Architect of St. Isaac Katidral ke St. Petersburg

St. Isaac Katidral - otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma ụlọ nke St. Petersburg. Ole n'ike mmụọ nsọ, nkà na oru nyekwara ya ihe e kere eke! Ya ije dị anya-akụta, ime mesmerizing ọlaedo spire bụ anya site n'akụkụ nile nke obodo, na site na veranda nwere ogidi awade pụtara echiche nke obodo. Inspirational masterpiece-agaghị ekwe omume na-agafe, ọ bụ a mmasị n'ebe ndị njem na ndị bi na obodo na Neva. Na ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa nke ajụjụ: "The-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ onye wuru St. Isaac Katidral, - onye ọ bụ?". Anyị na-amụta na azịza a n'isiokwu a.

Education na nkà

A mụrụ-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral bụ na Russia na ala ịta ahịhịa nke Paris. Na-eto eto coincided na Napoleonic n'agha nke mbubreyo XVIII - n'oge XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ. The nwa okorobịa na-amụ na Royal Academy of Architecture na Paris (na ụbọchị ndị a na-akpọ Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Pụrụ Iche nke Architecture). Ugboro abụọ ọ na-aghaghị ịkwụsịtụ ezi ihe ma na-aga agha, ibuso ya agha na ndị agha nke Napoleon na Italy na Germany.

Ma, n'agbanyeghị na ihe niile ihe mgbochi ndị a, ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral ike ịmụta site na nke kacha mma hụrụ n'anya na-arụ ọrụ nke French nka nke oge. N'oge agha mkpọsa, ọ bụ ike ịhụ ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke oge gboo art, na mgbe Napoleon ọ chịlie aka elu - iji nweta mbụ ahụmahụ Paris, ebe o lekọtara ndị na-ewu ọrụ.

Otú ọ dị, nkà na oké ọchịchọ-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ ma na-aga site na post-agha nsogbu France ọ ga-enweghị ebe ọ bụla itinye ihe ọmụma ha. Ma mgbe ahụ i kwesịrị anya n'ihi na a ọzọ ebe kwesịrị ekwesị maka mmezu nke ikike ha. Ma mgbe ahụ ga-eme n'ọdịnihu-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral ke St. Petersburg kpebiri iji ha nwere. Gịnị mere n'ebe ahụ? Na-eto eto isi obodo nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu mere enweghị n'aka ifịk ifịk-ewu ihe ma na ọ dị mkpa talent.

Bịarutere Russia

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 1816 na France-abịa St. Petersburg, ebe ọ natara post of draftsman na Kọmitii na Affairs nke Construction na Mmiri Works. N'ihi ikike ya, ịdị uchu na onwe-adabere, ọ adịghị anya na-a ahụmahụ ọhụrụ dị mkpa na-arụ ọrụ na ọhụrụ na ọnọdụ. Savvy na inwe ike ime ka a mmetụta ọma na-akwanyere ùgwù ndị mmadụ na-enyere ya ịkwaga kwupụta ya ihe mgbaru ọsọ.

N'oge na-adịghị ya na-apịaji na obi ụtọ omume: isi nke Committee na-atụ aro na nkà France Emperor Alexander m dị ka a ọkachamara ike iji mepụtaghachi ihe bụ ọma mbụ St. Isaac Katidral.

Architect, ọbụna ịbụ a maara nke ọma, wee gburugburu ndị ọzọ na-aga ime na-enweghị ike. O jisiri ka a na-adịgide adịgide akara n'elu eze ukwu, ebe n'ihu ùgwù mma album na 24 onyeōzi thumbnail, nke dabeere na ihe ndị kasị mma European ụka. Ọ bụ nanị ihe ga-dabara n'otu n'ime ebube ọdịdị nke obodo na Neva. Na December 1817, mgbe a afọ na ọkara o rutere, iri atọ France ghọrọ ikpe-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ. N'ihi ya amalite oké ọrụ nke iri afọ anọ - na bụ otú oge e wuru ama katidral, nke anyị maara taa.

style ukwu

Ya creativity ikpokọta abụọ isi okwukwo: High classicism (ma mara dị ka ndị Russian Alaeze Ukwu), na eclectic - a Nchikota ọcha si dị iche iche ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ọnọdụ. N'echiche a, a na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral bụ innovator maka oge ya. Ọtụtụ mgbe, o ji ihe nke ochie Gothic ụlọ nyere a pụrụ iche bụ.

Na 1840 na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ mere a njem England, France, Italy na Germany na-ịmara ndị peculiarities nke n'ime ime mma nke temple ụlọ. Ahụmahụ e nwetara bụ ihe ndabere maka oru ngo, nke ghọọ isi brainchild of French-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ.

Malite nke owuwu nke katidral

Engineering na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ malitere na 1818. Construction dọkpụụrụ na ruo ogologo oge na ọtụtụ ugboro kwụsịtụrụ ruru oké njọ na njehie na drawings. Ma ekele na ahụmahụ nke a nnukwu ìgwè nke ndị nwere ahụmahụ injinia ike ịnagide ihe isi ike.

Construction manager delved n'ime niile nkọwa. The pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ eweli igwe, ike ígwè udọ maka brick na nkume - a na ndị ọzọ dị elu engineering na imewe ngwọta eji a-eto eto-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral. Na St. Petersburg, mgbe ahụ, isi obodo nke mbụ alaeze, a otutu anya ugwo na nhazigharị nke a owuwu. Ọbụna mgbe o doro anya na a kara aka na-otu n'ime ndị na-eleta kaadị nke obodo.

Ẹkụre

Ná mmalite 1840, isi a rụchara ọrụ ahụ, na onye-nwe-abịa grips na n'ime ime mma nke temple. Inside ọ ẹkenịm Russia kasị ukwuu ntụpọ iko window e sere Christ. Ndị fọdụrụ imewe mbụ rụrụ na mmanụ, ma site na ya gbahapụrụ elu iru mmiri na-akpata. Alternatively katidral n'uko na mgbidi ogwe, na mma 150 foto ẹkenịm ke a Mozis Usoro nke a pụrụ iche onwunwe - smalt. Artists ji ya karịa 12 puku agba, na-eme ihe oyiyi ezi masterpieces.

The n'ozuzu echiche imewe mepụtara site na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke St. Isaac Katidral, ma na-arụ ọrụ na ihe e kere eke nke eserese, mosaics, ntụpọ iko na ọkpụkpụ nke ọtụtụ nkà nka nke oge: Karl Bryullov, N. Pimenov, P. Klodt na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Otu n'ime ndị isi na-egosi ihe nke katidral malitere gilded dome, nke were 100 n'arọ nke gold.

Na ihe e kere eke nke St. Petersburg masterpiece bụ n'ihi olileanya na-adịghị amụma: mgbe ga-agwụ agwụ Isaac Katidral, na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-anwụ. The amụma ahụ mezuru n'ụzọ ziri nnọọ ezi: May 30, 1858, na katidral e inaugurated na-nsọ, na June 28, na-ede akwụkwọ nke oru ngo bụ ihe nwụrụ anwụ na afọ 72 na afọ.

Ọ bụghị nanị na Isaac Katidral

Architect iri anọ na otu afọ, biri na St. Petersburg, nwere iwu ọ bụghị nanị na ya a ma ama masterpiece. Na 1832, na Obí Square e wuru kere ya oru ngo Alexander kọlụm.

Ọzọkwa, French-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ dechara ọtụtụ onwe iwu. N'ihi na nke a n'oge obí eze na mansions na obi nke St. Petersburg enwe mmasị n'ebe ya keugwu ije, nke ya n'ụzọ zuru okè dabara udi nke obodo.

Ugbu a ọ bụ oge aha nkà onye, na isiokwu nke isiokwu a. Architect of St. Isaac Katidral - Ogyust Monferran. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ ndị a ma ama ụlọ nke dị n'ebe ugwu isi obodo bụ kpọmkwem dị ka mfe recognizable na-eju pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche udi.