Baltic LNG: imewe na-ewu ụlọ

Near St. Petersburg, nso ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Ust-Luga, ọ na-ezube na-ewu a na osisi n'ihi na mmepụta nke gasị gas. Nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ oru ngo na-eme atụmatụ na 1 puku ijeri rubles nke investments.

Prerequisites maka ewu

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na pipeline gas na-eri ala karịa gasị deere a ufọk ufene elu-emekarị n'ji arịrịọ. Na nke a, ndị na-edu ndú nke "Gazprom" ụlọ ọrụ mere mkpebi banyere owuwu nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị e mere iji hụ na uru contracts na ahụ mejupụta ahịa choro ngwaahịa. The zubere osisi, Baltic LNG, ga-emi odude ke Leningrad region, ya bụ na ebe nso n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Ust-Luga.

Na mgbakwunye na macroeconomic ele ihe anya, na-ewu nke Baltic LNG dozie ụfọdụ nsogbu na Leningrad mpaghara, a ga-wuru ọtụtụ alaka nke gas pipelines na nhazi ụlọ ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ọ na-ezube na-amalite inye eke gas na Kaliningrad region, wuru maka nke a dị mkpa akụrụngwa.

ihe mgbaru ọsọ

The mkpa ebumnobi nke oru ngo "Baltic LNG" na-akpọ gasị gas onunu na Europe nakwa dị ka India na Latin America. Ihe ọzọ bụ nzube nke na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ bụ ntọt obere-tonnage eruba nke onunu na Baltic Oké Osimiri, nakwa dị ka akpata mmụba ahịa ọrụ arịa na mmanụ ụgbọala (bunkering).

oru ngo

The imewe ike na-etinye na larịị nke iri nde tọn gasị gas kwa afọ, na a na-ele na-amụba mmepụta nke ruo iri na ise nde tọn kwa afọ. Mkpebi ikpeazụ na ụlọ ọrụ tab, mara ọkwa na ndị ndú nke "Gazprom" na April 2015. Construction nke Baltic LNG na ndokwa maka ẹkụre na 2020. Nke-anọ nkeji iri na ise, dị ka atụmatụ, mbụ ogbe nke ngwaahịa na-Ẹnam ekese. Dị ka na-adịbeghị anya mbipụta na media, ẹkụre ewu na-agafere na 2021-2022 afọ, ma ọ dịghị ukara comments on okwu n'ebe ahụ.

Ngo mejupụtara atọ akụkụ:

• Baltic LNG.
• Pipeline.
• Port ọnụ na-ejizi containers na gas ụgbọ mmiri tanker.

Ụlọ mbụ na-eri na-eme atụmatụ na 460 ijeri rubles, na price na-abawanye ruo naanị na rubles, n'ihi na ihe niile dị mkpa ngwá ga-zụrụ ná mba ọzọ. Na dollar okwu, na-eri nke oru ngo agbanwebeghị.

Construction ga-ebu a enyemaka nke "Gazprom" ụlọ ọrụ "Gazprom LNG St. Petersburg." Partners mejuputa atumatu atụmatụ kwuru na ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ «Gazprom», Shell, negotiating na Mitsui, Mitsubishi. About puku mmadụ isii ndị mmadụ ga-ewu a Baltic LNG. General Designer ego mkpata - Design Institute JSC "Giprospetsgaz". On na-ewu nke pipeline abuana banyere abụọ na puku abụọ ọkachamara.

sonyere

Ole na ole na investors ga-dọtara ngo Baltic LNG. "Gazprom" a kọwara na otu nke na-eduga ndị na-ewu ụlọ nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu osisi. N'ime kpuchie nke St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, ẹkenịmde ke June 2016, ndị Corporation bịanyere aka a memorandum na ụlọ ọrụ Royal Dutch Shell, nke na-egosi ndị ọzọ bu n'obi ime.

Ọ bụ ezie na German ụlọ ọrụ kwuru na ọchịchọ ifịk ifịk isonye na-ewu, ọ dị, onye ahụ kwekọrịtara na a ka e bịanyere aka, bụghị naanị site n'imesi ọchịchọ. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-jikọọ mistrust nke German nchegbu na European n'obodo megide Russia. N'oge, mkparita uka bụ banyere size nke na-ekere òkè na oru ngo ụlọ ọrụ Shell.

Na nkwado nke oru ngo anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ekwe omume nke inweta a n'ozuzu onyenwereoke òkè 49% nke mbak. Mkparịta ụka na-adịgide, ma backroom mkparịta ụka enen ozi na Shell nwere ike inwe fọrọ nke nta ọkara nke osisi. Ihe kpatara nke a mkpebi bụ na ndị German ụlọ ọrụ dị njikere inye gas liquefaction technology.

e kwuru na "Baltic LNG" Ọdịdị nke ndị na-ewu nke oru ngo nwere ike ịgbanwe July 2016. Ọchịchọ na-ekwusa Japanese ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-enwe ahụmahụ na Russian ahịa na mmejuputa iwu-nke "Sakhalin-2" oru ngo.

The nhọrọ nke mmebe

The mkpa ndepụta "Gazprom" na-abatakwa aga-eme Baltic LNG. Emebe mgbagwoju bụ n'ozuzu ngo nhọrọ nzọụkwụ. Ndị ọkachamara na-akpọ ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na nke "Gazprom" esesịn rụkọrọ ọrụ na usoro nke idozi nsogbu ndị ọzọ. Na usoro isiokwu a uru nke "VNIPIgazdobycha" - na n'oge gara aga, izugbe mmebe nke yiri ụlọ ọrụ na Primorye (ngo na-adịghị emejuputa).

Ọzọkwa ya kpọrọ Research Institute of OJSC "Gazprom Promgaz", otu n'ime ndị kasị ochie na ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ. Ma nke kacha mma ohere iji nweta iji na-anọgide na OAO "Giprospetsgaz" (St. Petersburg). One of bughi nkewa nke ụlọ ọrụ na-emekọ na LNG, na nwere ahụmahụ na mmejuputa ihe aga-eme, oru dị ka "Baltic LNG" (osisi). A ụfọdụ akụkụ nke ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ama emejuputa - ẹkenịmde ego bụkwanụ.

ntụkwasị obodo

Ọdịnihu nke Baltic LNG ga-emi odude ke Ministry of Defense ala na ndị a narị ole na ole mita si ulo oru nke ebe mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Ust-Luga. Otu akụkụ dị mkpa nke mmejuputa dum n'usoro nke ewu a gas pipeline. Ọ ga-esetịkwa site n'obodo Volkhov dị na Leningrad mpaghara. Ego na-ekenyela a iche iche isiokwu na-ekwu okwu nke onwe ha na ulo oru na azụmahịa unit. The pipeline ga-enye ndị akụrụngwa ozugbo na osisi na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eji ọkụ. Ego maka ewu ga-ẹkenịmde si eji ọkụ gasification mmemme.

The ike conduit 34 na atumatu n'ogo nke ³ ijeri cubic mita / afọ LNG mbụ n'aka achọ 16.8 bn m ^3. Ndị fọdụrụ gas na-eji ọkụ na-ka na-na atụmatụ ogbo. E nwere a oru ngo na-ewu abụọ osisi n'ihi na mmepụta nke methanol. The atọ akụkụ nke a nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ LNG oru ngo bụ mmiri ọnụ.

ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme

The mbụ oru maka owuwu nke LNG na-atụle "Gazprom" Corporation na 2004. Ná mmalite bu n'obi na-ewu a osisi ke Primorsk, Ya imewe ike bụ 7 nde m ³ / afọ, anyị zubere ịnapụta ndị na ngwaahịa ke United States na Canada. Na 2007, echiche a gbahapụrụ na ihu ọma nke ogologo oge LNG na Shtokman, nke a na-mkpọ, na-ekpebi itu niile agha na-ewu nke pipeline "Nord Stream".

Echiche nke LNG postroist na Leningrad region azụ na 2013. Choice dina n'etiti saịtị na ebe nke Vyborg, Primorsk na Ust-Luga n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Mkpebi ikpeazụ na ihu ọma nke na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri e weere ná mmalite January 2015. The mgbakwasị bụ ọtụtụ uru nke ga-adaba adaba waterway Itie ụgbọ mmiri, ice ọnọdụ nke nche. Ọrụ dị mkpa egwuri site Leningrad mpaghara ochichi na-ezube na-ewu a nnukwu ulo oru na mpaghara, nke kwesịrị ịgụnye isii refineries na chemical okụre, nke na-achọ gas ọkọnọ nke ruo asaa ijeri cubic mita.

tụrụ anya na mmetụta

Dị ka ike ahịa ọkachamara, na-ewu nke Baltic LNG ga-enwe ohere iji napụta Russian eke gas na ndị European mba ebe pipeline adịghị eru. Karịsịa, ọ na-ekwu Spain, ebe ike-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ na-eri naanị gasị mmanụ ụgbọala dị na nnukwu mpịakọta. Ọ dịghị obere ekwe ahịa nke Portugal, na French n'ụsọ oké osimiri, na n'ebe ndịda na mpaghara nke Italy. Kachasinu n'ji nke gasị eke akụ bụ United Kingdom, ọ bụ ezie na gas site na pipeline ka a napụta zuru ezu olu.

Ma ndị ọkachamara na-enwe obi abụọ banyere ina nke ndị mba ọzọ na-eji ọkụ nke Russian gasị eke gas. Nke a ahịa bụ ukwuu asọmpi ọrụ n'aka andikabuana Player naputa a akụkụ nwere ike na-ebelata-eri nke na-enye. Dị ka o kwere - dị ka ogologo oge anyị na-enweghị ike ikwu. The mma ọrụ nke na-ewu nke Baltic LNG ga-egwu maka mpaghara region, nke ize ndụ a na-ekpe na-enweghị gas mgbe ntọhapụ nke a otu ume mgbanaka nke Baltic mba. Construction nke gas pipeline na-abụghị nanị eliminates nsogbu ma na-enye anyị taa ka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ na Leningrad mpaghara.