BCG nsogbu: ihe nne na nna kwesịrị ịma

Gịnị bụ BCG mara fọrọ nke nta niile. BCG - a ogwu megide ụkwara nta. BCG ogwu nwere a adịghị ike, mịrị amị TB germs.

BCG-M e mere maka nwayọọ ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa. Ya mejupụtara bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka nke BCG, naanị n'ọrụ umi (nje uka) na ọ nwere ọkara.

BCG-M na ẹkenam:

• Gbasara ụmụaka n'ụlọ ọgwụ;
• The ọgwụ maka ụmụaka bụ ndị nwere a contraindication ka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa;
• Ụmụ ụmụ site na ebe mma ọnọdụ ụkwara nta.

First ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na-ebu nwa n'ụlọ ọgwụ, na oge site na 3rd na 7th ụbọchị ọmụmụ. Revaccination na 7 na afọ 14 rụrụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ndị Mantoux ule na-adịghị mma. Prick mere intradermally na ekpe ubu.

Ọgụ ka ụkwara nta na-emepụta 1.5-2 ọnwa mgbe ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa. The ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa anaghị ekwe nkwa ido. Ohere ịzụlite TB mgbe e mesịrị e, ma likelihood nke a bụ nnọọ ala. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, omume na mmadụ ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa megide ụkwara nta, 15 ugboro ala karịa n'etiti unvaccinated. Na ọrịa mgbe milder.

Ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa mmeghachi omume.

Na saịtị nke Inoculation a kpụrụ nodule ntekwasa jikọrọ ọnụ. Around n'ọnwa nke abụọ e nwere ike ime otú ahụ dị ka e guzobere ihe etuto. Ndị dị otú ahụ aka mmeghachi omume a na-ewere nkịtị. Iji mee ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mkpa na iteto green agba ma ọ bụ ayodiin kwa. Mma bụ ebe na-aka. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị (2-4 ọnwa) na niile gwọọkwa na situ kpụrụ aka onya size 3-10 mm.

Ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na BCG nsogbu.

Mgbe grafting usoro mee (ogbenye mma nke ogwu, ngafe dose of ogwu na-ndinọ intradermally, na subcutaneously, wdg) nwere ike ime ka nsogbu nke ogwu. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na BCG nsogbu bụ nnọọ obere na 0,02% nke ikpe, ndị nne na nna kwesịrị ịmata otú ha na-gosipụtara. Nsogbu mgbe BCG akpọ betsezhit.

Common nsogbu nke BCG (betsezhit):

1. Oyi etuto. Na saịtị nke Inoculation a kpụrụ ọnyá onye n'obosara bụ karịa 1 cm, na-amụba nso Lymph (axillary, cervical, supraclavicular, subclavian). gburugburu akara na-egosi na ọgwụ na saịtị. Nke a bụ na ọ dịghị nkịtị ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa mmeghachi omume - a obere nodule, na nke bukwanu size, ihe karịrị otu sentimita akụziri. Ọnọdụ nwatakịrị ahụ na-adịghị na-ata ahụhụ, ọ bụghị fever, izugbe ala nke ahụ ike dị mma. Mgbe 3-6 ọnwa, na akara na-ịrọ arọ na kpụrụ ihe etuto, na mgbe ahụ, otu ọnyá afọ na-apụghị ịgwọ ọtụtụ ọnwa. N'ihi ya, oyi na-atụ etuto gwọọ na n'ọnọdu-ya kpụrụ a nnukwu kpakpando ekara onya.
2. Lymphadenitis. Ná ngwụsị nke 1-3 ọnwa mgbe ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa dịkwuo Lymph n'okpuru ogwe aka na ekpe. Mgbe ụfọdụ, o nwere ike na-emetụta Lymph n'elu olu ma ọ bụ n'okpuru. Aza Lymph-egosi dị ka ọbara ọbara-acha odo odo na ok formations size of 2-5 cm, mgbe oge ụfọdụ ha nro na ndị a si ha abu. Healing ewe 3-9 ọnwa na-etolite a oké stellate onya. N'oge lymphadenitis nwere ike so ala ọkwa fever, anaemia, ịmụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke imeju, na-ebelata agụụ, na ndị ogbenye ibu ibu. All ụmụ lymphadenitis poslevaktsinnym ebelata ahụ na-eguzogide ma ọgụ ada. Mgbe e mesịrị, ha hụrụ a diathesis, rickets, ala ala tonsillitis, Ugboro akụkụ okuku ume na-efe efe, na ndị ọzọ.
3. Calcifications. Ụfọdụ ụmụaka na lymphadenitis post-ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na saịtị nke Lymph ọnụ ekemende kpụrụ calcium nkume - calcifications. Calcifications achọ ọgwụgwọ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ha size dị ukwuu karịa 1 cm.
4. Keloid scars. Mgbe Inoculation nke BCG a kpụrụ ike ike,-esetị, nnọọ oké onya. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a scars-egosi na ọrịa na-adịghị anabata ọrịa, ụmụ agbọghọ ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na ntụtụ e mere kwa elu na ebe nke n'ubu nkwonkwo. Nsogbu keloids na ha nwere ike na-eto eto.

BCG nsogbu na-emeso ya na pụrụ iche mgbochi TB ọgwụ ọjọọ: ha na-e jikwa ọnụ na-eji dị ka a mgbakwasa na otụk ebe.

Contraindications BCG ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa:

• Gbasara ụmụaka erikpu ruo 2.5 n'arọ.
• Nnukwu ọrịa ma ọ bụ exacerbation nke ala ala ọrịa.
• Immunodeficiency. Oncology.
• Oké nsogbu BCG ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa mata na ụmụnne.

Contraindications BCG revaccination:

• Nnukwu ọrịa ma ọ bụ exacerbation nke ala ala ọrịa. Yana ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi rụrụ 30 ụbọchị mgbe mgbake.
• Immunodeficiency. Oncology.
• Nsogbu nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa na BCG.
• Ofufe Ọrịa Ụkwara: TB ndị ọrịa bụ ndị na ụmụ a akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụkwara nta ma ọ bụ TB-nje.
• Positive ma ọ bụ echeghi Mantoux ule.