Belovezhskoe nkwekọrịta, ma ọ bụ a mba nke na anyị amaghịzi

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The ugbu a president nke Russian Federation Vladimir Putin na-akpọ ida nke Soviet Union kasị ukwuu geopolitical ndudue nke narị afọ nke 20. Belovezhskaya nkwekọrịta, na, dị ka a N'ihi ya, guzobe nke CIS enweghịkwa ike idozi ya.

Kpatara ihe na mmetụta

History pụtara na n'agbanyeghị otú ike ma ọ bụ a otu ma ọ bụ ọzọ alaeze, ọ na-aga site na atọ isi nkebi: ọmụmụ, bilie, na-ikpochapu. Ọ bụ sokwa na isi ike nke narị afọ nke 20 - na Soviet Union. A mụrụ ya na ọbara n'oké mgbanwe na-agha obodo, gabiga ọjọọ nke collectivization na ụnwụ, mgbukpọ, Stalin repressions, ngụkọta Mbibi na nhụsianya, ndị na ndibọhọ kasị egwu n'oge agha - World War II, ghọọ a mbibi na, dị ka Phoenix ebili si ntụ, na ọ bụ a colossus na ụkwụ nke ụrọ, mere n'okpuru izugbe iwu nke Jenesis na kụtusịa afọ 21 gara aga.

N'ihi na ihe omume dị otú nwere oké njọ ọnọdụ, na otu n'ime ndị isi - n'esepụghị aka mpi nke USSR na US, Moscow na Washington.

"N'oge oyi, agha" na West maara onwe m otu eziokwu: ndị Soviet Union nwere ike ghara imeri agha n'aka, ọ pụrụ nanị imebi ndị na-eri, na nke kacha mma chọtara nke allies n'ime USSR. N'ezie, ha chọpụtara na - na ihu nke ụfọdụ ndị ndú nke ndị Union mba.

West si mgbaru ọsọ doro nnọọ anya. Ma ihe na-akpali ndị isi nke ọchịchị nke iche iche "mejupụtara ya-nwanyị?" Dị ka ọ tụgharịa si, emezu n'oge ochie ụkpụrụ nke "ike na-achị". Ee, ha ike wee gwụ na-ebutere ndị isi nke Center - Moscow chọrọ ịbụ ndị na-achị ha onwe ha ala, na-ebi ndụ "dị mma na free", dị ka kwalitere America.

Enweere site na ike na RSFSR Boris Yeltsin chọrọ ịbụ a isi nke ala. Yiri ihe mgbaru ọsọ kpọrọ ihe na akpa ndú nke ndị ọzọ na mpaghara. Ma ha egeghị enwu na ọnọdụ nke ịdị adị nke Soviet Union. E nwere nanị otu - tie a ndibiat iwepụ ike n'ezi ihe nke obodo, karịsịa ke Soviet oruru, nakweere 1977, October 7, onye ọ bụla na Soviet e weere a Ọkaakaa ala na nwere ikike unu kpamkpam ka secede si na USSR.

The agha nke ...?

President Gorbachev gbalịrị igbochi ida nke Union, na-echebe ịdị n'otu nke ala. Iji mezuo nke a na ọ ẹkenịmde na All-Union referendum on March 17 nke 1991, na nke ọtụtụ ndị amaala tozuru oke maka ichebe obodo ha. Na 20 nke nke August 91st e zubere bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke a ọhụrụ Union Treaty. Ma ọ derailed site kuu, nke a bịara mara dị ka ndị Emergency Kọmitii. N'otu oge ahụ, na 24 August 1991. Ukraine adopts nkwupụtara nke Independence. December 1 Ukraine, n'out oge na president ntuli aka, ẹkenịmde a referendum na nnwere onwe nke Ukraine si Russia na ndị ọzọ na mba. The isi ajụjụ a n'ụdị zuru ezu convoluted emegharị ndị mmadụ na-adịghị nghọta na intricacies nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị egwuregwu na formulations. N'ihi na 90% nke Ntuli akwado echiche nke onwe, ihe ọzọ mere na okwu kwuru na ichebe kemmekorita mmekọahụ na mbụ mejupụtara ya. Na njikere nke referendum obosara nduhie mkpọsa mba ọ rụrụ, ọdịdị zuru oke nke nke e-ebelata ka tesis-mkpesa: "Kwụsị udia Moscow" Ọ bụrụ na ị bulie a pụrụ iche akwụkwọ nke afọ ndị - nduhie mpempe akwụkwọ ẹmen maka free na n'okporo ámá ndị bi emmepe nke Ukraine, na-agụ n'ụzọ nkịtị. Ijikwa na peeji mbụ, mesịa na isi obodo leta, na table n'okpuru na ederede:

"Citizens of Ukraine, agaghị ekwe ka ha na-aghọgbu! Production kwa n'isi n'isi na Ukraine ebe n'etiti ndị kasị mba ndị mepere emepe nke ụwa ... "na table-egosi na Ukraine na-họọrọ 1st site ebe, jiri ya tụnyere Germany, Japan, Britain, na mmịpụta nke eke ego, gụnyere ígwè ore, na ígwè mmepụta nwekwara 1-2 ebe n'etiti ndị a na-ekwu na mmepụta nke nri, tinyere nri, anụ na mmiri ara ehi na ngwaahịa na Ukraine ọtụtụ ugboro elu karịa na otu mba. Leaflets pụtara na Ukraine - ogaranya ala na ike idi site n'onwe ya, na-eri nri onwe ya na-enye ihe niile dị mkpa maka zuru ọrụ. Na Ukrainians adịghị ebi ndụ ojuju na obi ụtọ dị nnọọ n'ihi na ọ na-ewepụ ihe niile Russia na Moscow, dị ka a ibu idide rapaara n'ahụ ndị mmadụ ahu na eme nzuzu ikpeazụ: "Ukraine-emepụta ihe, Union ebupụ, ego - ewe Moscow. Anyị na ụmụ anyị na-ahapụ aku mbibi, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa mbelata na nhụjuanya. " Mgbe ahụ, na Ukraine asụsụ wee a ndepụta ajụjụ, nke boro ebubo na ndị Kọmunist, òtù na-achị Union jidere na-ezu ohi na niile, na ọtụtụ ndị zuru mejupụtara nke akụ na Ukraine, na-emebi iwu na ndị mmanye na-achụso a kpere ha ekperima ọdịmma, na-enweghị n'ihe banyere ihe ọ bụla na-achị nke iwu, na site a na-ata ahụhụ ndị mmadụ, na nke mbụ niile - Ukrainian. M biri a "masterpiece" ọhụrụ recruited nnukwu mkpesa: "A amaala nke Ukraine, n'agbanyeghị mba ma ọ bụ otu affiliation! Chee echiche tupu referendum machibidoro anyị Center: MEE unu mkpa A chọrọ Revised SSR "?

Dị otú ahụ mkpọsa e rụrụ na ndị ọzọ mba. Ndị mmadụ na-akụzi na ihe niile n'aka na-ewe Russia, na-enweghị ya ga-abịa oge nke ukwuu, ma na West. Ya mere kpaa nkata, nke rụpụtara n'ime mbibi nke USSR na Belovezhskoe agreement.

Ghọtara maka atọ ...

N'ihi ya, nzukọ ndị isi nke Russia, Ukraine na Belarus - Boris Yeltsin, Kravchuk na Shushkevich - ẹkenịmde ke Bialowieza Forest, obibi "Viskuli". Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ December 8 bụ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nkwekọrịta Belavezha 91 nke afọ, akwụkwọ, dị ka nke Soviet Union kwụsịrị ịdị adị, na kama kpụrụ Commonwealth of Independent States - CIS. Iji ya na ha na-mesịrị sonyere site 9 ọzọ mba Soviet.

Na Belovezhskoe nkwekọrịta bụ ihe pụrụ iche na ya mpụ uwa, nakwa dị ka ahụ n'ezie ibé, kwuru, sị eziokwu na mgbe ịbanye niile akwụkwọ nkekọta ozugbo akpọ isi nke US George HW Bush, na kọrọ na ha "rụzuru". Ya mere na-ekwu okwu, anyị kọrọ na-aga nke ọma ọrụ mere.

Na Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet president, mụtara banyere ihe ahụ merenụ na-esote ụbọchị. Obere oge, na December 25 nke 1991, Gorbachev nso nso kwuru okwu a televised address na Soviet ndị mmadụ dị ka onyeisi oche. Ọ bụghịzi president ike na ozugbo ebede bufee nuclear akpa, na ya niile akara nke nuclear agha, Russian President Boris Yeltsin.

The mgbede nke December 25, ọtụtụ telivishọn ụwa na-agbasa ozi n'ikuku site Moscow banyere launching ememe na Kremlin USSR ọkọlọtọ na-eweli kama nke Russian tricolor. N'ihi ya, ndị kasị ibu, ike ná mba ụwa na e bibiri na-enweghị otu ogbugba. The akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ maka ike bụ ike karịa nkịtị uche na ịhụ mba n'anya sie ike.

N'ịchịkọta

Gịnị nyere ndị bụbu Soviet Union na ida nke ihe e kere eke nke CIS? Ewoo ... N'oge ahụ, ma na Europe ehichapu ala, na-eto wee sie ike na European Union, ẹkenam visa-free ọchịchị na-etolite a nkịtị aku ohere n'ime ndị bụbu Soviet Union wee malite ịpụta siri ike ókè na omenala. Gburu a nnukwu otu mba aku mgbagwoju. Na nsogbu nke 90 mmetụta na ọdịmma nke ụmụ amaala nke ihe niile mba, sitere na site akụ-ọgaranya Russia, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta Ukraine, na a obere dara ogbenye Moldova, dị ka Tajikistan na ndị ọzọ. Onye ọ bụla ọhụrụ obodo malitere imepe ya ọchịchị J.Randall nkà tulee na mba ajụjụ, na-akpasu esemokwu na esemokwu, na n'okpuru a cover na-anapụ "prihvatiziruyuschaya" bụbu ala onwunwe. A mụrụ caste nke oligarchs, Ete now. People hụrụ onwe ya tọrọ atọ n'akụkụ nke ndụ na ịdọrọ si a anuri adị ruo afọ 21. Na obi abụọ adịghị ya mmeri me Belovezhskoe nkwekọrịta naanị na West.