Gịnị bụ etymological dictionary? Historical na etymological dictionary

Na-adịgide adịgide okwu nke Russian asụsụ ka asụsụ ala nna nke ihe atụ na ano. Na-na okwu ọhụrụ ama mara - ha nwere ike iji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbanwee ya uru, na-enye ha ọhụrụ iche ọ pụtara. Okwu ọnụ anyị na - na ọ bụ a bi organism na nlezianya ebipụ si onwe ya n'ihe ize ndụ na-adịghị ejekwa ozi ahụ, ga-eme ka ọhụrụ, ọhụrụ, na nri okwu. Na ịghọta ihe bụ nzube nke okwu ọhụrụ, anyị chọrọ onye etymological dictionary. Ọrụ ya, Ọdịdị na uru na-kọwara n'okpuru ebe a.

definition

Gịnị bụ etymological dictionary? Ke akpa itie abịa cheta oge ochie Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na ọba akwụkwọ kpuchie ke cobwebs folios. Ma ugbu a, ekele na Internet etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ dị na widest nso nke ndị mmadụ. Ị nwere ike iji ya n'oge ọ bụla.

Azịza nke ajụjụ banyere ihe ndị etymological dictionary na-ẹdude ke definition. Ndị a Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu kọwaa mmalite na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke dị iche iche okwu. Ọtụtụ okwu - na-abụghị Slav, ha mbụ pụtara bụ mgbe ụfọdụ nnọọ anya n'ebe ot. Ọbụna okwu "etymology" - nke ndị mba ọzọ si malite. Na okwu a biiri si Greek asụsụ na iso nke abụọ akụkụ: na translation etymos - pụtara "eziokwu" logo - "okwu". The Nchikota abụọ ndị a echiche bụ "eziokwu nke okwu." The mere designation enye otu echiche nke ihe na etymology, nakwa na ihe dị otú ahụ etymological dictionary. Ke ofụri ofụri okwu, nke a akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu bụ ndepụta nke okwu ndị si mba ọzọ ma ọ bụ Russian si malite, ọ bụla nke nwere ya akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkọwa.

History of etymology

Agbali kọwaa ihe okwu pụtara ogologo oge tupu mgbasa nke ide, anyị nụrụ na-anapụta-arụ ọrụ Sumerian, Ijipt, Akkadian sages, na nke ha na kọwara ihe okwu nke asụsụ. N'ụbọchị ndị e nwere okwu ndị na-tọrọ ndị kasị ochie mepee, si malite nke yiri ka anọgide unexplained.

Kemgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ, asụsụ, na mba na-agwakọta, etinye obi gị dum na-apụ n'anya, na-eweghachi ndụ ọhụrụ okwu. Ma, e nwere mgbe niile ndị na-anakọta ndụ iberibe nke okwu na-agbalị ịkọwa ha. The mbụ etymological dictionary gụnyere a okwu ole na ole na nkebi ahịrịokwu. Mgbe e mesịrị, okwu na-amụba, na akụkụ nke ọ bụla okwu a họọrọ nwere nkọwa.

Russian asụsụ okwu

The mbụ ukara etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ e wepụtara na 1835. Ma ogologo oge tupu na agbali kọwaa ihe na mbido nke okwu. Ya mere, Lev Uspensky ya magburu onwe akwụkwọ "The Akụkọ nke okwu" na-eduga okwu Feofania Prokopovich na mejupụtara Dictionary - "Mee ọkọwa okwu" - na-arụ ọrụ ike na-agwụ ha ike. Ọbụna dị nnọọ na-anakọta niile okwu nke edemede asụsụ, kewara ndị nkịtị okwu si kpọmkwem okwu nke olumba, Govorkov - overwork. Ezie na ọtụtụ enthusiasts etinye ọtụtụ afọ nke ndụ ha iji na-anakọta okwu nke asụsụ na otu etymological dictionary.

The mbụ Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu

History chebere aha ndị mbụ enthusiasts, anakọta Russian okwu. Ha FS Shimkevich, KF Reyff, MM Izyumov, N. V. Goryaev, A. N. Chudino na ndị ọzọ. The mbụ etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ ya oge a n'ụdị bịara ná mmalite narị afọ nke 20. Ya malitere bụ otu ìgwè nke ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mere Prọfesọ AG Nnwogha. N'okpuru aha "The etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ," ọ reprinted ọtụtụ ugboro, dị ka emeziri. The ikpeazụ mara mbipụta Mgbagwoju site na 1954 afọ.

The kasị zoro etymological dictionary weere M. Fasmer. Akwụkwọ mbụ e bipụtara na 1953. N'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ asụsụ ọrụ bipụtara Russian ọkà mmụta asụsụ mesịrị Fasmerovsky etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ a na-ewere ndị kasị akpa n'akwụkwọ nke ya obiọma.

Olee otú ịmụ Okwu

Asụsụ nke mba ọ bụla n'ụwa bụ ka osimiri - ọ bụ mgbe niile na-agbanwe agbanwe na-ewere on ọhụrụ iche-iche. Onye ọ bụla n'ime anyị hụrụ otú ahụ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ kwuru asụsụ na-agụnye ọhụrụ, biiri ma ọ bụ gbanwetụrụ okwu na dum ahịrịokwu. N'otu oge okenye na-adịghị-eji echiche na-aga - "saa si" nke asụsụ. Converted na ụdị drafting okwu - na mgbe ụfọdụ na-enye na-mfe, mgbe ụfọdụ arọ ọzọ owuwu na-eme ka ọ echepụtakarị na expressive.

nkọwa okwu

Nkọwa nke okwu - adịghị mfe ọrụ. onye okwu na-amụ na-atụ aro bụghị naanị a ndepụta ya ịkọwa nke gara aga na ugbu a, ma na-achọ na mgbọrọgwụ nke yiri ụda ma ọ bụ mkpoputa okwu, explores na o kwere omume ụzọ na-akpali onye okwu site na otu asụsụ ọzọ. Na akụkọ ihe mere eme mgbanwe na-ewere ọnọdụ dị iche iche na okwu nke Russian asụsụ, na-agwa akụkọ ihe mere eme na etymological dictionary. Ọ na-elekwasị anya otú ịgbanwe dị iche iche pụtara nke okwu a karịrị oge. E nwekwara a nkenke etymological dictionary - ọ na-emekarị na-egosi a nkenke nkọwa nke okwu na ihe gbasara nke puru nke ya malite.

A atụ ole na ole

Gịnị bụ etymological dictionary, ka anyị tụlee a atụ ole na ole. Onye na-amaghị okwu "ocho oru". Etymological dictionary nke Russian asụsụ na-akọwa na asụsụ unit nwere German mgbọrọgwụ. Ma na German asụsụ okwu na-abịa site Latin. "Ọpụpụ" n'aka, na asụsụ nke oge ochie Ndị Rom. Fọrọ nke nta ahụ pụtara mmasị ka okwu n'asụsụ German. Ma oge a na Russian asụsụ na-enye "Entrant" dị nnọọ iche pụtara. Taa, a na-akpọ onye na-nābia nime agụmakwụkwọ ka elu. Etymological dictionary na ihe ewepụtara na okwu a - ocho oru, abiturientsky. Studies na-egosi na ole ma ole adjectives na cognate okwu, na mgbe e mesịrị a nke asụsụ unit banyere Russian asụsụ. Birth of Russian "ocho oru" mesoghị tupu mmalite nke XIX narị afọ.

Ma eleghị anya, okwu ndị anyị na-iri Russian, ndị na-erughị na-akpali biography? Ebe a, ka ihe atụ, ọ maara na ọ maara na okwu "n'ikiri ụkwụ". Ọ na-adịghị mkpa ịkọwa, na ọ bụ dị niile Slavic asụsụ, na-ahụ na ọ na odide oge ochie. Ma akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okwu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-amụ otú anya, na a doo anya na uche banyere mmalite nke "n'ikiri ụkwụ" dị ka e nwere. Ụfọdụ na-erite ya na nkịtị Slavic mgbọrọgwụ, "ụta", nke pụtara "ihulata n'ikpere aka." Ndị ọzọ ndị ọkà mmụta na-esi ọnwụ na Turkish version - na asụsụ nke Tatars na Mongol "Ka'b" pụtara "n'ikiri ụkwụ." Etymological dictionary ebinyeghị akụkụ ọ bụla na-arụpụta na ha peeji nke ma nsụgharị nke mbido nke "n'ikiri ụkwụ", na-ahapụ ihe ndị ahụ na-agụ akwụkwọ.

Tụlee ihe ọzọ maara okwu - "sinik." Ya mere, anyị na-akpọ ekweisi na scammers. Ugbu a, ndị "na-ezobata" - mara ọbụbụ ọnụ, ma mgbe mmadụ na-sinik biri na nkwanye ùgwù na ùgwù. Ọ amama, dị ka ọ na Russia na-akpọ ọha prosecutors - ugbu a na ogide dị otú ahụ a na ọnọdụ prosecutors. Okwu nwere Norse malite. -Akpali mmasị, na ndị ọzọ Slavic asụsụ (ma e wezụga Russian na Ukraine), na ọ na-adịghị mee ihe.

pụta

Pụtara etymological dictionary overemphasized. Ọ bụrụ na ị maara nkọwa okwu ụfọdụ, ị nwere ike mfe ịghọta niile nuances nke pụtara. Etymological dictionary ga-eme ka onye na-agụ a ọzọ Bible, dị ka bụ mgbe ndị ziri ezi mkpoputa na Russian kwetakwara na ego site na nhọrọ nke cognate okwu. Ke adianade do, Russian asụsụ dị nnọọ mwute na a dịgasị iche iche nke mgbazinye ego. Okwu nke German, English, French hụrụ ya na a ubé gbanwetụrụ ụdị, na correctness nke nwere ike kwupụtara iji otu akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu. Adịghị mkpa ịkọwa ihe pụtara etymological dictionary, ụmụ akwụkwọ nke kwesiri mahadum, ndi oru nta akuko, ndị nsụgharị, ndị nkụzi nke akwụkwọ. All ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-metụtara okwu ahụ. N'ihi na ha, ndị etymological dictionary - ihe dị oké mkpa na ngwá ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ.