Gịnị bụ ụda nke okwu? Gịnị ka ị na-akpọ a alaka nke mmụta asụsụ na-amụrụ ụda nke okwu?

Linguistics nwere ọtụtụ dị iche iche edere. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha na-raara nye ọmụmụ nke a akpan akpan asụsụ larịị. Otu nke isi, nke na-ma n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma na mahadum na ngalaba nke Philology, a fonetiikisi na-amụrụ ụda okwu.

fonetiikisi

Fonetiikisi - bụ isi ngalaba nke philological sayensị, na-amụ ụda Ọdịdị nke asụsụ. Nkebi nke a na-atụle:

1. Ụda, ha nhazi ọkwa na ọrụ.
2. Syllables na ha nhazi ọkwa.
3. -Emesi ike.
4. Ndebeolu ndebanye okwu.
5. okwu na-ada - ọ bụ ndị kasị nta na indivisible unit nke asụsụ. Ụda ụdị syllables na-eme ka okwu.

forums fonetiikisi

Na oge gboo fonetiikisi ndị na-esonụ ngalaba:

1. The acoustics okwu. Ọ na-ege ntị anụ ahụ e ji mara okwu.
2. The physiology okwu, na-amụ ọrụ articulation akụkụ mgbe ịkpọ ụda.
3. Phonology - a n'alaka ụlọ ọrụ nke mmụta asụsụ na ọmụmụ nke okwu dị ka a n'aka nkwurịta okwu na-ada na ha ịrụ ọrụ.

Guzosie nwekwara n'akụkụ ebe nke mmụta asụsụ:

1. Orthoepy amụ iwu nke pronunciation.
2. Mkpoputa, site na nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-amụta mkpoputa okwu.
3. Graphics - ngalaba, na-atụle ihe ndị mejupụtara nke Russian mkpụrụ akwụkwọ. Ọ nkọwa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụda na ha fixation na akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mkpụrụ okwu.

nhazi ọkwa

Ịmata ihe dị iche okwu ụda nke ụdaume na consonants.

Mgbe idọhọ ụdaume exhaled ikuku stream aga kpamkpam site na akụkụ nke okwu, na-enweghị izute ihe mgbochi. N'ihi ya, ka ha nāwuye consonants, on Kama nke ahụ, ndị exhaled ikuku osobo ihe mgbochi, nke a kpụrụ site zuru ezu ma ọ bụ ele mmadụ anya n'ihu mmechi nke akụkụ nke okwu.

Anyị asụsụ 6 udaume ụda na 21 mgbochiume taa. Rịba ama na-na ụdaume bụ unstressed ma ọ bụ ujo, na consonants na-ekewa n'ime ike na juu.

The now e ji mara ụda

All okwu na-ada nwere now e ji mara. Ndị a gụnyere:

• Elu. Kwupụtara na Hz / sec. The elu uru, mma ụda.
• The ike ma ọ bụ ike nke nke na-adabere na njupụta nke vibrations nke akwara ụda olu. Hà na decibels.
• Timbre na-adabere na pitch na mgbaasị.
• Duration tụrụ site ego nke oge a chọrọ maka mkpụrụ a ụda. Nke a ji mara na-na metụtara ọnụego okwu.

articulation ịrịba ama

N'ihi consonants bụ anọ na isi articulation atụmatụ:

1. The ruru nke ụzụ na olu (sonants ụzụ gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'obi, oké ụzụ ntị chiri).
2. Site n'ụzọ nke articulation: occlusives (ọgbụgba ọkụ, affricates, occlusive), ọdịiche na ọdịiche-occlusive (n'akụkụ, n'ikwe).
3. Site n'ọrụ ozu aka guzobe ụda: labial (bilabial, labio-eze) na lingual (apicals, sredneyazychnye, velar).
4. Dị ka n'ezinụlọ ozu aka ke articulation of: eze, alveolar, palatal, velar.

articulation ịrịba ama

Mgbe ụdaume bụ ndị na-esonụ mgbaàmà:

• Number - ọ na-adabere ihe nke asụsụ n'oge pronunciation nke ụda adahade. Igbunye n'ihu, n'etiti na azụ n'usoro.
• N'ibuli - adabere na ole na-akpọlite azụ nke ire na-akpọ okwu. Ọtụtụ mgbe elu, na-ajụ ma ọ bụ ala inwego.
• Labialization e ji òkè nke egbugbere ọnụ na pronunciation nke ụda. Igbunye labialized na nelabializovannye ụdaume.

nkeji okwu

Im fonetiikisi okwu ụda na syllables.

Nkeji okwu - kacha nta ọmụmụ gbasara asụsụ unit. Na a okwu okwu ekewa syllables site a kwusi. Onye ọ bụla nkeji okwu mejupụtara preformative ụda, mgbe mgbe udaume. Ke adianade do, o nwere ike na-agụnye otu ma ọ bụ karịa na-abụghị syllabic ụda, na-emekarị ụdaume.

Ndị na-esonụ ụdị nke syllables:

1. Mepee na souse udaume.
2. Na-emechi, na-agwụcha mgbochiume.
3. Kpuchie - ọ na-amalite na a mgbochiume.
4. Gba ọtọ - ọ na-amalite na a udaume.

ngwoolu

Nchegbu - a okwu nhọrọ na otu nke mmiri - nkeji okwu. Agbala ndebeolu. Ụda ma ọ bụ nkeji okwu dị na ujo ọnọdụ, akpọ na nwekwuo ume na nkenke.

Lelee correctness nke nchekasị na a okwu, i nwere ike iji idọhọ dictionary.

phonetic analysis

Amụ okwu na-ada ụmụ akwụkwọ na ụmụ akwụkwọ sikwuo ha na ihe ọmụma na-enyemaka nke phonetic analysis of okwu. Ọ rụrụ dị ka ndị a:

1. Dere okwu dị ka nsupe iwu.
2. The okwu ekewa syllables.
3. Ọzọkwa, okwu transcription eriri e dere na square brackets.
4. Iji na-emesi ike na okwu.
5. All ụda na-dere na transcription na-dere na a kọlụm. N'ihu onye ọ bụla nke ha na-dere articulation nke e ji mara ya.
6. Ọ na-atụle a ọnụ ọgụgụ akwụkwọ ozi na-ada na a okwu na-ede na n'ihi ụkpụrụ.
7. Ọ na-kweere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke syllables e nyere site na ha obere nkọwa.

Amụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ

Maruuru fonetiikisi na-amalite na klas mbụ. Mgbe ahụ na-akụziri ụmụaka ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụdaume na consonants, mesiri na unstressed ụdaume, atụle syllables. Na ise ọkwa M malitere ọzọ na-omimi maruuru ụda okwu. Children enye a nkenke nkọwa articulation ụda, ha na ya ịmara ndị ike na juu consonants, mụta n'ụzọ ziri ezi igosi a phonetic analysis of okwu.

Onye nke iri na klas ihe ọmụma systematized megharịa mbụ nwetara. Ọ bụrụ na e a profaịlụ mkpọda na-amụ ha asụsụ, ihe ọmụma nke fonetiikisi nkụzi mikwuo dị ka na mbụ mepụtara usoro.

Na-amụ na ndị University

Ewebata ụmụ akwụkwọ-philologists fonetiikisi amalite n'afọ mbụ nke mahadum na-ekwupụtakwa maka otu ma ọ bụ abụọ semesters. Na nke a, otu ọkara afọ agụmakwụkwọ na-ewepụtara ọmụmụ nke fonetiikisi, ie, acoustics na physiology okwu, nke abụọ - phonology. Kemgbe, ụmụ akwụkwọ na-ẹkenam dị iche iche na-eru nso na-amụ ụda na phonemes, na-amụta na-enye ndị e ji mara ụda eme phonetic analysis. Mgbe-emecha a N'ezie nnyocha.

N'ọdịnihu, ihe ọmụma a ga-bara uru n'ọmụmụ olumba, ndịna-emeputa na mkpoputa orthoepy.

Nchoputa

Speech ada - ọ bụ di ntakiri asụsụ nkeji, mụọ na mmụta asụsụ. Ha na-amụ aka sayensị fonetiikisi. Maruuru ụda na-amalite na klas mbụ na-amụta ihe ndị bụ isi. Ihe Ọmụma nke fonetiikisi - ndabere nke ziri ezi okwu, mkpoputa mmadụ omenala.