Laboratory nchoputa - a pụrụ iche n'ụzọ na-amụ. Ụzọ na atụmatụ

A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke dị ọrịa, onye ogo mgbaàmà dị iche iche ndị mmadụ siere ndị na-achọpụta ọrịa usoro. Ọtụtụ mgbe, na omume, adịghị ezu naanị ngwa nke ihe ọmụma na nkà nke dọkịta. Na nke a, na-etinye ihe na-arịa na-enyere na-adakarị laabu nchọpụta nsogbu. Na ya, na n'oge ogbo na-ahụrụ daa ọrịa nke ọrịa a rụrụ nlekota oru, nyochasiri ya kwere omume ugbu a arụmọrụ na kenyere ọgwụgwọ na-ekpebisi ike. Ka ụbọchị, nnyocha ọgwụ nchọpụta nsogbu - otu n'ime ndị kasị na-eto eto na ebe nke na nkà mmụta ọgwụ.

echiche

Laboratory nchoputa - bụ a ọgwụ ịdọ aka ná ntị na-emetụta na omume ọkọlọtọ-achọpụta ọrịa ụzọ maka nchọpụta na nlekota nke ọrịa, nakwa dị ka Inweta na-amụta usoro ndị ọhụrụ.

Clinical laabu nchọpụta nsogbu nke ukwuu mmemmem nchoputa na-enye gị ohere ịhọrọ ndị kasị dị irè ọgwụgwọ Usoro.

Subsectors nke laabu nchọpụta nsogbu bụ:

• adakarị n'ihi mmiri ọgwụ;
• Clinical Hematology;
• ịlụso ọrịa ọgụ;
• virology;
• Clinical serology;
• microbiology;
• toxicology;
• Cytology;
• bacteriology;
• parasitology;
• mycology;
• COAGULATION;
• mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa laabu;
• adakarị ule.

Ozi enwetara site na iji ụzọ dị iche iche nke na-adakarị laabu nchọpụta nsogbu, na-egosipụta na N'ezie nke ọrịa na ngwa, cellular na molekụla etoju. N'ihi na nke a, dọkịta bụ ike ịchọpụta na-daa ọrịa ma ọ bụ iji chọpụta ihe ndị N'ihi mgbe ekenịmde ọgwụgwọ.

ihe aga-eme

Laboratory nchoputa e mere ime ndị na-esonụ aga-eme:

• na-aga n'ihu search maka ma na-amụ ụzọ ọhụrụ nke analysis of ndu ihe onwunwe;
• analysis of ịrụ ọrụ nke niile na akụkụ na usoro nke onye na-eji ẹdude ụzọ;
• nchọpụta nke a enweghị nchịkwa usoro ya nile nkebi;
• elekọta mmepe nke daa ọrịa;
• Interpretation of ọgwụ;
• kpọmkwem definition nke nchoputa.

Ma isi ọrụ nke a na-adakarị laabu bụ inye ọgwụ ọmụma banyere biomaterial analysis rụpụtara na-jiri ya tụnyere nkịtị ụkpụrụ.

Iji ụbọchị, 80% niile ọmụma dị oké mkpa maka nchoputa na nlekota nke ọgwụgwọ, na-enye na-adakarị laabu.

Ụdị ule ihe

Laboratory nchoputa - ọ bụ a ụzọ nke inweta ọmụma a pụrụ ịdabere na-amụ otu ma ọ bụ karịa ụdị mmadụ ndu ihe onwunwe:

• Venous ọbara - weere ọbara analysis site na nnukwu akwara (predominantly na gbagọrọ agbagọ nke n'ikpere aka).
• Ọbara ọbara - ọtụtụ mgbe weere nwale nke CBS (acid-isi) nke nnukwu veins (tumadi si ebe apata ma ọ bụ n'okpuru clavicle).
• Capillary ọbara - weere a dịgasị iche iche nke ọmụmụ si mkpịsị aka.
• Plasma - ọ na-akawanye ọbara site centrifugation (ie ya nkewa n'ime mmiri).
• Ọbara - Blood plasma mgbe mwepụ nke fibrinogen (a akụrụngwa, nke bụ ihe na-egosi na ọbara clotting).
• Morning mmamịrị - aga nri mgbe aza elu, na-zubere maka n'ozuzu analysis.
• The kwa mmamịrị - mmamịrị, nke na-anakọtara na a tank n'ụbọchị.

nkebi

Laboratory nchoputa na-agụnye ndị na-esonụ:

• preanalytical;
• gbasara nyocha;
• postanalytical.

Preanalytical adọ-agụnye:

• Nnabata ya na iwu nke onye chọrọ iji dozie analysis.
• Documentation nke ọrịa anya na a ọgwụ owuwu.
• Akara Mbinye aka akpa na ndị ọzọ na containers (e.g., mmamịrị) na ọnụnọ nke ndidi. Ha n'aka nlekọta ahụ ike etinyere aha na ụdị analysis - na data o nwere ikwu mkpu iji gosi na ha mere eme site na onye ọrịa.
• Ụdi nhazi nke biomaterial weere.
• Nchekwa.
• Transportation.

Gbasara nyocha na-adọ - a usoro kpọmkwem amụ ndu ihe onwunwe nwetara na laabu.

Postanalytical ogbo na-agụnye:

• N'usoro ichikota na-arụpụta.
• Interpretation n'ime ya pụta.
• Formation nke a akụkọ nwere: onye ọrịa data, onye rụrụ-amụ ihe, ọgwụ na ahụ ike eweta, laabu, ụbọchị na oge nke nlele nke ndu ihe onwunwe, na nkịtị na-adakarị ókè, na-arụpụta ná nkwubi okwu na-ekwu.

ụzọ

Isi ụzọ nke laabu nchoputa bụ physicochemical. Ha zuru oke mejupụtara n'ọmụmụ ihe a na-e maka mmekọrịta nke ya dị iche iche Njirimara.

Anụ ahụ na chemical ụzọ na-ekewa n'ime:

• ngwa anya;
• electrochemical;
• chromatography;
• Kinetic.

The kasị ngwa anya usoro na-eji na-adakarị omume. Ọ mejupụtara na gwara ìhè doo mgbanwe, na-agafe na-amụ kwadebere site biomaterial.

Nke abụọ kasị elu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nyochara bụ a chromatographic usoro.

ekwe omume nke njehie

Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta na-adakarị laabu nchọpụta nsogbu - a ụdị nnyocha, nke usoro nwere ike ịbụ emehie ihe.

Onye ọ bụla laabu ga-onwem na elu-edu ngwaọrụ, analysis ga-rụrụ site etozu.

Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, ọtụtụ n'ime njehie gua preanalytical adọ - 50-75%, na gbasara nyocha - 13-23% na postanalytical - 9-30%. Ịgachi ndokwa ka iji belata likelihood nke njehie na onye ọ bụla na ogbo nke laabu nnyocha.

Clinical laabu nchọpụta nsogbu - nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ihe ọmụma a pụrụ ịdabere na ụzọ iji nweta ihe ọmụma banyere ahụ ike nke ahu. Na ya enyemaka ọ bụ ike mata ọ bụla ọrịa na nzọụkwụ mbụ ma na-adọ jikoro ilebara ha.