Radieshon nchedo

Na ìhè nke na-adịbeghị anya ọdachi na Ukrainian Chernobyl na Japanese Fukushima-1 na Fukushima-2, radieshon nchedo ghọrọ fọrọ nke nta ọzọ nsogbu zuru ụwa ọnụ nke mmadụ. Afọ 50 gara aga radioactivity bụ ụfọdụ nkịtị onwunwe nke ụfọdụ chemical ọcha, ugbu a nke n'amaghi nuclear ire ere ọbụna mara na-amụrụ ihe, n'ihi na nke ahụ, na banyere ihe ize ndụ nke radieshon.

The kasị dị ize ndụ nke Alfa, beta na gamma ụzarị nwere ike ime ka oké njọ mmebi niile owuwu nke aru (radieshon ọrịa), malignancy, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọrịa na ọnwụ (nnukwu radieshon ọrịa).

Dabere ụdị nke radieshon, na ịdị iche iche na radieshon nchedo gị n'ụlọnga, ka onye ọ bụla urughuru e ji ya na-abami ike. N'ihi ya, Alfa-ahụ na-enwe a kacha imetụta, Otú ọ dị, adịghị banye n'ime ọbụna site nkịtị mpempe akwụkwọ. Ghara Inwe ndị beta ụzarị ike ịbụ iko. Ma gamma radieshon nwere nnukwu abami ike. Echebe site ya site na iji a ụzọ ma ọ bụ ígwè efere.

radieshon nchedo agụnye ọ bụghị nanị a anụ ahụ ihe mgbochi n'etiti onye na isi iyi nke radieshon ahụ. Redioaktivu ahụ mfe banye n'ime n'ime ahu site na akụkụ okuku ume na tract, nke digestive tract.

Ụzọ iji chebe megide radieshon, dabere na obibia na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ ụdị:

• Time. Dabere na oge gafeworonụ kemgbe mgbawa nke a nuclear mberede, radieshon dose dịgasị ukwu: n'ihi na 2.5-3 afọ ya na-belata banyere 100 ugboro.
• The otu na-achị na-emetụta ndị anya si radieshon iyi ma ọ bụ hypocenter. Na-amụba anya si ebe oria a kachaa nke 2 ugboro na radieshon larịị na-ebelata ka 4 ugboro.
• Mechanical mgbochi e kwuru n'elu, dị ka a ọma radieshon nchebe. Ma ọ bụghị mgbe o kwere omume iji chọpụta nke bụ radieshon anyị nwere ime, ya mere ka mma ojiji nke eluigwe na ala na-egbochi (nke Otú ọ dị, adịghị echebe megide gamma ụzarị, ma naanị imeda ha): brick ma ọ bụ ihe mgbidi dịkarịa ala 40 cm oké, nchara ma ọ bụ ụzọ itunanya nke 8-13 cm, 90 cm ala. The kacha mma na ihuenyo na gamma radieshon bụ mmiri.
• Ke adianade do, e nwere onye nchedo site radieshon. A na-agụnye a ájá nkpuchi na roba uwe (site Alfa radieshon), nkpuchi (beta radieshon), plastic akpa na niile kpughere ebe nke ahu (neutron radieshon).
• Nyere na ụzarị ọkụ nwere ike banye n'ime site na digestive tract, ọ dị mkpa iji chebe megide ya, na mmiri na nri. A mmiri containers ga-anọkwasị, na otu na-emetụta nri na ngwaahịa: ha ga-juru n'ọnụ ke akara polyethylene ma jiri nlezianya na-asa na ọcha mmiri tupu were iji sachap redioaktivu ájá.
• E nwekwara chemical ihe nchebe. N'agbanyeghị izugbe kweere, nke a abụghị ayodiin! Ọ bụrụ na e ke nnukwu quantities, ị ga na-afụ ụfụ gị, ma vitamin okụre na ayodiin na-anara. Ọzọkwa bara uru chelators, mfe nke - ọrụ carbon. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, ọ nwere radioprotective Njirimara tincture nke Eleutherococcus. mercaptoalkylamines dabeere ọgwụ ndị ọgwụ ọjọọ eme kpọmkwem iji chebe megide radieshon.
• N'ihi decontamination nke na-ebupụta nke dị iche iche ihe ma ò were mmiri dị ọcha na ncha ngwọta.

N'oge oge nke nuclear ike ndi mmadu na-akwakọba otu nnukwu ụlọ ahịa nke ihe ọmụma banyere ihe usoro nke ihe nke iche iche nke radieshon, otú e si chebe ha. Otú ọ dị, 100% nchedo radieshon na-adịghị nyere site ọ bụla n'ime ha, n'agbanyeghị na ihe ize ndụ nke a nuclear mgbawa na mbara ala dị nnọọ adị n'ezie na nke ugbu a na-ezughị okè na ọnọdụ nke osisi ime ihe na nnapu mgwoagha azụ mba 'nuclear club'.