The isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan - Nukus. Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan na Uzbekistan dị ka akụkụ nke

Karakalpakstan - Republic na Central Asia, nke bụ akụkụ nke Uzbekistan. A ebube ebe gbara gburugburu desat. Onye na-ahụ Karakalpak Republic kpụrụ na otú? Ebe a na-emi odude? Gịnị bụ na-akpali ebe a, ị pụrụ ịhụ?

Republic na mịrị amị na-elu-osimiri

Ókèala Karakalpakstan dị na ndagwurugwu nke Amu Darya River na esịmde n'igbere mmiri na Aral Sea - ugboro anọ kasị ibu n'ụwa. Nke a Republic of Uzbekistan ghọrọ ọjọọ. Karakalpakstan aghọwo a ebe obibi ọdachi. Na Soviet ụfọdụ, mmiri na-eru n'ime Osimiri Aral malitere iduzi osimiri ka mmiri dee ala gbara osimiri okirikiri ebe. Nke nta nke nta, oké osimiri wee na-eto eto na-emighị emi ma na akọrọ.

Mbụ ke Aral Sea bi site bara uru ụdị azụ, ọtụtụ nke na-eji na fishery. E nwere ọtụtụ azụ osisi na ụlọ mmepụta ihe na. N'ihi na-enweghị ezi uche ji mmiri larịị usen kwa afọ. Sea n'ókèala nta nke nta merie desert, na ọgwụ na-eji na ugbo, debe n'elu, na-eme na salts na ikuku na ebe na-egbu egbu.

Ugbu a ndị Republic of Karakalpakstan a maara dị ka "eli ụgbọ mmiri." N'oge ngwa ngwa ihicha nke oké osimiri, ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri nọgidere guzo na ntụpọ. Ihe mbụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Moinak bụ ugbu a nnukwu nyụrụ arịa, emi odude ke ufọt na-ekpo ọkụ desert omume.

Isi

Karakalpakstan bụ a Ọkaakaa Republic, nke bụ akụkụ nke Uzbekistan. Ịdọrọ si mba, ọ nwere ike na-adabere na nke a referendum. Ọkaakaa ọnọdụ na-enye ohere Karakalpakstan onwe obibi na ndutịm Ọdịdị nke Republic, na-enweghị nkwekọrịta na Uzbekistan.

Karakalpakstan nwere ya ọkọlọtọ, emblem, ukwe na ọbụna a n'usoro ochichi na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. President of Karakalpakstan Erniyazov Musa Tazhetdinovich bụ onyeisi oche aha. The Republic n'ókèala ekewa 14 ebe, a na-akpọ foogu. The isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan - Nukus - bụ a iche iche ndutịm unit. Ọ bụ kasị obodo nke Republic. Ndị ọzọ isi obodo ndị Turtkul Chimbal, Khodjeyli, Beruni, Kungrad na Takhiatash.

Economy dabeere ihe oru ubi na ụlọ ọrụ. Akọ ọka (wheat na osikapa), owu, silk. Ekesa site anụ ụlọ. The obodo bụ naanị soda osisi ke Central Asia, na Kungrad Carbide emepụta Hodzheylise na-a iko factory, isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan nwere USB na marble ụlọ mmepụta ihe.

ọdịdị ala

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị akpali ala nke Central Asia - ọ bụ na-Karakalpakstan. Ebe bụ Republic? Ọ bụ dị na Turan di ala ala, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Uzbekistan. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ya ókè-ala-ya na abụọ na mpaghara nke mba (Navoi na Khorezm). Western, n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ókè nke Republic of Karakalpakstan mbak na Republic of Kazakhstan, n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na Turkmenistan.

Desat ogide ọtụtụ n'ime ókèala ndị Republic, ya bụ 80%. Na n'ebe ugwu bụ Kyzylkum Desert. Ke edere edere akụkụ nke mba na ebe nke Aral Sea, a ọhụrụ desert - Aralkum. Ọ mejupụtara nke ájá na-egbu egbu salts, nke imetụta ahụ ike nke obodo bi na.

Ebe obibi ọdachi budata emetụta ihu igwe nke Republic. Ọ ghọrọ sharply continental na drier. Ke ndaeyo ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ na obere mmiri ozuzo, oyi na oyi na ọ fọrọ nke nta dịghị snow. Na Amu Darya Delta riparian ọhịa na-eto eto. Ndị fọdụrụ n'ime ndị nkịtị desert ahịhịa - osisi na osisi.

History of Karakalpakstan

Na ókèala nke oge a Karakalpak ndị mmadụ dịrị ndụ kemgbe Neolithic ugboro. Ndabere nke Karakalpak agbụrụ ebo Pechenegs wee, nọrọ ebe a ọnụ na Oguz banyere na II-VI ọtụtụ narị afọ BC. The aha ọhụrụ nke agbụrụ bụ n'ihi na-eyi okpu mere nke nwa owu.

Ná mmalite nke XIV narị afọ a kpụrụ Nogai Khanate, nke na-agụnye na Karakalpak. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ ìgwè. Ọnụ na isii na Horde ulus Karakalpak biri Aral Sea region, na 1714 tọrọ ntọala ya Karakalpak Khanate.

Mgbe e meriri ndị Khanate nke Kalmyks nke ndị bi na-aga Tashkent, na akụkụ nke ọ na-anọgide na ala esịmde nke Syr Darya. Emi odude ke ala onu nke osimiri Karakalpak mesịrị na-erubere nke Russian Emperor.

Next Karakalpakstan bụ akụkụ dị iche iche n'ihu ọha entities. Na 1917, ọ na-aghọ akụkụ nke Kazakh ASSR, mgbe ahụ ọ na-akọ ozugbo na Socialist Russia. Na 1932, ọ kpụrụ Karakalpak ASSR. Na 1936, ndị Soviet ghọrọ akụkụ nke Uzbek SSR, mgbe Soviet Union ekpe Karakalpakstan kwurula Republic n'ime Uzbekistan, na ịbanye a nkwekọrịta maka afọ 20.

bi

Na Karakalpakstan banyere 1.8 nde mmadụ. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi n'obodo ukwu na n'ime ime obodo ndị bi banyere hà, ma bi n'ime ime obodo ka na-karịa. Na ókèala nke Autonomous Republic of kasị ukwuu ọtụtụ ndụ na Karakalpak akụkụ nke Uzbekistan (banyere 500 puku). Ha ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ banyere 600 puku. A obere akụkụ nke ndị dị ndụ na Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan na Russia.

Number nke Uzbek na Karakalpak Republic of Karakalpakstan bụ fọrọ nke nta ahụ. Kazakhs bụ atọ agbụrụ njupụta. N'ime Republic e nwere mba abụọ na-asụ asụsụ: Uzbek na Karakalpak. Karakalpak asụsụ nwere ihe myirịta na Kazakh, nke na-akpatakarị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị bi na. The isi okpukpe Sunni Islam.

na-adọrọ mmasị na Soviet

Karakalpakstan akpọ mgbe ochie idobere. E nwere ihe itoolu mgbe ochie saịtị, dika mmezi nke Toprak-Kala, nke adị n'oge si m na IV narị afọ AD. Ọzọ mmezi, Dzhanpyk Kala, adị na ókèala nke Republic na IX-XI narị afọ.

N'etiti archeological ncheta - oge ochie ebe e wusiri ike Kyzyl-Kala, Big Guldunsur, Janbas Kala. Ikpeazụ adị tupu oge anyị na bụ a ncheta nke omenala Khorezm. E nwekwara ọtụtụ ebe ofufe. Otu n'ime ha Koykrylgan Kala. Nke a cylindrical ụlọ ruo 80 mita elu, nke e ji na-efe Zoroastrians, mgbe e mesịrị ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe mgbaàmà ụlọ elu.

E wezụga ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-adọrọ mmasị, e nwekwara eke na mba. Mbụ na-Osimiri Aral na-fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam ghọọ a desert eli ụgbọ mmiri na mbụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Moinak na Kyzylkum desert. Next na osimiri Amu Darya bụ a idobere Badai Tugay.

isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan

Nukus emi odude na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Amu Darya River na akụkụ nke mba. The isi obodo ọ mgbe nile, n'ihi na a ogologo oge ọrụ a na-rụrụ site obodo Turktkul. The isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan gbanwere na 1933.

The obodo bụ n'ụlọ ka banyere mmadụ 300,000 bi. Ọ bụ kasị na mba. The ukara ụbọchị nke ya guzobere bụ afọ 1860, ọ bụ ezie na na-eme nnyocha na-ekwu na Nukus - a obodo na a ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme. The niile na obodo dị na n'oge ochie. Na IV BC. e. IV na n. e. ebe e Shurcha nkera, wuru bi na nke Khorezm Khanate.

The Aral Sea ọ bụghị n'ebe dị, otú Nukus (Karakalpakstan) nwetara-emerụ mmetụta nke ọdachi. Capital si n'akụkụ niile gbara ya gburugburu desat nke Karakum, Kyzylkum na Ustyurt Aralkum - a nkume desert. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ndị isi obodo nke Republic gbara desert, Nukus - n'obodo greenery na okooko osisi.

nkiri Nukus

The isi obodo nke Karakalpakstan enweghị a otutu echefu echefu ebe. The isi na-adọrọ mmasị na obodo bụ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie. Otu n'ime ha bụ Museum nke Art aha mgbe IV Savitsky, raara nye Russian avant-garde sere nke XX narị afọ. Ọ a maara dị ka History Museum Berdakh. Ya ngosi ọnọde dị iche iche gwupụtara n'ala na mba.

Nso n'obodo bụ Chilpyk okpukpe ụlọ, wuru na II na narị afọ AD. Ọ na-emi odude a ugwu 30 mita na ịdị elu na nwere udi nke ihe na-emeghe mgbaaka onye n'obosara bụ mkpokọta 70 mita.

N'agbata Nukus na obodo ahụ bụ ihe owuwu mgbagwoju Hodzheylis Mizdahkan. Ọ na-ezo aka na ihe ochie na saịtị, dị ka ọ na e wuru na IV narị afọ BC na kere ruo XIV narị afọ BC. The mgbagwoju na-ekpuchi ihe abụọ na narị abụọ hectare. Ya isi akụkụ, ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ili, na-atọ ugwu nta nile.

ọgwụgwụ

Ntọala nke Republic of Karakalpakstan bụ Asian mba Karakalpak. The mbụ mmụta ọha na eze nke ndị mmadụ nwere ike-atụle Karakalpak Khanate kere XVIII narị afọ. Ugbu a Karakalpakstan bụ akụkụ nke Uzbekistan. A Nukus bụ isi obodo.

A nnukwu ebe nke Republic kpuchie site desat. Otu n'ime ha na-guzobere n'ihi nke ihicha nke Osimiri Aral. Na ya ebe bụ ugbu a a ọhụrụ desert Aralkum. Otú ọ dị, desert ebe - ọ bụghị ihe niile Karakalpakstan. People na mpaghara a biri na ihe oge ochie ugboro, otú e nwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbe ochie na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha pụtara tupu oge.