Tower Bridge na London: nkọwa, akụkọ ihe mere eme, e ji mara na-akpali eziokwu

Bridge Tower Bridge bụ otu n'ime kaadị azụmahịa nke London na UK dị ka a dum na a par na Buckingham Obí na wheel "London Eye" Ferris. Age Ọdịdị gafere maka otu narị afọ. Otú ọ dị, mmiri bụ ka mma, na-ekpo ọkụ na-akpali ọha na eze, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ihe magburu onwe ọrụ mbụ ya ọrụ.

Location akwa

Tower Bridge na London (Tower Bridge na English) na-mgbagwoju anya na London, bụ nke dị ubé n'elu iyi. Hibere, abụọ ndị a owuwu bụ nnọọ bụghị yiri, ma n'ihi na ha ebe na-mgbagwoju anya. N'ezie, mgbe okwu nke mbụ akwa nnọọ a bit na-emetụta aha Ya, na ihe nile na-aghọ doro anya. Tower na ọ na-aha ya bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na-emi odude ke ozugbo visiniti nke ila n'ebe ugwu mben Thames, na Tower nke London. Na foto dị n'okpuru ị pụrụ ịhụ London Bridge.

Location nrụtụ: 51 ° 30'20 "na. w. 0 Celsius 04'30 "W. d. Tower Bridge bụ oké ọnọdụ. Si nnukwu windo nke ya gallery na sinik echiche nke obodo a recognizable skyscraper utu aha "kukumba" na-ewu The Shard. Gbanwere ya anya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'akụkụ, ị pụrụ ịhụ Greenwich Observatory na docks St. Catherine.

Tower Bridge: Description

The àkwà mmiri bụ a drawbridge na nghọta na n'otu oge ahụ. Ogologo ya bụ 244 m na kacha obosara (na etiti na-adịru) esịmde 61 m. The etiti akụkụ nke mmiri na-kewara abụọ n'ibuli nku, ọ bụla nke ji ihe karịrị otu puku tọn. N'ihi na amaokwu nke ụgbọ mmiri na-abịa na Thames, ha nwere ike a ga-akpọlite na n'akuku nke 83 degrees. Na etiti na-akwado akwa arụnyere ụlọ elu 65 m elu. On n'elu larịị nke ha jikọọ abụọ tracks. Ha na-e ịgbagha kwụ erughị ala agha na ike na-kwụsịtụrụ òkè nke mmiri Tower Bridge na ala. Ke ukot nke ọ bụla ụlọ elu enịm n'usoro ígwè.

The ugbu a na agba atụmatụ nke mmiri (acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha ọcha) e kuchiri na 2010. Tupu nke a, ọ agbanwebeghị kemgbe 1977, mgbe nsọpụrụ nke silver jubilii nke Queen Elizabeth II imewe ese na-atọ na agba:-acha anụnụ anụnụ, red na-acha ọcha.

The oche nke mmiri bụ na-emeghe ka okporo ụzọ, na pedestrians. Otú ọ dị, ejima elu, na egwu na elu larịị na engine ụlọ nke Victorian oge bụ akụkụ nke Tower Bridge Ngosi. Na ịga na saịtị ndị a bụ omume na tiketi.

History nke e kere eke

Nkera nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 19 ka ndị ji mmepe nke region na ịrị elu nke East End. Na-agafe agafe na equestrian okporo ụzọ ụba ọtụtụ ugboro na njikọ na nke a na-etozu okè na nzukọ nke agafe Thames n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke London Bridge. Na 1870, n'okpuru osimiri ọwara tọrọ Tower na ụzọ ụgbọ oloko. Dị ka ụgbọ oloko, o jere ozi a mkpirikpi na-emecha malitere ga-eji nanị site pedestrians. Ugbu a, ọ na-emi odude mmiri isi. N'ihi ya, ọwara adịghị edozi nsogbu, ya mere na 1876 a pụrụ iche otu n'okpuru idu ndú nke Sir A.D.Altmana, nke nwere ịhụ ụzọ nke na-agafe osimiri e guzobere.

The Committee mara ọkwa a mpi, nke ada ọnụ karịa 50 oru ngo. The eto eto a mara ọkwa na 1884, ma mgbe ahụ kpebiri-ewu a akwa Tower Bridge (English - Tower Bridge). Construction e ikike site Act of nzuko omeiwu na 1885. Ọ kọwara size nke mmiri, dị ka nke ọma dị ka imewe style - Gothic.

Iwuli a akwa

Ewu nke mmiri, aha mgbe Tower malitere na 1886 na e kere afọ asatọ. N'oge a, anyị na-ada akụkụ na usoro nke ise bụ isi na ngo: D. Jackson, Baron Armstrong, William Webster, H. Bartlett na W. Arorol. Na-ewu ihe owuwu nke 432 ndị aka. Mkpokọta na-eri nke mmiri n'oge dịrị 1184 puku. Pound. The ewu were ihe karịrị 11 puku. Ise ígwè.

Official oghere nke Bridge Tower Bridge wee ebe on June 30, 1894 Mgbe a ememe gara site na Prince of Wales (n'ọdịnihu King Edward VII) na nwunye ya Alexandra nke Denmark.

Ugbua ke akpa afọ nke ya na ime walkways n'etiti ụlọ elu nke mmiri nweela a mkpari aha dị ka a ndo pickpockets na akwụna. Ebe ọ bụ na ha na-adịkarịghị eji nkịtị pedestrians, ha nọ na-emechi na 1910. The ọhụrụ meghere gallery naanị na 1982. Taa, ọ na-eji dị ka a na-ekiri n'elu ikpo okwu na ihe ngosi nka.

Hydraulic Bridge System

Tower Bridge, dị ka e kwuru n'elu, nwere a Central Itie, kewara abụọ n'ibuli nku. Ha na-ebili na n'akuku nke 83 degrees. Ekele counterbalance na ebelata mgbalị, mmiri nwere ike diluted nanị otu nkeji. Adịru na-chụpụrụ site a haịdrọlik usoro. Ọ bụ na mbụ a mmiri na ike nke na-arụ ọrụ nsogbu nke 50 mmanya. Mmiri n'ọdọ abụọ uzuoku engines, nke nwere a ngụkọta ikike 360 lita. Nke a usoro mepụtara Hamilton Randall Owen.

Hydraulic usoro na a gas ọkụ usoro e arụnyere site William Sugg & Co Ltd, a maara nke ọma na Westminster. Flashlights na-achakwa si ibido oghe gas burners n'ime ha. Mgbe e mesịrị, usoro emelitere-oge a incandescent oriọna.

The haịdrọlik usoro e n'ụzọ zuru ezu emelitere ruo 1974. The naanị akụrụngwa na ka na-eji taa na-ikpeazụ gia. Ha na-achịkwa a oge a haịdrọlik moto na Kwadobe ebe mmanụ a na-eji kama mmiri. Original usoro e ikpe chebere. ha na-adịghị eji ugbu a na-emeghe ka ọha na eze, na-enye ihe ndabere maka ihe ngosi nka, nke nwere a àkwà mmiri na London Tower Bridge.

modernization nke akwa

Na 1974, a malitere ịrụ ọrụ dochie ochie mbụ usoro ụgbọala electrohydraulic usoro. Na 2000, a oge a na kọmputa usoro wụnye ịkpọlite ma na ala na-akwado ime akara. Ma n'ezie na ọ ghọrọ-apụghị ịdabere na, na dị ka a N'ihi a àkwà mmiri ugboro ugboro rapaara na-emeghe ma ọ bụ mechiri emechi ọnọdụ, mgbe 2005 e dochie ya sensọ.

Na 2008-2012. Bridge agbanweela facelift ma ọ bụ, dị ka ọ na-akpọ na pịa, "facelift". Usoro were afọ anọ na-eri £ 4 nde. Ẹdude agba na ihe owuwu e ehichapu ala iferi metal. Iji ya residues adịghị ịdaba Thames, onye ọ bụla akwa ngalaba kpuchie n'ọhịa na plastic film. The imewe e ese na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha ọcha. Ke adianade do, akwa nweela a ọhụrụ ọkụ imewe.

akwa management

Iji ihe n'ụzọ dị irè jikwaa ma mezie osimiri akwa ije, na-eji usoro nke iwu na n'ókè. N'ehihie akara e rụrụ na-enyemaka nke a red semaphore, nke arụnyere na obere cabins na abụọ nke mmiri piers. N'abalị, acha ọkụ e ji: abụọ red - Itie a na-emechi na abụọ green - mmiri bụ na-emeghe. Na kefoogu ihu igwe ọkụ so Gong.

-Agafe àkwà mmiri nke ogige, kwa, anyị nwere na-egosipụta ụfọdụ n'ókè. N'ehihie na ọ bụ a nwa bọl a n'obosara dịkarịa ala 0,61 mita, atọrọ na a elu inweta anya. N'abalị na otu ntụpọ udo red ọkụ. Na kefoogu weather chọrọ multiple n'ókè uzuoku igbu ụgbọ mmiri.

Part nke na-agba ama na ngwá ẹnịm na ugbu a, ọ na-anọchi anya na ihe ngosi nka.

-Akpali mmasị, àkwà mmiri ahụ ihe karịrị otu narị afọ, ọ bụ a na-ekpo ọkụ n'ebe ekele ya ọtụtụ ndị njem na ka retains a nnukwu eruba n'ime okporo ụzọ. Kwa ụbọchị ya obe karịa 40 puku. People (pedestrians, na-agba ígwè, ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala). Iji nọgide na-bughi eziokwu, e nwere a ịgba ọsọ nke njem na akwa - karịa 32 km / h - na ibufe ibu - ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 18 tọn.

Na mbụ ụfọdụ, akwa e meghere on a kwa ụbọchị na ihe karịrị otu ugboro. Ugbu a, ruo n'okpuru ha, a ga-amara gị ọkwa 24 awa tupu. Oghere oge a na-ebipụta na ukara website. Njem free.

The aha nke mmiri na ọdịdị ya maara na gburugburu ụwa, na na-eji ya maka mgbasa ozi na nzube. Ihe atụ, ọtụtụ agụmakwụkwọ njikọ na-akpọ Tower Bridge. Karịsịa, Moscow azụmahịa alụmdi na kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-amụ English. Iji nwee ihe echiche banyere alụmdi, na-agụ reviews banyere akwụkwọ "Tower Bridge School" hapụrụ ya ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị mụrụ ha.

Public mmeghachi omume mmiri

Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na akwa Tower Bridge, enweghị nke na ugbu a London bụ nanị agaghị ekwe omume ná mmalite narị afọ nke 20, mara mma nke ukwuu katọrọ. Ọ na-akpọ osote bezdelnichestva, falsification na pretension. British artist na mmebe Frank Brangwyn kwuru na ihe uche na-adịghị Ọdịdị mgbe e wuru n'elu putara ighe osimiri ndị dị mkpa.

Ka oge na-aga, ọ gbanwere ọha nghọta nke mmiri. Ugbu a, ọ na-ghọtara site nkiri nke isi obodo. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere na a connoisseur nke ije Dan Cruickshank họrọ ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe anọ ahụ ụlọ ọrụ, nke na-akọwara na ya film "The kasị mma ụlọ nke Great Britain."