Wayo pushonka: eji n'ogige, na n'ogige

Iji nweta ezi owuwe ihe ubi na ubi ma ọ bụ ubi bụghị iji seeding na transplanting seedlings ma ọ bụ. Dị ka n'ugbo na ala n'okpuru ha dị mkpa iji nye ekwesị na-elekọta. Ahụmahụ Gardeners na ifatilaiza ala na mbuso pests, tinyere ndị ọzọ n'aka eji dị iche iche ọgwụ. Otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu bụ lime pushonka. The ubi na kichin ubi na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-ekpebi mkpa maka ngwá ọrụ.

Gịnị bụ lime pushonka? Ka o nwere ike bara uru iji hụ na nkịtị uto nke akwukwo nri na Horticultural ubi? Gịnị bụ atụmatụ nke ya ngwa? Ka anyị gbalịa ịghọta ya na isiokwu.

Gịnị bụ lime pushonka?

Maka ubi, nke na-nwe-eme subsistence ugbo, na ojiji nke kwesịrị ekwesị calcium lime (organic okwu), nke a na-ekewa abụọ na ụdị:

• (CaO) Quicklime;
• (Ca (OH) 2) slaked wayo.

Ma ụdị dị mma maka ụmụ mmadụ na osisi (n'okpuru iwu nke were na ezi uche ọgwụgwọ).

Calcium lime na-eji dị ka ihe mmako na nri ụlọ ọrụ (kpọrọ E-529). Ọ bụ ngwaahịa nke nhazi nke nzu, na nkume nzu na ndị ọzọ na mineral, carbonate otu. Hibere bụ a na-acha ọcha ntụ ntụ soluble n'ime mmiri. Isi rock na-akpụ ọcha - dolomite na calcite.

Wayo pushonka: ngwa

Ndị bekee na-ọma mara dị ka irè n'aka maka udia akwukwo nri na Horticultural ubi. Ha na-ọtụtụ-eji nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ (ubi), oru ubi na onwe ezinụlọ.

Ma naanị na dị ka mmiri nke wayo na-eji maka ọgwụgwọ nke osisi na-echebe ha si pests na ọrịa, na-aka mma ala àgwà.

Gịnị ka "quicklime"?

Pushonka - na slaked wayo, nke bụ ngwa ngwa dị n'ebe obibi nke ihe ndị nkịtị quicklime.

Quenching usoro a mmeghachi omume nke lime ntụ ntụ na mmiri, oge nke nke bụ naanị nkeji ole na ole. N'oge na mmekọrịta ndị a components na-ewe ebe a ụdị "agbaze" lime - nhazi ya na a ihe adaba na nchebe maka ngwa iji nwaa osisi udi. Ọ ga-obubu onye caveat: Nlụpụta a slaked wayo, ọ gaghị ekwe omume iji mmiri ọkụ dị ka elu okpomọkụ ọmụmụ enyere neutralize bara uru Njirimara nke ngwaahịa.

Banyere atụmatụ na uru nke eji lime maka ubi

Site edida Vishnjakova, wayo nwere bekee ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka calcium, potassium na magnesium. potassium oxide ụdị na-adị mfe etinye obi gị dum site na osisi. A nnukwu òkè mejupụtara nke nkume nzu bụ calcium.

Ọ maara na ọtụtụ osisi enweghị ike ịnabata ngafe calcium. Ma, ọ dị oké mkpa na mkpa ndụ Filiks na osisi ntule. Ọnụnọ nke calcium na ala dị mkpa: ọ na-eme ndị nwụrụ ion na-eme ka na-enye a mma larịị nke mmeghachi omume na-ajụ.

Calcium ọrụ:

• Ọ na-echebe akuku osisi sitere ọrịa ma na-ewusi ha dịghịzi usoro;
• activates ọrụ nke nodule bacteria na -ekpetekwa ke ala nitrogen-abịa site na ikuku na mgbọrọgwụ n'oge echikwapụ, nke ka mma nke osisi oriri na-edozi, enwekwu ha iguzogide dị iche iche na-emerụ ihe;
• mma carbohydrate iga na nsụkọrọ;
• ọcha hụrụ mma mgbasa na mmiri;
• Ọ na-akwalite mma mgbọrọgwụ mmepe, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na usoro.

Components nke wayo mmiri dị oké mkpa maka osisi oriri na-edozi.

A na njikọ dị oké mkpa pushonka wayo, ojiji n'ogige nke a kọwara n'isiokwu, guzobe compost. Calcium bụ a mkpali na activates ọrụ nke bara uru microorganisms ndị na-amị nitrogen si organic na mineralize ya. Ke adianade do, ya accelerates decomposition nke organic okwu na guzobe humus.

The ike belata acidity nke ala - otu n'ime ndị kasị bara uru Njirimara, nke nwere a lime pushonka. Ya ngwa n'ogige na kichin ubi na-eme ọ bụghị nanị iji normalize topsoil mmeghachi omume, ma na-mma ya chemical mejupụtara. Ọ neutralizes nsí ọla - manganese, ígwè na aluminum.

Pushonka wayo, na-eji na ubi, na ubi bụ maka normalisation nke chemical mejupụtara nke ala a na-niile mara na Gardeners, a mmetụta dị mma na ala Ọdịdị, na-eme ka ọ na ihe na lumpy na obere rụrụ.

Olee mgbe eji liming?

Wayo na-arụsi ọrụ eji na agriculture maka iche iche na nzube. The kasị akpa ndị a bụ neutralization nke ala acidity. N'ihi na nke a usoro, jiri wayo pushonka. The ojiji na ubi (ngwa ọnụego e gosiri n'okpuru) emee na-akwanyere ndị dị otú ahụ oge:

• Liming na-emekarị rụrụ ozugbo ọ bụla 4-5 afọ;
• na ala, doro kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ were - otu na afọ 3.

Olee otú iji chọpụta ụba acidity nke ala?

Iji chọpụta ogo "souring" akwa (ụba acidity nke ala) kwesịrị ntị ka ụfọdụ nke eyi ihe ịrịba ama nke na ala "n'ókè" banyere mgbanwe ndị na ya chemical mejupụtara:

• ntoputa nke green akpaetu na n'ọnụ nke ụwa;
• uto nke horsetail na sage, kloovu, rosemary, Heather, sọrel, Belousov, na-akpụ akpụ buttercup.

The ọnụnọ na ala ndị a akpọghị akpọ ọbịa - a ihe ịrịba ama nke ihe dị mkpa ebe a pushonka wayo, na-eji na ubi nke na-emepụta karị na kenyere usoro onunu ogwu.

Ọzọkwa, a mara mma nke acidity bụ:

• whitish, dị ka a oyi akwa nke ashy, ụgha n'elu;
• ogbenye ibu biiti, wheat.

Kpebisie ike na acidity nwere ike iji akwụkwọ na-egosi na a na-ere ke ọpụrụiche na-echekwa.

Mere ọgụ na mgba na ụba acidity nke ala?

Gbara ụka ala bụ ebe na-emerụ bacteria na fungi. Bara uru microorganisms na acid ala na-egosi na ezughi oke quantities.

On acidic ala na-emekarị na-etolite a otutu ata. Cultivars agụghị oké emegharị na gburugburu ebe dị otú. Na-adịghị ike mgbọrọgwụ usoro amalite, bụ nke na-eduga n'ọnwụ nke osisi.

A elu onye Onyenwe anyị + larịị-egosi ihe ubara larịị n'ala nke hydrogen ion. Mgbe njikọta amalite na mmeghachi omume nke hydrogen ha, nke na-atọghata ha mejupụtara, na-eme na-abaghị uru n'ihi na osisi. Ebu deoxidation ala n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ spring enyere ibelata manganese na aluminum. Magnesium, nitrogen, molybdenum, site, calcium ga-adade ke chọrọ ego.

Ngwa udu nke lime ke ala

Ntọt zaa kwesịrị ka lime pushonka. The ojiji na n'ogige, na onunu ogwu ga izute ụkpụrụ nke ngwa:

• arọ ụrọ Ona: 450-800 g / sq. m;
• ìhè Ona, loams, clays: 350-600 g / sq. m;
• nnọọ ìhè, aja Ona: 250-500 g / sq. m.

Ngafe mgbasa ọnụego bụ emerụ osisi. Oke alkaline ala ebelata digestibility nke osisi kasị mkpa Chọpụta ọcha, karịsịa calcium. N'aka nke ọzọ, ndị ogbenye mma nke lime nwere ike mere site mmeghe nke lime n'ime ala ọnụ na nri. Mgbe nke a emee guzobe unyi anaghị agbasa na ogige, nke na-abaghị uru n'ihi na osisi. Akwukwo nri n'ubi na-na-amalite na-enweta a ụkọ mkpa nri na enyela a mma owuwe ihe ubi.

Ka lime na ala?

Ndenye lime na-atụ aro na-akwụghachi. Iji mee nke a, ọ na-ground n'ime a ntụ ntụ na moisten na mmiri. Powdered slaked wayo na-agwakọta ya na ala.

Mgbe na wayo?

Mgbụsị akwụkwọ lime pushonka (eji n'ogige kọwara isiokwu) na ẹkenam n'ime ala mgbe egwu ala na a na-ele na ya zuru liming.

N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ igwu ala (ịkọ) ala na-ọzọ họọrọ, karịsịa mgbe na-akwadebe maka agha mkpụrụ akwukwo nri n'oge. Ọ ga-malitere ozugbo mgbe owuwe ihe ubi na wepụ remnants nke mgbọrọgwụ na akwụkwọ ndụ. Mgbe ebe ikposa fatịlaịza evenly. Shọvel ala strata ga-tụgharịa ka a agbasara n'elu oyi akwa pụtara na ala na bughi ala - n'elu. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ọ na-adịghị na-atụ aro iji tipịasịa clods na leveling n'elu - mere mmiri na ala mma chebere.

Isi ọgwụgwọ a rụrụ ka a omimi nke 22-30 cm, a perennial akwukwo nri n'ubi ahu - 35-40 cm.

Areas na-emighị emi topsoil oyi akwa achọ egwu ala subsurface ala na imekotaotuugbo ngwa nke lime na organic fatịlaịza:

• mgbe na-egwu ala wepụrụ topsoil na podzol (subsurface ala) tọpụ ka a omimi nke 1-2 cm;
• e na-kwukwara lime (150 g / sq m.);
• tọpụ oyi akwa kpaliri na tụụrụ ala;
• mere organic fatịlaịza (8-10 kg / sq.);
• furrow jupụtara n'elu oyi akwa ala.

Kwa afọ podryhleniya fatịlaịza na ala na-abawanye arable topsoil.

Mara ụsụụ ndị agha na ịna lime pushonka. The ojiji nke mmiri na ubi na-ekwe omume. Ọ na-webata ala a obere ego n'okpuru ìhè igwu ala, ukwuu n'ime n'okpuru ndị ọkụkụ ndị na-na-karịsịa na-egbu mgbu iji zaghachi ụba acidity nke ala: yabasị na garlic, letus, mọstad, tonip, radish, kabeeji. The usoro a na-eme a izu tupu transplanting na seeding.

N'oge opupu ihe ubi, ọ dị mkpa ịnọgide na-enwe ala mmiri. Iji malite ọgwụgwọ, ọbụna mgbe ọ bụ n'ala ooh ma adịghị arapara shọvel, na bụ ike tisaa n'ime nta lumps.

Na ngwa nke wayo, na fatịlaịza

Wayo powder lime nwere ike etinyere ọnụ na organic nri. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ mgbochi ga-hụrụ n'otu oge:

• Ọ na-adịghị atụ aro ka mix nzu, ciment ájá, wayo, marl, travertine nkume nzu, dolomite;
• na eke fatịlaịza na-ekwe ka mix nanị organic calcium (ala na nkume nzu).

igbo akara

Irè nchedo ata bụ pushonka wayo. Jiri n'ogige ata dị ka o kwesịrị ekwesị, ma ọ bụrụ na ala bụ kwa acidic na saịtị. Ọ na-emekarị na-etolite ka ahihia-egosi dị ka osisi igwu. Ọ bụ nnọọ tenacious, otú obibi ya na-enyemaka nke n'ibu n'aka (weeding) siri ike. Irè ụzọ ịchịkwa Erere chinchi bụ ike chasiri ọnọdụ ata. Iji mee nke a, na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ egwu ala ala ka na nzu, uyi ma ọ bụ wayo. Site mbenata acidity nke ala Multiped akwụsị.

Jiri nke lime (200 g / sq. M) bụ detrimental ọtụtụ ata tinyere Equisetum na wheatgrass.

On na-agha megide wireworm

Wireworm (ebe larvae, wireworms) bụ nke kasị dị ize ndụ ajọ nke akwukwo nri ubi. Na-alụ ọgụ ọ na-enye maka amanyere bụ iwu Nchikota ụzọ dị iche iche jikọtara na mgbochi. Ịlụ Bibie nke a wetara guest ga budata mma mgbọrọgwụ kụrụ: beets, karọt, radishes na poteto. Ileghara n'iru ya na saịtị nwere ike ime ka ngụkọta akuku ọnwụ.

Mma ọnọdụ maka ozuzu wireworm larvae bụ ubara acidity nke ala. Ẹsụhọde ndị acidity na-akpata na nwanyị kwụsị ihe dị otú ahụ gburugburu ebe obibi iji dina àkwá, na ekemende anapụta akụkụ a nke ajọ.

Dị irè n'aka-eme nke a bụ pushonka wayo. The ojiji n'ogige si wireworm envisages-eme ka ọ obere ego (0,5 kg / sq. M) n'ime ala, atọ, re-egwu ala a ụbọchị ole na ole na rewet. Ọ gbakwụnyere ka ash (a ọgụgụ dị nta nke ọ bụla nke ọma).

Ngwa Horticulture

Pushonka oké mkpa na hotikoisho. Ọ na-eji dị ka a deoxidizer na liming nke ala, na n'ihi whitewashing nke osisi na osisi.

Techie - oru oma na ọnụ ụzọ nke na-echebe osisi, site na pests.

Spring whitewash Kporo na-echebe site na oké anyanwụ, nakwa dị ka n'ụra hibernating ụmụ ahụhụ n'ala. Osisi ndị na-anya kwa spring emeso ya na wayo, na-adịghị ebu pests.

Ọtụtụ Gardeners whiten osisi tupu oge oyi. Mgbụsị akwụkwọ pug whitewash na-eme ka nchebe nke a osisi ogwe si a nkọ okpomọkụ mmajijiji. Mmetụta nke ọdịda (mmiri ozuzo, snow) na-eme ka oyi akwa nke whitewash ezughi oke na-echebe megide ụmụ ahụhụ na anyanwụ ekpo oke ọkụ, karịsịa dị ize ndụ na-eto eto seedlings. Ya mere, ọ na-atụ aro ka techie osisi ka mmiri.

Tupu whitewash mkpa iji dozie azuokokoosisi - wepu elu oyi akwa nke nwụrụ anwụ cortical ebe sinuses nwere ọnọdu-abali larvae na ndị okenye nke pests. Bark, jide n'aka na-esure. Mgbe ahụ, osisi na-emeso ya na njikere ngwọta.

Olee igbari lime maka whitewashing?

N'ịbụ mix mmiri:

• ụrọ (300 g);
• mullein akọrọ (1 n'arọ);
• ọla kọpa sulfate (200 g);
• lime (1 n'arọ);
• Mmiri (10 L).

The ngwọta na-ekwe ka zaa. Ọ bụ omume na-amalite nhazi nke osisi 2-3 awa. Na-ekwe nkwa mmetụta dị mma bụ nanị kwe omume na ike idebe Ntụziaka.

Ngwa nke lime efu maka liming nke ala, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ịchịkwa pests na ata na-eme ka inweta elu-edu ma ọgaranya owuwe ihe ubi.