Antimicrobial ọgwụ ọjọọ: otu nnyocha, ngwa na nzaghachi. Ndị kasị dị irè antimicrobial gị n'ụlọnga

Ọgwụ iji na-emeso ọrịa dị iche iche. Na-na-egbochi ha. Ọgwụ kwadebere si akwukwo nri ngwaọrụ, minerals, kemikal, na na. D. Mixtura, ntụ, mbadamba, capsules kenyere na nditịm kọwaa dose. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na antimicrobial ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Gịnị bụ antimicrobials?

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke antimicrobials amalite na nchọpụta nke penicillin. Ọ ọma ọgụ bacteria. Dabere na nke a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị malitere na-emepụta antimicrobials si eke ma ọ bụ sịntetik ogige. Ndị dị otú ahụ ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na-agụnye ke "ọgwụ nje" otu. The antimicrobial gị n'ụlọnga, n'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ, na-egbu microorganisms ọzọ ngwa ngwa na rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Ha were megide dị iche iche dịkwa ka usoro ha, staphylococci na t. D.

Antimicrobials - kasị otu ọgwụ ọjọọ. N'agbanyeghị dị iche iche chemical Ọdịdị na usoro nke-eme ihe, ha na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kpọmkwem Njirimara. Igbu "pests" na mkpụrụ ndụ, ọ bụghị anụ ahụ. Ọrụ nke ọgwụ nje mbelata na oge, n'ihi na dị ka bacteria amalite na-etolite na-eri ahụ.

Types of antimicrobial mmadụ

Antimicrobial ọgwụ ọjọọ na-ekewa atọ dị iche iche. First - nke a bụ eke (d herbs, mmanụ aṅụ, wdg ...).

Nke abụọ - semisynthetic. Ha na-ekewa atọ ụdị:

• Antistaphylococcal penicillins (oxacillin). Ha nwere otu antibacterial ụdịdị dị iche iche dị ka penicillin, ma na nta ọrụ. Tee n'ihi na ndị okenye na ụmụaka.
• Broad-ụdịdị dị iche iche ọgwụ ọjọọ. A na-agụnye "Ampicillin" na-eme na gram-adịghị mma bacteria (Salmonella, wdg D.). N'ihi streptococcal ọ bụ obere ọrụ. Enweghị nnọọ mmetụta na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ bacteria (Klebsiella, pseudomonas aeruginosa , na na. D.). "Amoxicillin" na-emetụta nke abụọ ụdị. Ọ bụ ndị na-eduga na-edeghị ede ọgwụ nje na ụwa. Ma nke [ọgwụ ike ga-ndinọ ka ndị okenye na ụmụaka.
• Pseudomonas penicillins. E nwere ihe abụọ subspecies - carboxy na ureidopenitsilliny.

Nke atọ - sịntetik antimicrobials. Nke a bụ a nnukwu ìgwè ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Sulfonamides. Ọgwụ nke otu a na-ahọpụta, ọ bụrụ na e ekweghị ibe nọrọ na ọgwụ nje ma ọ bụ microflora ha dịghị aza. Ke edinam ha karị karịa sulfonamides ọgwụ ọjọọ. Ndị a gụnyere:

• "Streptocide".
• "Norsulfazol".
• "Sulfadimezin".
• "Urosulfan".
• "Ftalazol".
• "Sulfadimetoksin".
• "Bactrim".

Quinolone emepụta. Ihu ọma, nke a nke ọgwụ ọjọọ na-eji maka na-efe efe nke genitourinary usoro, enterocolitis, cholecystitis, wdg, na-adịbeghị anya ọzọ na ndị ọzọ na-eji ọhụrụ quinolone nkwekọrịta ..:

• "Ciprofloxacin".
• "Norfloxacin".
• "Pefloksatsina".
• "Lomefloxacin".
• "Moxifloxacin".
• "Ofloxacin".

Ọ bụ nke ukwuu antimicrobial mmadụ na-enwe a dịgasị iche iche nke edinam. Ha na-erughị ifịk megide gram-mma bacteria. The antimicrobial gị n'ụlọnga kenyere na-efe efe nke akụkụ okuku ume na urinary tract-efe efe, gastro-nsia tract.

E nwekwara a-atọ ìgwè nke nkwekọrịta nke 8-hydroxyquinoline. Ndị a gụnyere ndị a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ogige nke nwere antifungal, mgbochi parasitic na-emegide nje ọrụ ( "Nitroxoline", "Meksaform", wdg). Nkwekọrịta "nitrofurans" ( "furazolidone" na "Furatsilinom") na "nitroimidazole" ( "Tinidazole" na "Metronidazole").

Olee otú antimicrobials?

Antiinfectives nwere abụọ iche iche nke (na mmetụta):

• "Tsidny" (nje, ọgwụ, ma ọ bụ viri- protozia-). Na nke a na mbibi nke ndị na-efe efe n'ụlọnga.
• "Static" (na otu prefixes). Na nke a, na a ga-kwụsịtụrụ ma ọ bụ kwụsị pathogen multiplication.

Bụrụ na nke mebiri ọgụ họpụtara "tsidnye" ọgwụ ọjọọ. Na ọgwụ nje ga-agbanwe oge ma ọ bụ iji na ndị ọzọ ọgwụ ọjọọ.

Antimicrobials nwere a warara ma ọ bụ a dịgasị iche iche nke omume. Kasị na-efe efe na-kpatara a otu nje. A bụrụ na "obosara" nke ọgwụ ga-bụghị naanị na-erughị irè, ma-emerụ ndị bara uru microflora nke organism. Ya mere, ndị dọkịta idepụta ọgwụ nje na "warara" ụdịdị dị iche iche nke edinam.

antimicrobials

Mgbochi mkpali na mgbochi microbial elekọta mmadụ na-ekewa atọ dị iche iche. Main - bụ ọgwụ nje. Ha na-ekewa n'ime 11 isi ụdị:

• Beta-lactam. E nwere atọ iche iche: A (penicillins) na B (cephalosporins) na B (carbapenems). Nke a sara mbara-ụdịdị dị iche iche ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na bacteriostatic mmetụta. Igbochi protein ụmụ nje, imeda ha nchebe.
• Tetracyclines. Bacteriostatic, isi edinam - mgbochi nke microbial protein njikọ. Ha nwere ike ịbụ na ụdị mbadamba, ointments ( "oletetrin", "tetracycline hydrochloride") ma ọ bụ capsules ( "Doxycycline").
• Macrolides. Emerụ ike n'ezi ihe nke akpụkpọ ahụ site na ịkpọtụrụ abụba.
• Aminoglycosides. Nwere bactericidal edinam mebiri nke protein njikọ.
• Fluoroquinolones. Nwere bactericidal utịp, inhibit nje enzymes. Akpaghasị DNA njikọ ụmụ nje.
• Lincosamides. Bacteriostats ejikọ mmiri microbial akpụkpọ ahụ.
• "Chloramphenicol". Ma ọ bụghị ya - "Chloramphenicol". Ọ nwere nnukwu toxicity na ụmị ọkpụkpụ na ọbara. Ya mere advantageously etinyere topically (dị ka ude).
• "Polymyxin" (M na B). Eme bibiri na gram-adịghị mma na osisi.
• TB. Tumadi eji megide mycobacteria, ma irè n'ihi na a dịgasị iche iche. Ma ọgwụ ndị a na ụkwara nta na-emeso ebe ha na-atụle ga-ejighi oru ( "Rifampicin", "Inh").
• Sulfonamides. Ha nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta, n'ihi ya, na-adịghị eji taa.
• Nitrofurans. Bacteriostats, ma na akwa ịta - bactericides. Eji tumadi na-efe efe: nsia ( "furazolidone" "nifuroxazide" "Enterofuril") na urinary tract ( "FURAMAG" "furadonin").

Nke abụọ otu - bacteriophages. Ha na-ọrụ dị ka ihe ngwọta maka Nde ma ọ bụ ọnụ na (rinsing, ịsa, lotions). The ojiji nke antimicrobial mmadụ ji na otu a na ikpe dysbacteriosis ma ọ bụ anabata na ọgwụ nje.

Ìgwè nke atọ - antiseptik. Ha na-eji disinfection (emerụ ọgwụgwọ, ọnụ na akpụkpọ).

Best antimicrobial

"Sulfamethoxazole" - nke a bụ ihe kasị mma antimicrobial n'ụlọnga. Ọ nwere obosara ụdịdị dị iche iche nke edinam. "Sulfamethoxazole" na-arụ ọrụ megide ọtụtụ microorganisms. Ọ nkanka na metabolism nke bacteria na-egbochi ha amụba na uto. "Sulfamethoxazole" - a Nchikota antimicrobials. Ọ na-zubere maka ọgwụgwọ nke:

• urinary na-efe efe (cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis, pielita, pyelonephritis, gonorrhea na ọrịa ndị ọzọ);
• nnukwu na-adịghị ala ala bronchitis;
• akụkụ okuku ume na tract;
• eriri afọ ọrịa (afọ ọsịsa, ọrịa ọgbụgbọ na ọnyụnyụ, paratyphoid fever, shigellosis, ọrịa ịba ahụ ọkụ, cholecystitis, gastroenteritis, cholangitis);
• ENT-arụ;
• oyi baa;
• otutu;
• chere ihu;
• Juda;
• ọnyá;
• adụ anụ ahụ ahụ etuto;
• otitis media;
• laryngitis;
• meningitis;
• na ịba;
• brucellosis;
• Sinusitis;
• ụbụrụ etuto;
• osteomyelitis;
• septicemia;
• toxoplasmosis;
• South American blastomycosis;
• na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ ọrịa.

The iji "SMZ" ọtụtụ, ma mkpa ịkpọ onye dọkịta, dị ka ihe niile ọgwụ, ọ nwere ọtụtụ contraindications na mmetụta. Ọ dị mkpa inyocha ya ịta na ọbara plasma.

Children antimicrobials

Antimicrobial ọgwụ maka ụmụaka a họọrọ nke ọma, dị ka ọrịa. Ọ bụghị ihe niile ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na-mma maka ọgwụgwọ nke ụmụ.

Group antimicrobial mmadụ nwere ihe abụọ na ụdị ọgwụ ọjọọ:

• Nitrofuranovye ( "furazolidone", "Furatsilinom", "furadonin"). Ha na-ọma inhibit bacteria (streptococcus, Staphylococcus na dị ka. D.) Ma activates dịghịzi usoro. Iji na-emeso urinary tract-efe efe na nsia. Good maka ụmụaka na allergies. N'out oge na ọgwụ ọjọọ na ndị ọzọ họpụtara ascorbic acid.
• Hydroxyquinoline ( "intestopan", "Negro", "enteroseptol", "Nitroxoline"). Ọgwụ ndị a na-egbu ụmụ nje site inhibiting ha mkpa ọrụ (pathogens afọ, ọnyụnyụ ọbara, ịba ahụ ọkụ na na. D.). Eji maka nsia ọrịa. "Nitroxoline" - na urinary tract-efe efe.

Ọ na-eji na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ ọjọọ. Ma ha na-ahọrọ na-adabere na nwa ọrịa. Akacha eji penicillin otu. Dị ka ihe atụ, n'ihi na akpịrị na akpịrị na ndị ọzọ na-efe efe mere site streptococcus "A" na-eji penicillins «G» na «V».

Natural ọgwụ ọjọọ na-kenyere na syphilis, meningococcal ọrịa, Listeriosis, neonatal ọrịa (nke a na-akpọ streptococcus "B"). Na nke ọ bụla, ọgwụgwọ na-kenyere n'otu n'otu, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ tolerability.

Children mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ ọjọọ

Na ọrịa ụmụaka igbunye 3 isi iche iche nke mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ ọjọọ :

• Influenza ( "oxoline", "Alguire"). "Rimantadine" adịghị agafe virus ka mkpụrụ ndụ. Ma onye bụ ugbua ke idem, apụghị ime. Ya mere, ọgwụ kwesịrị iwere na n'oge awa na ọrịa. Na ọ na-eji maka mgbochi nke ụbụrụ (mgbe akọrọ aru).
• Antiherpethetical ( "Zovirax", "Acyclovir").
• Broad-ụdịdị dị iche iche ( "gamma globulin"). Dibazol-akpali dịghịzi usoro, ma nwayọọ nwayọọ. Ya mere, bụ-eji maka mgbochi nke influenza. "Interferon" - ihe endogenous umi na-emepụta ke idem. Ọ activates antiviral protein. N'ihi ya, ọ enwekwu ahụ iguzogide nje. "Interferon" igbochi ọtụtụ ọrịa na-ha nsogbu.

Antimicrobial na mgbochi mkpali eke n'aka

Mbadamba, ngwọta, ntụ na-bụghị mgbe niile na-eji ozugbo. Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ omume na-eji ihe antimicrobial gị n'ụlọnga, nke na-enye ọdịdị, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-adịghị eru na niile tupu prescribing. Ọzọkwa ọtụtụ herbs, infusions na decoctions ike wepu mkpali Filiks. The ndepụta:

• preparations dabere na-atọ ụtọ, rosemary, alder, pine buds;
• okenye extracts nke akpu ogbugbo;
• Infusions oregano;
• St. Jọn wort;
• Hisop officinalis ;
• burnet;
• mountaineer agwọ;
• junipa mkpụrụ;
• thyme;
• garlic;
• sage doo.

Enwere m ike onwe-medicate iji antimicrobials?

Enweghị a dọkịta ọgwụ iji antimicrobials aju maka onwe-ọgwụ. Njọ oke nke ọgwụ nwere ike ime ka allergies ma ọ bụ onye na-abawanye nke ndị bi na ụmụ nje ndị na-adịghị enwe mmetụta ọsọ ọsọ na ọgwụ. E nwere ike ịbụ a goiter. Ịlafere ụmụ nje nwere ike-adịghị ala ala ọrịa, na n'ihi - ọdịdị dịghịzi ọrịa.