Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: usoro nke ihe nke anya tụlee maka glaucoma

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors bụ diuretics, nke na-adịghị eji dị ka diuretics ma ọ bụ mochegonki. Ngosi maka ọgwụ ndị a bụ glaucoma. Ka anyị tụlee ihe nkowa nke kasị ewu ewu na ndị.

Acetazolamide (Acetazolamide)

Ọ nwere mamịrị Njirimara. Akwụsị carbonic anhydrase gbasara akụrụ proximal tubules ebelata reabsorption nke K, Na na mmiri (diuresis akpata ihe abawanye), ọ na-eduga a ọnụ na Bcc na metabolic acidosis. Carbonic anhydrase depresses na ciliary ahụ na-eduga ná a ẹsụhọde nke intraocular mgbali, na-ebelata secretion nke okenye ọchị na ụbụrụ na-akpata antiepileptic ọrụ. Ọ nwere ezi absorption si eriri afọ tract, Cmax n'ime ọbara n'ime awa abụọ. Mmetụta pụrụ ịdịru ruo awa 12. 40-60% lowers IOP na ebelata mmepụta nke intraocular ọmụmụ.

Egosi & Ọnụọgụ ọgwụ

Isi na-egosi: ocular ọbara mgbali elu, glaucoma. Na glaucoma, n'ime-na 0.125-0.25 g 1-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị, kwa ụbọchị maka 5 ụbọchị, mgbe nke kwesịrị a ụbọchị abụọ ezumike.

Mmetụta: ọgbụgbọ, ọnwụ nke agụụ, afọ ọsịsa, allergies, mkpọchị uche nke aka, paraesthesia, tinnitus, iro ụra. All nke a nwere ike ịkpalite carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Preparations nwekwara contraindications. Nke a oké uche (na sulfonamides gụnyere), Addison ọrịa, riri ahụ acidosis, nnukwu ọrịa imeju na ọrịa akụrụ, afọ ime, ọrịa shuga mellitus, uremia.

Ojiji mgbochi: akpa ume embolism, akpa ume emphysema (ikekwe na-amụba acidosis).

Ọgwụ: Mbadamba emepụta Poland Polpharma "Diakarb" ka 0,5 g

Dorzolamide (dorzolamide)

Egbochi carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II Arụ Ọrụ (Onya reversible hydration mmeghachi omume nke carbon dioxide na carbonic acid akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ) anya ciliary ahu. Secretion intraocular mmiri na-belata 50%, slows ala guzobere bicarbonate ion, na n'omume ebelata iga nke mmiri na sodium. Belata 38% nke mmepụta nke intraocular ọmụmụ nke na-adịghị emetụta outflow. Ọ penetrates n'ime nwa anya predominantly site N'ịdị, cornea ma ọ bụ sclera. Ikpe etinye obi gị dum n'ime systemic vaskụla bed nke Eye mucosal (pụrụ ime mamịrị na ndị ọzọ na mmetụta typical sulfonamides). Mgbe umi ka nwetara n'ime ọbara, ngwa ngwa penetrates n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, nke nwere nnukwu ichekwa carbonic anhydrase II. Dorzolamide 33% ibikwa na plasma-edozi. The kacha hypotensive mmetụta na-egosipụta mgbe instillation site a 2 hour na-echekwa ya 12 awa. Mgbe backfilling 2 ugboro na 9-21% kwa ụbọchị mbelata intraocular mgbali mgbe kụnyere ka ugboro 3 a ụbọchị - na 14-24%. Mbelata intraocular mgbali site na iji a 2% ngwọta nwere ike ime ka kacha 4,5-6,1 mm HG. A ngwọta nke 3% ga-adịcha irè n'ihi na ọ ga-ngwa ngwa na-asa nke conjunctival oghere dị ka ọ na-akpata ike na-adọgbu adọgbu. Na njikọ na oru timolol nwere ndị ọzọ akpọ mmetụta site na 13 ruo 21%. Ntakiri utịp ke ọbara mgbali na obi ọnụego nwere carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Diuretics otu a na-adịghị mee ihe emebeere ya. On a gasịrị.

Egosi & Ọnụọgụ ọgwụ

Egosi: isi na nke sekọndrị, na-emeghe-n'akuku glaucoma, ocular ọbara mgbali. The ọgwụ na-egosi site 1 dobe 2-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị.

Mmetụta: paresthesia, arọ ọnwụ, ịda mbà n'obi, anụ rashes, aplasticheskayaanemiya, agranulocytosis, ike ọgwụgwụ, isi ọwụwa, na-egbu egbu epidermal necrolysis, ilu uto ke inua, ọgbụgbọ, na-abawanye na ọkpụrụkpụ nke cornea, iridocyclitis, blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, photophobia, bịara ikiri ọhụụ, itching na tingling sensashion n'anya, ahụ erughị ala, Stevens - Johnson syndrome, ọkụ, mmiri anya.

The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (anya tụlee) nwere ndị na-esonụ contraindications: oké uche (na sulfonamides gụnyere), na nwata, nnukwu ọrịa imeju na ọrịa akụrụ, afọ ime na ara.

Nkwadebe: eyedrops "Trusopt" nwere 1 ml nke 20 mg dorzolamide hydrochloride ngwọta. vials - 5 ml. Ọ na-emepụta na Netherlands site Merck Sharp & Dohme.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Brinzolamide (brinzolamide)

Innovative blocker nke carbonic anhydrase-enwe ike mgbe etinyere topically ka ịrịba Mbelata na akara IOP. Brinzolamide nwere elu selectivity maka carbonic anhydrase II, na kacha adabara nkịtị Njirimara n'ụzọ dị irè-banye n'ime n'ime anya. Mgbe e jiri ya tụnyere dorzolamide na atsetozolamidom ọ hụrụ na brinzolamide - kasị nke nwere ike umi ìgwè nke carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. E nwere ihe àmà gosiri na Nde ma ọ bụ igba ogwu n'akwara ochichi nke brinzolamide-eduga onye na mma nke optic disk. Na ọ na-ebelata site na nkezi nke 20% IOP. Ọ na-adịghị na-arụ ọrụ niile carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The usoro nke edinam pụrụ iche si brinzolamide.

Egosi na onunu ogwu

Egosi: ocular ọbara mgbali elu, na-emeghe-n'akuku glaucoma. Jiri 2 ugboro n'ụbọchị maka a dobe.

Mmetụta: uto ezighị, ndị mba ọzọ ahụ ụjọ, bịara ikiri ọhụụ n'elu instillation (oge) na a ọkụ sensashion. Agafere mpaghara mma karịa dorzolamide.

Contraindications: oké uche ọgwụ (na sulfonamides gụnyere), ụmụ afọ, afọ ime na ara.

Nkwadebe: eyedrops "Azopt" nwere 1 ml nke a nkwusioru nke 10 mg brinzolamide. Ike vials nke 5 ml. Emepụta USA site Alcon.

Olee ihe ọzọ na-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

prostaglandin nkwekọrịta

Latanoprost (latanoprost) - prostaglandin ihe nnabata nhọrọ agonist. Enwekwu outflow nke intraocular ọmụmụ site uvea, nke na-eduga a ẹsụhọde nke intraocular nsogbu. Mmetụta na mmepụta nke okenye ọchị ga-aka. Nwere ike ịgbanwe size nke nwa akwụkwọ, ma naanị ubé. Mgbe backfilling penetrates n'ụdị isopropyl ether site cornea na e hydrolyzed na steeti a biologically ifịk acid, nke nwere ike kọwaa na mbụ 4 awa na intraocular ọmụmụ na na plasma ke akpa hour. 0,16l / n'arọ - olu nke nkesa. Awa abụọ mgbe adianade enweta kasị elu ịta na okenye ọchị, mgbe nke ọ na-ekesa na-mmalite nke n'ihu nke, i.e. eyelids na conjunctiva, na mgbe ahụ abanye posterior nke (obere obere). N'ọrụ ụdị na anụ ahụ nke ndị na anya fọrọ bụghị metabolized, tumadi na imeju biotransformation. Advantageously, metabolites na-anyụpụ na mmamịrị. Ka anyị lee ụfọdụ nke carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

Unoprostone (unoprostone)

Isopropyl unoprostone bụ a emepụta nke a docosanoid ngwa ngwa mbenata intraocular nsogbu (IOP) iji ọhụrụ pharmacologic usoro. Enweghị na-agbanwe agbanwe oge mmepụta nke intraocular ọmụmụ, mmemmem ya outflow. Studies gosiri na e jiri ya tụnyere 0,5% timolol maleate, isopropyl unoprostone nwere yiri ma ọ bụ ọbụna mma ọrụ iji belata IOP. The ọgwụ adịghị emetụta ulo na adịghị akpata Mbelata ọbara na ocular anụ ahụ, miosis ma ọ bụ mydriasis; corneal imu na-egbu oge-adịghị achọpụtara. Mgbe Nde agbanweghi agbanwe isotropy unoprostone chọpụtaghị na plasma.

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors maka glaucoma ga-kenyere naanị site a dọkịta, onwe-ọgwụ na-adịghị ekwe.