Dissimilation - a ... Nzọụkwụ dissimilation

Dissimilation - a mgbagwoju chemical Jeremaya mere bụ nke a jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na decomposition nke mgbagwoju organic ogige ka mfe. Usoro a na-esonyere na ntọhapụ nke ike, nke na-eji na ATP njikọ.

Dissimilation na usoro ndu

Dissimilation usoro bụ na ncherita-assimilation. Dị ka na-amalite bekee-emebi emebi, ime ihe nucleic asịd, ndi na-edozi, abụba na carbohydrates. A ikpeazụ ngwaahịa - mmiri, carbon dioxide na amonia. The decomposition ngwaahịa nke anụmanụ ahụ na gradual ìgwè atara na n'èzí. Na osisi carbon dioxide a tọhapụrụ ikpe na n'ụzọ zuru ezu amonia eji usoro nke assimilation, na-eje ozi dị ka na-amalite ihe biosynthesis nke organic ogige.

Mmekọrịta dissimilation na assimilation na-enye ohere anụ ahụ nke ahụ na-mgbe niile emelitere. Dị ka ihe atụ, n'ihi na 10 ụbọchị na ọbara mmadụ albumin emelitere ọkara mkpụrụ ndụ, na maka 4 ọnwa ịdị na-agbanwe ihe niile erythrocytes. osisi ike ruru nke abụọ abụghị metabolic Filiks na-adabere na ọtụtụ ihe. A na ogbo nke mmepe nke organism, na afọ ole na n'ahụ ala. N'oge na mmepe nke ahụ bụ nke assimilation-enwe, n'ihi na ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ, anụ ahụ na akụkụ bụ ha iche, ya bụ, ahụ uka na-abawanye. N'ihe banyere pathologies na-ebu ọnụ dissimilation usoro okpon akan na assimilation ma belata ahu aro.

Nhazi ọkwa nke ntule na ọdịdị dissimilation

All ntule nwere ike kewara abụọ dị iche iche, dabere na ọnọdụ nke retara dissimilation. Ọ bụ aerobic na anaerobic bacteria. The mbụ na-achọ free oxygen, nke ikpeazụ mkpa bụghị nwalee ya maka ndụ. Na anaerobic dissimilation site gbaa ụka retara, nke bụ oxygen-free enzymatic mgbaze nke organic okwu n'ime mfe. Ka ihe atụ, lactic ma ọ bụ mmanya na-gbaa ụka.

Nkebi dissimilation na aerobic ntule: nke preparatory ogbo

Cleavage nke organic bekee ke aerobes rụrụ na atọ nzọụkwụ. Mgbe ọ bụla n'ime ha na e nwere ọtụtụ kpọmkwem enzymatic Jeremaya mere.

The akpa ogbo - preparatory. Isi ọrụ na a ogbo bụ nke na multicellular ntule digestive enzymes emi odude ke eriri afọ tract. Na unicellular - lysosomal enzyme. N'oge mbụ na-adọ na-edozi na-amalite irekasị n'ime amino asịd, abụba etolite glycerol na ọdụdụ asịd, polysaccharides ghoro monosaccharides, nucleic acid nucleotides.

glycolysis

The abụọ na-adọ nke dissimilation - glycolysis. Ọ na-adị na-enweghị oxygen. The ndu kwadoro glycolysis bụ na ọ na-anọchi anya mmalite nke gbawara na glucose ọxịdashọn n'ihi na free ike ịchekwa n'ụdị abụọ ụmụ irighiri nke ATP. Ọ na-adị na usoro nke consecutive Jeremaya mere nke na-aghọ ikpeazụ n'ihi na e guzobere otu molekul nke glucose abụọ ụmụ irighiri nke pyruvate na otu ego nke ATP. Ọ bụ n'ụdị adenosine triphosphate echekwara ike akụkụ nke iche dị ka a N'ihi glycolysis ike nke dispersion ga-abụ n'ụdị okpomọkụ. Chemical Jeremaya mere, nke glycolysis: S6N12O6 2ADF + + + 2F → 2S3N4O3 2ATF.

Na ọnọdụ nke oxygen erughi na osisi sel na yist mkpụrụ ndụ piruvirat kewaa abụọ mmiri: ethyl mmanya na carbon dioxide. Nke a bụ mmanya na-gbaa ụka.

The ego nke ike e wepụtara n'oge glycolysis bụ ezughi oke maka ndị ntule nke na-eku ume oxygen. Ọ bụ ya mere ụmụ anụmanụ na mmadụ na elu ahụ exertion na uru na-synthesized lactic acid, na-eje ozi dị ka a ndabere ike isi iyi na-agbakọ n'ụdị lactate. A mara mma nke usoro a bụ ntoputa nke mgbu na uru.

The oxygen ogbo

Dissimilation - bụ a nnọọ mgbagwoju anya usoro, oxygen na a atọ ogbo nwekwara mejupụtara abụọ consecutive Jeremaya mere. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ndị Krebs okirikiri na oxidative phosphorylation.

N'oge ọxịdashọn nke oxygen na-eku ume piruvirata ka ikpeazụ ngwaahịa, nke na-CO2 na H2O. Nke a na a na ike ịchekwa n'ụdị 36 ATP ụmụ irighiri. Mgbe ahụ, otu ike na-enye njikọ nke organic bekee na a plastic na ihuenyo. Evolutionary omume nke a nzọụkwụ n'ihi na ìgwè molekụla oxygen na ikuku na ọdịdị aerobic ntule.

The ebe oxidative phosphorylation (cellular respiration) bụ esịtidem membranes nke mitochondria, nke nwere molekụla transporter ebu iga nke electrons na molekụla oxygen. The ike na-emepụta na a ogbo a na-agbasa ikpe n'ụdị okpomọkụ, na ndị fọdụrụ na-aga guzobe ATP.

Dissimilation na usoro ndu - ọ bụ na ike mgbanwe, a mmeghachi omume nke bụ ka ndị a: S6N12O6 + 6O2 → 6SO2 + + 6N2O 38ATF.

N'ihi ya, dissimilation - a set nke Jeremaya mere na-ewere ọnọdụ n'ihi na organic bekee na e mbụ synthesized site cell, na free oxygen, nke banyere site mpụga gburugburu ebe obibi n'oge respiration.