German dere Richard Strauss: A Biography, creativity

Richard Strauss - onye dere, onye usoro ihe nkiri na musical uri merie obi echiche. Expressionism (okwu) nke ọrụ ya bụ nnukwu mmeghachi omume ọha mmadụ na nke oge.

Richard Strauss. Biography nke andiwet

Richard n'ala nna adịkwaghị. Na 1864, Munich bụ obodo kwụụrụ onwe ya nke Alaeze nke Bavaria, na mgbe ahụ sonyeere German ala. June 11 na ezinụlọ ikpe egwú Franz Strauss nwa. Nna ozi opera French mpi (ifufe ngwá, vaguely yiri a helical anwụrụ). Ọ bụ nke mbụ na onye nkụzi nke music nke Richard. Klas na-anapụta ma ezi ọṅụ, a emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na dị ka n'oge dị 6 afọ nwata mụtara musical notation na ngwá. Ke adianade do, onwe-ekewet akpa opera na kwụsịrị ede ruo ọnwụ ya.

Science nwata nna yiri oke mgbanwe, ọ na-achọ a dị iche iche okwu na music. Na 1874, Richard Strauss mbụ zutere ọrụ nke Wagner, ya anọgide na-emeri style na ọnọdụ nke opera. Ma Nna ezi obi ndị a ọrụ nke music nke ala na klas na ọbụna akpan nwa-ya gee ha ntị. Naanị eru ịghọ okenye, Richard amalite a ọmụmụ ihe miri emi nke akara "Tristan na Isolde". Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ na-agazu rehearsals Court eti egwú na-enweta ihe nke orchestration na evolushọn.

style andiwet

Music Strauss - a search of ya a ma ama style na biiri si Richard afọ ole na ole. Na 1882, ọ banyere Institute of Philosophy na History na Munich, ma doo mgbe a afọ ọzụzụ. Ma, ọ bụ e zutere Max Schillings. Ụmụ okorobịa abụọ ndị dị otú ahụ nso enyi na Strauss mfe kwenye ndị ọzọ ime ọkacha mmasị ọrụ kpọrọ ihe. N'ihi na nke a, Germany na-akawanye amamiihe eduzi na andiwet nke egwuregwu nwetara, nakwa dị ka onye nkụzi na "Mona Lisa" opera posta.

Richard Strauss onwe ya zigara Berlin. E ọkọkpọhi post of eduzi na nọgidere na-ede ikwọ na mgbanwe style nke nna ya. A ezi ihe nlereanya bụ ya "Horn concerto №1». Mgbe 1883 nwa Strauss zutere Aleksandrom Ritterom. A anya ikwu nke Wagner mere nwa okoro na ya ezi music nwere ike ịbụ mmadụ ugboro ugboro, nke na symphonic poems - nke a bụ ụzọ dị mma maka onye dere. Site na nke a mgbe ọ na-aghọ a obi ike na-egbuke egbuke ìhè style Strauss.

Personal ndụ

Great mmetụta na akara aka na-arụ ọrụ nke Richard Strauss ya obi ụtọ n'alụmdi na nwunye Pauline de Ana Maria. Ha zutere na 1887 na Munich. Paulina malitere ya solo opera na-agụ egwú na were ihe site andiwet. Dị ka a protégé sooro ya ka Weimar. Amamiihe mpụta mbụ ke 1890, na 1894 na-egwuri a ọrụ ke opera nke onye nkụzi ya "Guntram." Young agbamakwụkwọ wee ebe on September 10 n'obodo Marquartstein.

Enupụ isi agwa nke-eto eto na nwunye Richter diri stoically, ziri ezi ya nkà àgwà. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị kwuru bụ ndị na-abịa ala ụbọchị anyị, mgbe di ọku-akpata ịlụ ọgụ na Pauline ọ gara a pụrụ iche ọrụ echiche n'ike mmụọ nsọ. N'ezie, ọ bụ n'oge alụmdi na nwunye ya Richard Strauss dere ya kasị mma ọrụ. Nwunye-ya, o dere a ole na ole songs, mgbe nke na-egbu ndị na-agụ egwú ewu ewu amụbawo.

Obi ụtọ na ndụ ịhụnanya ụzọ biri n'ihi na nke a mkpari ndudue. Otu ụbọchị mụ na nwunye m nye a dee di-ya, mgbe ọ gagharịa Germany, site na-amaghị nwaanyị. N'echi ya, Pauline gbara akwụkwọ maka ịgba alụkwaghịm. Alọta, Richard gbalịrị ịkọwa na obi omee, na ọ bụghị ime ihe ọ bụla, kama ọ ga-agaghị ege ya ntị. Ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke ndụ ya onye dere nwere mmetụta ịhụnanya maka ya bụbu-na nwunye, ọ bụghị naanị na-ede music maka ya, na ọ dịghị onye ọzọ ke izute.

creativity Strauss

Dere Richard Strauss gbalịrị ghara inye na "ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị oké ifufe" na mba, ma dị ka a ezi kere etinye obi gị dum na ọnọdụ ndị ha. Ọ dịrị ndụ ihe karịrị afọ 80 na hụrụ atọ dị iche iche ọchịchị ọchịchị. Ịpụ iche nke onye dere na - na a ijuanya arụmọrụ. Dee music, o nwere ike mgbe niile na n'ebe niile, na-enweghị ndidi ihe "ọnọdụ na-achọghị" ma ọ bụ ọdụdọ. Ya mbụ ọrụ, "Guntram", kere 1893 - bụ a musical ejije, classically wuru nke mbụ ule na onye nkiri.

Ọzọkwa na-arụ ọrụ dere nwere dị otú ahụ a dịgasị iche iche nke Genres na ọ na-egosi na ọrụ dị iche iche ndị dere ya. "Site Italy" (1886, Richard Strauss) - symphonic uri, e dere na-anọ amụta nke njem. Na 21, bụ nwa dere gara ihunanya mba maka a ọnwa na jupụtara na-akpali akpali mmetụta uche na-achụpụ ha na music akwụkwọ. The nkiri ambiguous àgwà ndị nchịkọta egwu, ma onye dere amalite ekwu okwu ma na-echeta aha ya.

"Don Juan" (1889)

Na 25 afọ Straus esịmde a tozuru okè nkà na-enweta nkwanye musical ụwa nke a ike, vibrant uri. E mmetụta Italian na anyanwụ, na-ada ada na ịhụnanya na ya nwa akwụkwọ de Ana. Uri Raara Onwe ka Ludwig Tuyll, na onye ọ na-amụrụ na Munich. The premiere wee ebe on 11 November, enweghị ntụpọ na ukwuu ịga nke ọma.

"Don Giovanni" - a musical akụkọ banyere runaway ndị hụrụ. Isiokwu na-azacha violin, ọkụ n'obi ụtọ, kpọkwasịwo na enchanting mmeghe, dị ka ezimezi oku. Na na harp okwu banyere anwansi nke ịhụnanya nwaanyị. Low ndetu Wharton na clarinet na-ekwu okwu nwayọọ gbaa na a aghụghọ olu violin. Hey n'otu ọjà jupụtara na mkpụrụ obi adịghị agwụ agwụ fun. The njedebe nke play - tremolo violin na n'anya ọzọ n'iyi na naanị.

"Macbeth" (1888-1890 gg.)

Mgbe "Don Juan" dere Richard Strauss opera "Macbeth". Nke a nchịkọta egwu emebeghị ka a oké furore na a na-ewere oké supersaturated. nna nke onye dere enye ngwaahịa a a nkọ ntule na-arịọ gbanwee ihe na akwụkwọ ozi ya. Dị ka ya, echiche ọ bụghị ihe ọjọọ, ma ọ dị mkpa ịchụpụ niile instrumental gabigara ókè. Ọ na-egbochi ndị na-ekiri aka ịghọta na na nke na-ede ma na-anụ ihe o nwere ikwu.

Ma, ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-ahụ ya nso ya na ọnọdụ ala nke uche. Echiche nke Shakespeare, ọdachi na-ebipụta mpụ - pụrụ ime eme echiche ga-emesi ike. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ bụ banyere careerism na oké ọchịchọ ndị na-adịghị akwụsị, ọbụna tupu mpụ.

"Ọnwụ na Nnwogha" (1888-1889 gg.)

Nke a opera site Richard Strauss - aghụghọ nghọta nke iwu nke ụwa na mmadụ adịghị ike. Ọ na-e dere na uzo nke mgbanwe nke ọchịchị usoro na-egosipụta egwu nke oge a ọha mmadụ na-agbanwe na ejighị ihe n'aka nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu. The echiche nke ịda ogbenye na ọnwụ na a uri site Richard-amasị ya intellectuality.

Tụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ nke a nchịkọta egwu na-arụ na ike, ihe atụ na nsogbu. Ma, dị ka a dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ bụ na ukwuu na-akpali opera. The dum n'ókè nke enweghị nkasi obi ime mmụọ na-apụghị izere ezere na egwu ọgwụgwụ n'ihi na onye na-enwe ekele adị ya.

Ọfọ "pranks" (1895)

"Fun aghụghọ Ruo Eulenspiegel" Strauss ewepụtara enyi ya Arthur Seidl. Ha na-amụ n'otu mahadum dị na Munich na kwetara ka e kere eke nke Wagner Ịhụnanya. Seidl otu mgbe e weere otu ọkachamara na-arụ ọrụ na biography nke onye dere, bụ ndị na ndụ ya niile ṅomie Richard. Gasịrị, Arthur na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke German Central akwụkwọ akụkọ na C. Klatte dee akwụkwọ banyere enyi ya. "The e ji mara ndepụta" bụ nke mbụ biography na analysis of musical ọrụ site Richard Strauss.

The uri mere ya mpụta mbụ na Cologne, ọ na-eje ozi Herzen eti egwú, ekenịmde F. Vyultern. Na oge nke ngwaahịa bụ naanị 15 nkeji, ma na-akatọ na-ekwu na ọ bụ n'elu nke talent nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Na ya nyochaa nke M. Kennedy-akpọ ya "s kemmeochi." The play mejupụtara 27 ngosipụta, nke na-ẹkenịm ọrụ na akụkọ nke ahụmahụ nke kpara dike Eulenspiegel si nwa ọnwụ.

"Ya mere okwu Zarathustra" (1896)

Na e kere eke nke a uri ọzọ gara ọzọ-arọ Artur Zaydl. Site na ọdịdị nke ihe ya na-eme, ọ si 1898 na 1999 e were n'ọrụ Nietzsche Archive. Ọ bụ ya na onye nyere Richard "N'ihi ya, we gwa Zarathustra" n'akwụkwọ site ama thinker. Strauss dere n'okpuru echiche nke na-agụ a oké symphonic uri. 9 iberibe nwere aha nke isi nke akwụkwọ. Na-ede na ya onwe ya ga-eduzi mbụ arụmọrụ na Frankfurt.

Nkatọ na obi ụtọ na showpiece nke German Romanticism, nke a ụdị "na-agwụ ike" na-arụ ọrụ na a na ewere despotism. Music bụ mgbe eji ụwa nke oge a na eju. Ka ihe atụ, nchekwa ihuenyo mmemme "Gịnị? Ebe? Mgbe? "Ndien ke nkiri" Space Odyssey ". Eduzi S. Kubrick were iberibe nke nchịkọta egwu "Ya mere okwu Zarathustra" (Strauss) maka nrubeisi nke unearthly eluigwe na ala.

"Salomi" (1905)

Drama Richard e dere na ngwaahịa nke Oscar Wilde, nke onye dere e dere maka Sary Bernar. The premiere ji dị otú ahụ a asịrị na Berlin na nke a pụrụ iwere dị ka ihe na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ihe ịga nke ọma nke play. Erotica na uche, nke mmetụta uche East, omume rụrụ arụ Salomi nke dị iche na-adị ọcha nke Baptist - na nke ahụ bụ egwu ihe atụ nke a dere dị ka Richard Strauss. "Salomi" e dere na ọkara afọ. Na-arụ ọrụ, ndị ozi agwa nke protagonist. Kama a ewepụghị na kpọmkwem ogologo anụ kpuchie anụmanụ ọchịchọ, ọ pụtara na-emebi emebi girl agbakụ a mwute ahuhu.

The Puritan German opera mere mbuaha reviews si akatọ. Ọbụna na-abụ abụ ekweghị arụ ọrụ na play, na-akpọ ya rụrụ arụ. The mbụ omee onye e nyere ọrụ nke Salomi, Richard kwuru iwe nara: "Abụ m ezigbo nwaanyị!". Ma, nke a bụ na-agụ egwú M. Wittich were nnwere onwe nke na-ekwu okwu mbụ.

"Alpine" (1915)

Ikpeazụ symphonic uri nke German andiwet. Ọbụna ya n'oge na-eto eto site Richard nchegbu echiche nke na-eke music na-ada ka rịa ugwu. Ugboro atọ, ọ malitere ọrụ, ma oge ọ bụla ndị egwú Ibé akwụkwọ e zigara ọku n'alughi ọkụ. Naanị na 1914, "Frau ohne Schatten" mgbe opera, na-ede akwụkwọ ọzọ e maka mmepe nke a echiche.

The premiere wee ebe on 18 February na Berlin, ekenịmde na-ede akwụkwọ. "An Alpine Symphony" - otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu ihe oge anyị. Nke a na usoro music, agbajikwa n'ime ihe 22 iberibe. The ikpeazụ kwesịrị ncheta egwu nke Richard atụle bụ uri a site Bavarian State eti egwú na 1941.

onye dere nke song

Ná ndụ ya na-ede akwụkwọ dere ọtụtụ songs maka soprano, bụ onye bụrụ abụ ya mmasị nwaanyị. Ọ kere "Anọ Ikpeazụ Songs" ke 1948. Egwu, ọrụ a na-ẹkwọ na ẹkụre. Richard Strauss, onye songs mgbe e jupụtara na a akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ maka ndụ ma na-enwe, na nke ikpeazụ edemede o dere banyere ike ọgwụgwụ na atụmanya nke ọnwụ. Ichere maka ọgwụgwụ na-ada mfe, mma mmadụ, biri ifịk ndụ.

"Ke mbubreyo ìhè" - akpa song na-ekwu okwu nke udo nke uche, e dere amaokwu J. Eichendorff. Next abịa na "Spring" na "dara n'ụra." Final "September" - ihe ịtụnanya penetration autumnal na ọnọdụ na ìhè mmiri ozuzo. A ọrụ na poems site Hermann Hesse. All songs - a pụrụ iche Nchikota music na ederede. The ikuku na ịke bụ ike nke na ndị na-akatọ, na-aghọta multiple songs gharazie ịba uru ọbụna '48, na ugbu a na-ahụ ha dị ka ike e kere eke na-ede akwụkwọ.

Ede akwụkwọ na-eduzi

Tụkwasị na nke a symphonic usoro ihe nkiri, Richard dere sị "Domestic Symphony" na "Don Quixote", "Life bụ dike" na ụlọ "Le bourgeois Gentilhomme", nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-aga nke ọma na ọ bụghị-ka ọrụ. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke Strauss - na-eduzi ya music na ọrụ nile nke ọzọ-arọ. Ya ebi - a opera na nchịkọta egwu dere afọ 18-20.

Richard Strauss - ikpeazụ ihunanya nke oge ya - ka e ji mara ọrụ ya na ọchị na mfe:

"Ma eleghị anya, abụghị m onye mbụ na klas dere, ma m - a mbụ na klas nke abụọ-ọnụego andiwet!".