Gịnị bụ hydrosphere

Gịnị bụ hydrosphere (mmiri ma ọ bụ shei) nke uwa? Nke a na okwu a na-akpọ Geospheres onye nke mbara ala anyị, nke bụ set nke niile na-ekwu nke H ₂ O - siri ike, mmiri mmiri na gas ẹdude ke ererimbot.

Olu nke mmiri ugbu na mbara ala anyị bụ a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ - karịrị ọkara a ijeri cubic kilomita. N'ime ndị a, ndị ọdụm òkè (Ninety-isii pasent) akaụntụ maka nnu mmiri nke oké osimiri. Eto kpụkọrọ na n'elu ọhụrụ mmiri akụkọ ihe abụọ percent, na nnọọ ole na ole (nta nke a percent) - na mmiri dị na mbara ikuku dị ka mmiri vepo (eke ígwé ojii na iru mmiri).

Iji juputara ịghọta ihe hydrosphere, na ihe bụ nke ya mmetụta na ndụ ndị mmadụ, kwesịrị inyocha na ihe nkowa na Filiks aa na ụwa (na akpa ebe, ihu igwe), nke ọ na-ekere òkè. Iji malite, na mmiri nwere ike "akpọkọtara" na-ekpo ọkụ. Ọ bụ ya mere idụhe nke ebe n'akụkụ oké osimiri, oké osimiri, ma ọ bụ nanị nnukwu ọdọ, nwere ụfọdụ iche iche si idụhe nke ebe, ịgha ụgha n'ime Afrika n'otu ohere. E nwere echiche nke "mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi", "continental idụhe". Large pụta mmiri ewe iwe n'oge na-ekpo ọkụ oge, mgbe ahụ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-enye akwakọba okpomọkụ, nke mere na oyi na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke continental ukwuu softer. Ọzọ, mgbe oyi ostyvshaya mmiri na-eme ka okpomọkụ oyi.

Adianade ajụjụ nke ihe hydrosphere, isiokwu a ga-ewepụtara na-akpọ cryosphere, ma ọ bụ "ubi nke oyi" - na Grik. Cryosphere - bụ na akụkụ nke hydrosphere, bụ nke nwere mmiri dị ka a siri ike. Ọ na-agụnye ọ bụghị nanị na kpụkọrọ (ugwu ma ọ bụ offshore), ma snow cover, n'oge a kara aka ice cover of ọdọ, nakwa dị ka permafrost. N'ihi ya cryosphere enweghị doro anya ókè, na ya ebe na ebe ịdị iche iche dịtụ dị iche iche a kara aka.

The mmiri akpụkpọ ahụ dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta, a mụrụ na-anwụ anwụ ndụ. Ọ bụ ya mere mkpa ka anyị hydrosphere. Ya mejupụtara na Ọdịdị na akụkọ ihe mere eme oge agbanweela mgbanwe ụfọdụ. Ndị a gụnyere fluctuations na ala dị larịị, a mbili na ọdịda na oké osimiri, idụhe aridity na gumidizatsiya na nnukwu ebe. Kemgbe ụwa, ọ ike na larịị nke Caspian Sea na Middle Ages bụ nnọọ ala karịa ugbu a, na na ndị nwere ọtụtụ agwaetiti. On otu n'ime àgwàetiti ndị m hụrụ ọnwụ ya bibiri Shah Genghis Khan nke Khorezm. Ihe omume a na-e dere na ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị.

Ma, ọ bụghị naanị na mmiri shei nke Earth-emetụta ndụ mmadụ na iri na abụọ na narị afọ malitere, na-esiwanye inweta ọkụ reverse usoro. Human mmetụta na hydrosphere bụghị naanị na mmetọ nke ala ma ọ bụ oké osimiri mmiri. Economic eme nke ndị mmadụ emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na nkezi okpomọkụ nke ụwa anyị ubé mụbara, nke mere ka ndị thawing nke kpụkọrọ. The enwe snow of Kilimanjaro, nyere aha nke-adịghị anwụ anwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke Hemingway, na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ nwere furu efu iri asatọ na abụọ (!) Percent nke ebe, na usoro a na-aga n'ihu. Ọ na-esiwanye adịkwa ya cover na Mont Blanc (na French - White Mountain).

Ya mere, ihe bụ hydrosphere, ya mejupụtara na mmetụta na ụmụ mmadụ, anyị na ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ obere ota. Ajụjụ ahụ - Ga mmadụ eme detrimental ka hydrosphere? O nwere ike, n'ezie, mkpa Hollywood ọdachi movies, nke niile kpụkọrọ ịlọ ụwa kpuchie oké osimiri? Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-adịghị mee ọsọ ọsọ na a Anya zara, na-ewere na mkpebi ikpeazụ bụ kwa nta data. Fluctuations na nkezi kwa afọ okpomọkụ dị adị na n'oge gara aga, na-eme ice afọ na thaws. Na mmadụ na-eme bụ, n'ezie, ha nwere ike ghara ịbụ metụtara. Dịcha, Filiks aa na ahụ nke ụwa anyị na ya ozugbo gburugburu e mụọ ezuru. Gịnị n'ezie na-aga --aza ajụjụ a, ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ na nrutu nke sayensị - geology, astronomy, Meteorology na gburugburu ha. Na ma eleghị anya anya.