Hydra - a genus nke freshwater sessile coelenterates nke klas hydroid

Na oge ochie akụkọ ifo, ndị hydra bụ a jọgburu onwe ogologo anụ na otutu isi, nke toro ngwa ngwa, ma ọ bụrụ na ha ebipụ. Modern nnọchiteanya nke coelenterates dị nta na a onye kpamkpam mma. Kama ha hụrụ ha aha ekele a ọma ike ịdị na-agbanwe. Ha na-enwe ike n'ụzọ zuru ezu naghachi ozu ya microscopic akụkụ. Olee otú ndokwa ndị a dị ịtụnanya ụmụ anụmanụ?

ebe obibi

Hydra - bụ nnọchiteanya nke ụdị Coelenterates, nke na-agụnye banyere 10,000 oge a umu. Ọ bụ a obere polyp, onye akụkụ bụ banyere 2 cm, nke bi site agwakọta a support. Dị ka mkpụrụ, ọ na-họọrọ algae ma ọ bụ freshwater ala nke ọ na ugbu a.

ahu symmetry

hydra ahu nwere a cylindrical udi. Ya ala akụkụ a na-akpọ naanị. Na ndị na-abụghị njedebe nke ozu ndị tentacles.

Hydra - ihe organism nwere a radial symmetry. Ọ bụrụ na n'ọnụ ka ụkwụ nke ihe omume ihe atụ axis, na tentacles ga diverge dị ka ụzarị.

nsia oghere

The aha nke ụdị ndị a multicellular anụmanụ natara ekele n'ime cylindrical ahu nke nsia oghere. Na ọnụ ya site na nri-abanye. Ebe a na-abịa ya mgbaze. coelenterates ahụ mgbidi mejupụtara abụọ n'ígwé nke aru: mpụga na esịtidem. N'etiti ha bụ a oyi akwa nke extracellular matriks nke nwere ụdị a mkpa efere.

ektodamụ

The mpụta oyi akwa a na-akpọ coelenterates ahụ ektodamụ. Tụlee ihe ya ụdị hydra mkpụrụ ndụ. Karịsịa, a akpụkpọ-muscular. N'ihi na ha Mbelata, hydra ahụ bụ ike na-abịakọrọ na ka tilt n'akụkụ. N'etiti ha e nwere akwara mkpụrụ ndụ na-enwe a kpakpando ekara - akwara ozi. Ijikọ ha Filiks, ha na-etolite a plexus. N'ihi na nke a Ọdịdị, mmekọrịta a rụrụ nke dum organism na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Gịnị hydra mkpụrụ ndụ ike kee? Mbụ niile intermediates. Site na ọrụ nwere ike jiri ya tụnyere ihe owuwu nke muta na-akpa ákwà osisi. Nke a mainstream mmụta, nke na-hiwere site nkerisi ndị ọzọ nile cell ụdị. Ọnụnọ ha na-akpata a elu larịị nke imu-ọzọ na nke polyps - ike na-agbake furu efu ma ọ bụ mebiri emebi akụkụ ahụ.

"Business Card" Hydra

Hydra - a polyp, nke, dị ka ihe niile coelenterates, nwere agba mkpụrụ ndụ. N'ihi na ọnụnọ ha na-ahụkarị naanị maka ụdị anụmanụ,-agba mkpụrụ ndụ bụ "na-akpọ kaadị" nke polyps na azundika jelii.

Ya constituent akụkụ - a Capsule na sensory ntutu na spirally kpara akpa na eri. Ọ nwere umi, kpọnwụọ aja. Mgbe otu-celled, azu ighe ma ọ bụ obere akịrịkọ ndị chọrọ nlezianya na ntutu, na eri unwinds na-ata n'ime ahu nke aja. Na nke a, na cell onwe ya na-gburu. More, ọ na-apụghị ịrụ ọrụ ya. Cell nkewa hydra, akpan akpan, intermediates, na-enye na-aga n'ihu ntoputa nke ọhụrụ agba mkpụrụ ndụ.

entoderm

Na n'ime oyi akwa nke ahụ na-adịkwaghị digestive na glandular mkpụrụ ndụ. Site na ha ihe kewaa organic bekee. Ha nwere flagella, na nke na-emepụta a mgbe nile na-eruba n'ime mmiri na nri ahụ na-n'ime pụrụ iche vacuoles. Na ndị a nri mgbaze usoro na-agwụ agwụ.

ndụ Filiks Atụmatụ

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ndị hydra - a ahụ, a na-eduga ofu ụzọ ndụ, ọ bụ ike nke na ije. Ọ yiri ihe ihe itu n'anya na ọgbọ egwuregwu. First hydra eberede n'otu akụkụ, mgbe ahụ, dị ka ọ bụ, "na-anọchi ya n'isi," nke dabeere na mkpụrụ tentacles. Ọzọkwa ọzọ zie jidesie ọbụ. On a ewepụghị elu hydra nwere ike slide.

The usoro nke na-eku ume site na veils. N'ihi na nke a hydra eji oxygen etisasịwo mmiri.

Akwara mkpụrụ ndụ na-enwe ike ịghọta mmalite si na gburugburu ebe obibi, na ọ ghọọ akwara esi gboo na rụrụ n'akụkụ nile nke ahu. Ndị a bụ ndị mbụ multicellular anụmanụ ndị dị ike nke na mfe na-aghọ nkọ. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-emetụ a agịga nkọ polyp, ozu ya ewezụga. Nke a dị mfe na-echebe mpiaji bụ ahụ omume mmalite.

Gịnị hydra mkpụrụ ndụ nwere ike kee, anyị nwere ike ịtụle ihe nlereanya nke polyps mụta nwa. N'oge okpomọkụ hydra vegetatively propagated iji budding. Akpa, a obere protrusion a kpụrụ na ahu ya. Mgbe ahụ a na nwa osisi na-etolite, emecha si n'etiti ndị nne nwa organism na-amalite otu nọọrọ onwe ha adị. N'oge mgbụsị, n'ihi belata mmiri okpomọkụ na enweghi nke nri budding kwụsị. Hydra aga mmekọahụ amụba. Otu n'ime ha e nwekwara dioecious mmadụ na hermaphrodites - ntule na-eru nke na-akpụ ma nwoke na nwanyị izizi mkpụrụ ndụ. N'ihi haịdrọlik e ji mara mpụga njikọta. Nwoke Genital spam mkpụrụ ndụ na-emi odude ke mmiri na ejikọrọ na àkwá nke ka kegidere na nne na nna organism. N'ihi ya, kpụrụ zaigọtụ ntekwasa na ok membranes. Mgbe ahụ, ndị okenye na-anwụ anwụ. Àkwá imi na ala, ebe ha na-etinye oyi. Na mmalite nke na-ekpo ọkụ oge na-eto eto polyps.

The ọbara usoro adịghị. Mwepu na-ewe ebe site na mpụta oyi akwa nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke a ụzọ esịtidem eme nsia lumen, nke site n'ọnụ ịgbatị atugharị.

Kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nkewa hydra ekpebi ha nwere ikike ịdị na-agbanwe. Empirically, e gosiri na polyp bụ ike kpamkpam naghachi n'aka bụla nke ozu: tentacles naanị nchịkọta mkpụrụ ndụ nakwa dị ka si slurry.

Buo polyp (Hydra) - a ahu onye imu ọmụmụ bụ mmalite nke a ọhụrụ sayensị - Na anụmanụ. Nke a anụmanụ mbụ kọwara na ya na nkà mmụta sayensị odide nke nchepụta nke microscope, Antoni Van Levenguk, a Ịhazi aha nke ụdị nyere Karl Linney. Ọ na-agụnye akụkọ nke ọrụ nke Hercules. Dị ka oge ochie akụkọ ifo, o meriwo a multi-gawa Lernaean hydra. Ọ na-ezo aka ọkà mmụta sayensị, ebe ọ na-nwere ike ịdị na-agbanwe. Na saịtị nke ọkpụkpụ isi dị nnọọ na-eto ọhụrụ. Ya anyị dike liri n'ala, ebe mere otu n'ime mmadụ iri na abụọ ọrụ.

Ufodi na-enwe ike na-etolite a symbiosis na unicellular green algae zoohlorellami. E gosipụtara na a polyp nwere ike ịbụ a ọnwa ole na ole na ìhè-adị enweghị nri.

Hydra bụ a nnọchiteanya Coelenterates ụdị, nke e ji ahụ na-enwe abụọ n'ígwé nke pụrụ iche na mkpụrụ ndụ na uji eze nke digestive usoro.