Iwu ndokwa metụtara ozi. data nchedo

The ịga nke ọma na nkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ na-enwe ọganihu n'oge ugbu ogbo nke na-elekọta mmadụ na mmepe na-egosi na ubi nke ozi technology uwa rụzuru nke mmadụ. Otu nke kasị ukwuu nchoputa na mpaghara ebe a, obi abụọ adịghị, ga-atụle ka ntoputa na mmepe nke Internet, na ego na ike nke na-mgbe niile na-eto eto.

Positive na-adịghị mma akụkụ nke mmepe nke ọmụma nkà na ụzụ na ọha mmadụ na

The ọrụ bara nke mmepe nke ihe ọmụma mmadụ bụ-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha, o kwesịrị ka a doo anya, ma anyị ekwesịghị ichefu na niile rụzuru nke na nkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ na-enwe ọganihu, dị ka a na-achị, e nwere ndị ma nke oma ma na-ezighị ezi n'akụkụ. Ọzọkwa, a iche iche nke ndị na iwu iwu metụtara ndị ozi.

Banyere ozi otu, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na mmepe na mma nke usoro nke nkwurịta okwu na njikọ n'etiti ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu bụghị nanị optimizes usoro nke inweta data, ma na-emepụta ọhụrụ atụmatụ nke nkwurịta okwu. Na nke a na-emebi onwe onye ụfọdụ ókè. E nwere nsogbu nke na-echebekwa nzuzo guzobere na mmepe nke ozi otu, ewu na ụkpụrụ iwu metụtara ozi.

Na onu nke uka na omenala na-enweta ihe ọmụma "ike"

Na a na-ekwu, ọ dịkwa mkpa bụ na mmepe nke a na-akpọ uka omenala - na ọhaneze na omenala akụkụ n'onwe ya ambiguous. Dabere na nchepụta nke ulo oru Toffler, ọ nwere ike kwuru na mgbasa nke uka omenala na Western otu nke XX narị afọ bụ n'ihi, na otu aka, ihe ndị dị ka mmepe nke mmepe obodo, uka mmuta, mmụba nke ọrụ mgbasa ozi, na ndị ọzọ - uto nke psychological erughị ala na nchegbu, metụtara na intensification nke ọtụtụ ụdị nke na-arụ ọrụ, nakwa dị ka mmụba nke n'ji ụkpụrụ ke ọha mmadụ.

N'ihi ya, na-ewu ewu omenala na-na-eru a ọhụrụ larịị nke nzukọ, na-enweta ọhụrụ ihe ọmụma, na-enwe ihe ọmụma ọhụrụ na-enye ukwuu ohere ego na ohere nke ọha mmadụ. N'ezie, ndị mmadụ nwere ohere na ego na bụbu ndị na-ùgwù nke J.Randall nke ọha mmadụ. Ntem, ịmụta ihe onwunwe nke a, na-ewu ewu omenala, na-akawanye a ọchịchị ọhụrụ, na otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa na ọnọdụ nke ike na-onwunwe nke dị mkpa na ozi, nakwa dị ka ozi nche.

Agagharị na accessibility

Ọ ga-kwuru na ọnụ ọgụgụ na agagharị nke ndị data, nke ugbu a na-nwe (na ike nwere ike ijide) uka n'ji, bụ oké elu. Na nke a, nchedo nke ọmụma na-ezughi oke taa. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na e ọmụma dị otú ahụ nwere ike ọ bụghị mgbe niile ga-eji na ezi ihe n'obi. N'ụzọ dị mwute, na-elekọta mmadụ na omume omenala nke oge a ọmụma n'ji bụ ezughị okè. Na nke a, sharply ewelite ajụjụ ọ bụghị nanị nke na o inweta data, kamakwa banyere ha mgbochi na nzuzo, karịsịa n'ebe ndị nnweta nke onye na-emegide iwu ikike ka nzuzo na ndị dị oké mkpa iwu ndokwa metụtara ndị ozi.

The nsogbu nke data nzuzo ndị ụwa

Otu nke na ọnọdụ maka ịnọgide nzuzo nke ozi ohere bụ arịa amamihe - gụnyere site n'iwu nke ikike arịa amamihe na mmepe nke n'aka ọmụma nchebe.

Dị ka isiokwu na 1228 nke Civil Usoro, na-ede akwụkwọ nke N'ihi nke ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ọrụ bụ nwa amaala site onye kere kere onye dị otú a N'ihi. Ọgụgụ isi iwu na-adabere n'ebe iwu iwu metụtara ndị ozi ka a nanị dere iji pụta ọgụgụ isi na ihe ọrụ na ya ezi uche na-ekwe ka ma ọ bụ agọnahụ ha were ndị ọzọ.

Category nwebisiinka

Ọzọkwa, ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ihe onwunwe na-agụnye ikike metụtara copyright. Otu n'ime ha - ikike nke performers na-arụ ọrụ, phonogram-emepụta, ma ọ bụ USB Broadcasting òtù, nkwusa, database na-emepụta, Ikike nchọpụta Kemịkalụ, iche iche nke ulo oru aghụghọ, na ịba uru ụdị, ahia aha, ụghalaahịa, akara, ọrụ akara.

ndụ nke

N'oge, nnukwu nsogbu nke piracy nke ozi n'ihi na eziokwu na data nchedo, nyere mmepe nke oge a na ozi teknụzụ, ike-nyere na zuru. The nke na-mgbagwoju anya ọ bụghị naanị site na mmepe nke dị iche iche na iche iche nke software, nke na-enye otutu ohere IZIRỊTA ohi. Onye complexity bụ enweghị doro anya ibiere ịchọpụta na iwu na data nchebe. N'etiti ụdị nke iwu na-akwadoghị ojiji nke software ike mara dị ka ndị iwu na-akwadoghị nnweta na mmepụta nke ọmụma na ngwaahịa. Data Protection Act na na, na ọzọ ekele dị ka imebi copyright.

iwu na-akwadoghị nnweta

- Softlifting ( "nkịtị na-ezu ohi") - nnweta nke a ikikere oyiri nke software na na na wụnye ya na otutu kọmputa mebiri nke okwu nke ikike agreement.

- Unlimited Client Access - ịzụta nzukọ ikikere software na-arụnyere na onye ma ọ bụ karịa na kọmputa (ma ọ bụ na-arụnyere na nkesa a ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke ndị ahịa na ụlọ ọrụ netwọk), ma n'ezie nwụnye nke ụlọ ọrụ nkesa na oghere ohere ọ na ndị ọzọ ọrụ karịa kpọmkwem na ikike agreement.

software Nkesa

- Internet piracy - etinye ụfọdụ azụmahịa software ngwaahịa na Internet (nke mere na ọ bụla onye ọrụ nke web nwere ike ibudata ma ọ bụ detuo software), nakwa dị ka na-emeghe ohere pirated software (ma ọ bụ a ire nke a obosara ebe netwọk).

- Arumaaru ma ọ bụ counterfeiting - na-nyere site imepụtaghachi ndị iwu na-akwadoghị oyiri nke ikikere software (na nke a dị otú ahụ a oyiri nke ikike na-agbala na ikike).

- Iwu na-akwadoghị Iṅomi nke software mpụga media (diski, ebe nchekwa kaadị) maka nkesa (ma ọ bụ n'ire), ma na nke a otu ga-nyere na mbụ.

- Copy na ọrịre nke software akụkụ maka ha ụdi mmejuputa na ngwaike (ma ọ bụ bundled na ndị ọzọ na mmemme).

- Sales nke onwe onye kọmputa arụnyere unlicensed software.

- The ojiji nke na-abụghị nke azụmahịa software maka azụmahịa nzube. Ọ baghị uru software ekedepde agụmakwụkwọ ikike ma ọ bụ a ikike na a mmachi azụmahịa were (na nke a imebi ikike okwu). On nkwado a, degaara agụmakwụkwọ njikọ, dị ka a na-achị, pụrụ iche ego.

- Factory piracy - maka ire unaccounted maka surpluses na 'ibibi' na-agba osisi nke mmepụta. Nke a na ụdị piracy na-adị mgbe osisi na-amị a ukwuu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbipụta nke ngwaahịa, karịa nwere ikike (ma ọ bụ na ihe banyere emenyụ ndị remnants consignment). Otú ahụ na ngwaahịa na-adịghị lere ya anya na mgbe e mesịrị, n'ụzọ megidere iwu na-ere.

Legal ndabere nke technical data nchedo

Nka na ụzụ nchedo ozi dabeere na ndị na-esonụ ụkpụrụ:

- "The nchedo n'enweghị ikike ohere ọmụma na nkọwa nke okwu.". Onyeisi oche nke Russian State Technical Commission mkpebi (30.03.1992).

- "akpaghị aka Systems Technology Ozi Protection bụrụ na nke n'enweghị ikike ohere ihe akpaghị aka nhazi ọkwa usoro na ozi nche chọrọ ..." Onyeisi oche nke Russian State Technical Commission mkpebi (30.03.1992).

- "Computer ngwá Firewalls Chebe megide n'enweghị ikike ohere nchedo egosi megide n'enweghị ikike ohere ọmụma ...." Onyeisi oche nke Russian State Technical Commission mkpebi (25.07.1997).

- "nchebe nke ozi usoro metụtara n'enweghị ikike ohere software ngwaọrụ nke ozi nche nhazi ọkwa larịị nke akara nke enweghị undeclared atụmatụ ..." Onyeisi oche nke Russian State Technical Commission mkpebi (04.06.1999).

Ọ ga-eti na oru nchedo ozi ugbu a na-agụghị oké formalized ọrụ. Na ndị ọzọ okwu, nke ikpeazụ nwere abụghị ụzọ maka idozi taa.

Specificity nke ihe isi ike na-ahazi teknuzu nchedo

- The ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ihe na-emetụta ndị na-ewu ihe irè ozi nche.

- Nsogbu guzosie ike kpọmkwem mbụ input data.

- Nsogbu na mgbakọ na mwepụ ụzọ nweta kacha pụta maka nchịkọta input data.

definition nke echiche nke ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ihe onwunwe nsogbu

Akwụsịtụ site iwu iwu nke ọmụma na ikike arịa amamihe ghara ọma manye ha. Na mgbakwunye na elementrị wayo e nwere ọnọdụ ụfọdụ ebe a ngwọta maka ichebe ikike a na zuru bụ nnọọ ekwe omume n'ihi na nke ngwọju-anya ọbụla.

Ka ihe atụ, otu n'ime mfịna mbipụta na-ekpebi ihe iwu chọrọ maka nchedo nke ọmụma bụ a reverse engineering software ụkpụrụ ọma (mmemme mgbanwe, na-anata igodo, na ojiji nke algọridim na mbupụ, na ndị ọzọ onwe ozi). Na otu aka, reverse engineering software na-eje ozi dị ka a bara uru izi ngwá ọrụ, na ndị ọzọ - ọ na-ahuta ka ihe ịda iwu nke nwebisiinka na software koodu. Ka ụbọchị, enweghị ihe ọmụma banyere mgbalị iji gosi n'ụlọikpe ndaba nke ikpe nke reverse engineering. Ọgba aghara ndị a na-adịghị kpebiri n'ogige nile, na dị ka ogologo dị ka ọnọdụ adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, arụmụka banyere legality na ụkpụrụ ọma nke nzaghachi software mmepe ga-anọgide na.