Landscape ese. Russian odida obodo na-ese

Site n'oge immemorial, ndị mmadụ nwere na-amasị okike. Ha kwuru na ha na ịhụnanya site n'ịkọwa ya na dị iche iche mosaics, Bas-tụrụ osise. Ọtụtụ oké nka nwere ewepụtara ha creativity sere Okirikiri. The osise, nke na-egosi oké ọhịa, oké osimiri, ugwu, osimiri, na ubi, n'ezie, na-adọrọ mmasị. Ma i nwere na-asọpụrụ oké nwe bụ zuru ezu, yi na n'ụzọ mmetụta uche gabiga n'ọrụ ya ịma mma na ike nke ụwa gbara anyị gburugburu. Ọ bụ a odida obodo na-ese na ha biographies ga-atụle n'isiokwu a. Taa, anyị ga-ekwu banyere ọrụ nke oké ese nke dị iche iche ugboro.

Maara nke ọma odida obodo na-ese ndị na Asaa narị afọ

Na na Asaa narị afọ biri a ọtụtụ nkà ndị mmadụ na-ahọrọ na-egosi ịma mma nke okike. Otu n'ime ndị kasị ama bụ Klod Lorren na Jekọb van Ruisdael Isaac. Na ha na anyị ga-amalite anyị akụkọ.

Klod Lorren

French artist Claude Lorrain odida obodo a na-ewere na nchoputa nke classicism oge. Ya osise bụ n'ụzọ adabako okè mejupụtara. A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke technology K. Lorrain bụ ike flawlessly ebunye ìhè anyanwụ, ya ụzarị ekere ke mmiri , na na. D.

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ndị Maestro A mụrụ France, ọtụtụ ná ndụ ya ọ nọrọ Italy, ebe ọ gara mgbe ọ bụ nanị afọ 13. N'ụlọ, ọ laghachiri naanị otu ugboro, ma mgbe ahụ ruo afọ abụọ.

The kasị ama ọrụ nke C. Lorrain bụ sere "View nke Roman Forum" na "Port View si Capitol." N'oge anyị a, ha nwere ike hụrụ na ndị Louvre.

Jacob van Ruisdael Isaac

Jacob van Ruisdael - nnọchiteanya nke nsiridi - mụrụ na Netherlands. N'oge njem ya na Netherlands na Germany, na-ese dere ọtụtụ ọwọrọiso ọrụ, nke na-ji a nkọ iche nke-aj u, ịrịba ama na agba na coldness. Onye na-egbu ihe atụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ na foto a pụrụ iwere "European na-eli ozu."

Otú ọ dị, onye na-ese ọrụ ahụ abụghị naanị ndị gbarụọ osise - o e sere na ime obodo Okirikiri. The kasị ama arụ ọrụ na-atụle ga-"obodo View of Egmond," na "Landscape na mmiri-na nkume igwe nri."

XVIII narị afọ

N'ihi na sere nke XVIII narị afọ e ji a otutu akpali atụmatụ, na oge a bụ mmalite nke a ọhụrụ ntụziaka na kwuru ụdị art. Venetian odida obodo na-ese, ihe atụ, na-arụ ọrụ na ebe dị otú ahụ dị ka odida obodo umu (aha ọzọ - vedutny) na ụkpụrụ ụlọ (ma ọ bụ obodo). A vedutny odida obodo, n'aka nke ya, subdivided n'ime ezi na ihe dị egwu. A ma ama na nnọchiteanya nke kediegwu Veduta bụ Francesco Guardi. Ya pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche na Usoro bụ anyaụfụ nke ọbụna n'oge a odida obodo na-ese.

Francesco Guardi

Enweghị isịneke, ọrụ ya niile bụ ọwọrọiso maka n'ụzọ zuru okè ezi n'ọnọdụ, magburu onwe na agba mmeputakwa. Okirikiri nwere ihe ụfọdụ na kpokọtara mkpesa, ha bụ nanị agaghị ekwe omume ka akwa ya anya.

The kasị mma nke ọrụ ya nwere ike na-akpọ ihe osise "festive ship Doge" bucentaur "," Gondola na laguunu "," Venetian n'ogige "na" Rio dei Mendicanti ". All nke ya osise bụ echiche nke Venice.

Uilyam Terner

Nke a na-ese bụ a nnọchiteanya nke romanticism.

A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke ya osise bụ ojiji nke multiple shades nke odo. Na odo palette na ghọrọ a isi n'ọrụ ya. Master kọwara site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ndị a shades metụtara ya anyanwụ na-adị ọcha, nke na ọ chọrọ ịhụ na foto.

The kasị mara mma na-adọrọ ọrụ Turner bụ "Gesperidsky Garden" - a mma odida obodo.

Ivan Aivazovsky Ivan Shishkin

Ndị ikom abụọ a - n'ezie na kasị ukwuu n'ime ama Russian odida obodo na-ese. First - Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovsky - ọ kọwara na ya eserese ebube oké osimiri. Naa nke ọcha, ka ogbu mmiri na ebili mmiri, ịgba ụfụfụ, n'iyi megide n'akụkụ ụgbọ mmiri lurched, ma ọ bụ jụụ, serene mbara, illuminated site mwube anyanwụ - seascapes ụtọ na itu n'anya na ha naturalness na ịma mma. Itunanya bu na, dị otú ahụ a odida obodo na-ese na-akpọ seascape. Nke abụọ - Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin - mmasị na-egosi oké ọhịa.

Na Shishkin na Aivazovsky - a odida obodo na-ese narị afọ nke 19. Ka anyị biri na biography ndị a ndị mmadụ ọzọ.

Na 1817 a mụrụ ya otu onye nke ụwa kasị ama mmiri ese, Ivan Aivazovsky.

A mụrụ ya ka a n'ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya, nna ya na ihe Armenian na-azụ ahịa. Ọ dịghị ihe ijuanya na eziokwu na-eme n'ọdịnihu Maestro nwere a adịghị ike maka mmiri mmewere. Mgbe niile, na ebe omumu nke artist ghọrọ Theodosius - a mara mma ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri obodo.

Na 1839 Ivan gụsịrị akwụkwọ na St. Petersburg Academy nke Arts, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ maka afọ isii. On ịke nke artist e mmetụta ọrụ nke French mmiri ese Karl Werne na C. Lorrain, onye dere, sị ya canvases site n'ụkpụrụ iwu nke Baroque-Classicism. The kasị ama ọrụ I. K. Ayvazovskogo a na-ewere ihe osise "The Ninth Wave", mere ke 1850.

E wezụga seascapes, oké artist na-arụ ọrụ na ihe oyiyi nke agha Mpaghara (a doro anya atụ - na sere "The Battle", 1848), na-ewepụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ya eserese gburugburu nke Armenian akụkọ ihe mere eme ( "Gị JG Byron Mkhitarists Obibi nso Venice." 1880 g).

Aivazovsky bụ kechioma iji nweta ịrịba ama n'ụbọchị ya. Ọtụtụ odida obodo ese onye ghọrọ ama ke ini iso, enwe mmasị n'ebe ọrụ ya, were ya atụ. Ọ nwụrụ oké kere na 1990.

Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich A mụrụ January 1832 n'obodo Elabuga. A ezinụlọ nke na e me Vanya bụghị baa nnọọ ọgaranya (nna ya bụ onye bara ọgaranya ahịa). Na 1852 Shishkin amalite ọmụmụ ya na Moscow School of sere, nke ọ ga-apụta jide nzere afọ anọ gasịrị, na 1856-m. Ọbụna n'oge ọrụ nke Ivan Ivanovich oké pụrụ iche mara mma na unrivaled Usoro. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na na 1865, maka sere "View nso Düsseldorf" I. I. Shishkinu e nyere aha nke academician. Ma mgbe afọ asatọ, o nwetara aha nke prọfesọ.

Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ odida obodo ágbá, Shishkin ese si ndụ, na-etinye a ogologo oge n'èzí, na ebe ọ dịghị onye pụrụ ichegbu.

The kasị mara ihe osise nke oké na-ese na-"Backwoods" na "Morning na a pine Forest", dere na 1872, na mbụ sere "ehihie. Na gburugburu Moscow "(1869)

nkà ndụ mmadụ ama etre ke ini utọ 1898.

Ọtụtụ Russian odida obodo na-ese na na ide ya canvases nwere ọtụtụ nkọwa na yi agba. The otu nwere ike kwuru banyere ndị nnọchiteanya abụọ nke Russian sere.

Alexei Savrasov

Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov - odida obodo na-ese nke ụwa aha. Na ọ na-atụle nchoputa nke Russian in-a me odida obodo.

Mụrụ a pụtara ìhè nwoke na Moscow na 1830. Ebe ọ bụ na 1844 Alex malitere ya ọzụzụ na Moscow School of sere na ọkpụkpụ. Ugbua na-eto eto ọ na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site pụrụ iche talent na ikike ka onyinyo nke Okirikiri. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị nke a, n'ihi na ezinụlọ mere, nwa okorobịa ahụ na-amanye ka ịkwụsịtụ ọmụmụ ya na ịmaliteghachi ya nanị mgbe afọ anọ.

The kasị ama na hụrụ n'anya na-arụ ọrụ Savrasov na-, N'ezie, ihe osise "The Rooks Ndi Abịawo". Ọ e gosiri na a na-ejegharị ejegharị ngosi na 1971. Ọ dịghị obere na-akpali bụ eserese I. K. Savrasova "rye", "nzube ka ha meworo", "Winter", "Country Road", "Rainbow", "elk Island". Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị nkatọ, onye ọ bụla nke ọrụ nke onye na-ese anaghị eji tụnyere ya masterpiece "The Rooks Ndi Abịawo".

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na Savrasov dere ọtụtụ mara mma osise na-ama ama a maara dị ka ndị na-ede akwụkwọ nke ebube osise anya ichefu banyere ya ruo ogologo oge. Na na 1897, ọ nwụrụ na ịda ogbenye, sikwara ike njite nsogbu ezinụlọ, ọnwụ nke ụmụ na-aba n'anya na nduzi.

Ma ihe ka odida obodo na-ese Ọ nwere ike na agaghị echefu echefu. Ha bi na ya eserese, si mmasi nke breathtaking, na anyị nwere ike isi na-enwe mmasị taa.

Nkera nke abụọ nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ

Oge a e ji jupụta ebe nile na Russian nka nke ebe ndị dị otú dị ka n'ji odida obodo. Na nke a akwara, anyị na-arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ Russian odida obodo ese, gụnyere Makovskiy Vladimir Egorovich. Ọ dịghị obere maara nke ọma nka nke oge ndị Vasily Polenov, Arseny Meshchersky, nakwa dị ka na mbụ kọwara Aivazovsky na Shishkin, onye ọrụ nwere na n'etiti-nkera nke abụọ nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ.

Arseny Meshchersky

A mụrụ na nke a maara nke ọma artist na 1834 na Tver n'ógbè. Education o natara na Imperial Academy nke Arts, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ maka afọ atọ. The isi gburugburu nke na-ede akwụkwọ si osise aghọwo oké ọhịa na oyi Okirikiri. The artist mmasị egosi na ya eserese, ebube echiche nke Crimea na Caucasus, ya n'oké ugwu. Na 1876 ọ ghọrọ onye na prọfesọ nke odida obodo eserese.

Ihe ịga nke ọma ma ama nke ya na eserese nwere ike-atụle ihe osise "Winter. Icebreaker "," View of Geneva "," Oké Ifufe na Alps "," The Forest Lake, "" Southern Landscape "," ụdị na Crimea. "

Ke adianade Russian uwa, Meschersky nwekwara ibuga mma nke Switzerland. Ná mba a ruo oge ụfọdụ ọ na-enwekwu ahụmahụ a nna ukwu nke odida obodo sere Calama.

Na nna ya ukwu bụ ụtọ nke sepia na osise. Na ndị a usoro, ọ bụkwa kere ọtụtụ ebube.

Ọtụtụ ihe osise nke onye na-ese na-ewere owụt ke ngosi ma na Russia na mba ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ nwere oge ịghọta talent na n'echiche nke okike onye. Pictures Arseniya Mescherskogo-anọgide na-na-amasị ọtụtụ ndị na-na-ụtọ nke nkà, na n'oge a.

Makovskiy Vladimir Egorovich

Makovskiy V. E. mụrụ na Moscow na 1846. Nna ya bụ onye a ma ama na-ese. Vladimir kpebiri-agbaso nzọụkwụ nna ya na natara ya nkà mmụta na Moscow School of sere, ọkpụkpụ na Architecture, na mgbe gara St. Petersburg.

Ihe ịga nke ọma nke ya osise na "Ichere. N'ụlọ mkpọrọ, "" The ida nke ụlọ akụ "," Anya "," bie ụlọ "na" Spring orgy. " The ọrụ tumadi-egosi ndị nkịtị na-adị kwa ụbọchị Mpaghara.

E wezụga anụ ụlọ Okirikiri, nna ukwu nke o, Makovsky nwekwara ese osise dị iche iche ihe atụ.