Malitere ịrịa ọrịa

Nnukwu akụkụ okuku ume malitere ịrịa nje - a nnukwu ìgwè ọrịa na-ma morphologically na clinically yiri onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Ha ime ka ihe mgbu na ọrịa nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro, dị ka ndị pneumotropic nje. The ugboro ole nke ụdị malitere ịrịa ọrịa awakpo agbụrụ mmadụ na-adabere na oge nke afọ, ọ na-ike ụba na ụbịa-oyi oge. Otú ọ dị, ha igbasa mgbe niile, ọbụna na-abụghị jupụtara ejupụta oge na ndị mmadụ bi.

Ndị a nje na-kewara abụọ dị iche iche: ndị RNA-nwere (parainfluenza, influenza, akụkụ okuku ume na syncytial virus) na DNA-nwere (adenoviruses). Na n'ahụ mmadụ dị ka ndị na nke ndị ọzọ na-ada site na airborne nnyefe ụzọ. N'etiti ihe niile SARS kasị mkpa ụmụ mmadụ ike site mmetụta ha na ozu nwere adenoviral ọrịa, na influenza na parainfluenza.

Influenza - nnukwu akụkụ okuku ume na malitere ịrịa ọrịa, nke e mere site influenza nje. Nani onye ọrịa na-efe efe ndị ọzọ. Abụọ ma ọ bụ ụbọchị anọ bụ incubation oge. The mbụ adakarị ịrịba ama nke ọrịa mmalite bụ tracheitis, nwere ike iso mgbe nnukwu bronchitis. The influenza nje nwere ndị na-esonụ na mmetụta na-ahụ:

- immunosuppressive mmetụta,

- mgbochi nke neutrophil ọrụ (gbochie phagocytosis), monocytic phagocytes (ibelata phagocytosis na chemotaxis) nke dịghịzi usoro n'ozuzu (emepe anataghi apụta na-egbu egbu dịghịzi okụre);

- cytopathic utịp ke epithelium nke oghere eji ekunye ume na bronchi (ya emee dystrophy, necrosis na desquamation);

- vazopaticheskoe mmetụta (plasma- na haemorrhages, stasis).

The immunosuppressive mmetụta nke virus na vazopaticheskoe emetụta accession nke abụọ ọrịa. Nke a bụ a local (oyi baa, rhinitis, tracheitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis) na izugbe (dyscirculatory ọrịa, mbufụt, mbelata nke parenchymal mkpụrụ ndụ) mgbanwe na-eme ka malitere ịrịa ọrịa na.

Ọ bụghị mgbe niile na mmejuputa iwu-nke virus na mmepe nke nnukwu na-efe efe usoro. Ọ dịkwa ike latent (asymptomatic) na-adịghị ala ala ụdị ọrịa ahụ, nke nwere oké njọ pụta, karịsịa na perinatal daa ọrịa.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-azụlite a nwayọọ ụdị flu, ọ na-ewe a mma na-agwụ mgbe ise ma ọ bụ ụbọchị isii zuru mgbake na mweghachi nke mucous.

Ọ bụrụ na influenza nke agafeghị oke ogo, na-enweghị nchịkwa na usoro aka ọ bụghị nanị na nke elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract, kamakwa nta bronchioles, bronchi na akpa ume parenchyma. The bronchi na oghere eji ekunye ume mbufụt amalite serous-hemorrhagic, mgbe ụfọdụ, necrotic foci na mucosa. Exodus moderately oké flu n'ozuzu mma: mgbake n'akparamagwa banyere a ọnwa. Ma ọ bụrụ na ya emee na gwụ ndị mmadụ, ụmụaka, ndị agadi, na ndị na-ọrịa obi, na oyi baa nwere ike amalite. N'otu oge ahụ nwere ike ime ka cardio-akpa ume odida na ọbụna ọnwụ.

Na oké influenza, e nwere ụzọ abụọ nke mmepe:

- flu-dị ka ụtụtụ ọrịa,

- influenza na akpa ume nsogbu.

Mgbe ọrịa bụ oké influenza toxicosis emee ngwa ngwa general igbu egbu. N'ihe banyere fulminant N'ezie omume influenza akpa ume edema, na obere hemorrhages na ụbụrụ, esịtidem akụkụ, mucous membranes na akpụkpọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe dị otú ahụ ikpe, na-abịa ọnwụ. Na-emekarị nke a pụtara na anọ ma ọ bụ ise nke ọrịa site na-agba ọbara n'ime mkpa emmepe ma ọ bụ na ndabere nke na-amụba akụkụ okuku ume na nsogbu.

Parainfluenza - nnukwu flu-dị ka ọrịa mere site a parainfluenza virus. Ọ e ji ọnya nke elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract, nakwa dị ka a obere igbu egbu. Ọrịa na-akasị ụmụ, ma e nwere mgbe ahụ bụ otụk na okenye. Mgbe parainfluenza ibili laryngeal edema na nnukwu laryngitis, nke bụ mgbagwoju anya na asphyxia ụgha croup.

Adenovirus ọrịa - nnukwu akụkụ okuku ume malitere ịrịa ọrịa ndị adenoviruses. Ụdịdị nke nnyefe ndị yiri ka ndị na-e ji mara nke ọzọ nnukwu akụkụ okuku ume malitere ịrịa nje. The isi mmalite nke ọrịa ndị dị ka ndị a ndidi na a virus ụgbọelu. Ofufe Ọrịa e ji airborne nnyefe ụzọ. N'otu oge ahụ na-emetụta elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract, lymphoid anụ ahụ, conjunctiva nke anya. E nwere ihe abụọ na ụdị nke ọrịa: ìhè na arọ. N'ihi nwayọọ ụdị e ji mmepe nke nnukwu rinolaringotraheobronhita na catarrhal ụdị nnukwu conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, na mpaghara lymphadenitis. Na oké ọrịa ji n'isonyere abụọ ọrịa, nke na-ebilite suppuration, necrosis na morphological mgbanwe akụkụ.

Prevention of malitere ịrịa ọrịa

Ga-eri ihe oriri na vitamin, karịsịa vitamin C. Unu echefukwala eyịm na garlic, n'ihi na nje ha nanị "egwu". Ọtụtụ mgbe dị n'èzí na ventilet ụlọ, n'ezie, na-amanye ikuku mgbasa ga-belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nje n'ime ụlọ.

Jide n'aka na-eji otu ugboro n'izu general ihicha. Malitere ịrịa ọrịa ndị "egwu" mgbe anyị na-agbaso onye ọcha mgbe ịsa aka na ncha na mmiri. Ọzọkwa bara uru bụ mgbe gargling na ṅachasịrị ma ọ bụ na-atanye imi saline ngwọta. Ya mere, anyị belata ịta nke virus na nasopharynx.