Mebiri nke elu ọbara: thrombosis na embolism

Ọrịa nke etiti na elu ọbara amalite dị iche iche ihe. Otú ọ dị, na-adakarị foto nke ọnọdụ nke-ahụkarị na recognizable N'ọnọdụ nile. Na ịwa omume, nke a bụ a na-enwekarị nsogbu, nke na-agụnye ọtụtụ enweghị nchịkwa ọnọdụ, otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ na-emetụta n'ọbara.

Akpata ọbara ọrịa

Egbochi ndị nkịtị ije nke ọbara arịa nwere ike dị iche iche ọnọdụ:

1. The lumen nke arịa bụ agaghi aga. Nke a kwere omume na ikpe nke na occlusion (e.g., thrombus ma ọ bụ atherosclerotic e dere ede) ma ọ bụ ibelata (stenosis).
2. Enweghị nchịkwa mgbidi mgbanwe (hypertrophy nke ọbara mgbali elu).
3. Apịpụta akpa si n'èzí (e.g., akpụ).
4. Mmebi nke vaskụla mgbidi.
5. Mgbanwe ọbara rheology.
6. Mbenata olu nke ekesa ọbara (n'ihi na ọbara ọgbụgba, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ).
7. Ẹsụhọde ọbara mgbali (ujo, obi ọdịda).
8. The daa ọrịa nke obi (ntụpọ, obi ọdịda), nke na-ebelata olu nke ọbara ejected n'oge systole.

All nke ọnọdụ ndị a pụrụ imetụta ọbara eruba dị ka isi na elu vaskụla ọrịa. Bụrụ na nke nsogbu na obi, hemodynamic n'ọgba aghara, mgbanwe ọbara olu, enweghị nchịkwa clotting usoro ọbara ekesa bụ isi obula - si kasị ka nta ọbara arịa. Obodo otu aghara (stenosis, thrombosis, vaskụla mgbidi hypertrophy) na-gosipụtara na na ebe kpatara.

Akpata ọrịa nke elu mgbasa, ụkpụrụ, otu dị ka ndị center. Otú ọ dị, na-ekwu okwu nke daa ọrịa nke ọbara na mpụta, bụ isi na-agụnye obodo ọbara ọrịa.

Mebiri nke elu ka ọbara na ịwa - bụ isi a ọnọdụ metụtara cessation nke ọbara ka obodo thrombosis, embolism, clamping arịa atherosclerosis. All ndị a na-ekwu, (na wezụga, ikekwe, nke atherosclerosis) bụ ihe ngwa ngwa, na-achọ ozugbo aka.

Mebiri nke elu ọbara: mgbaàmà

Gịnị bụ egosiwokwa obodo cessation nke ọbara? Anụ ahụ, hụrụ onwe ha na-enweghị ihe zuru ezu ọbara esenyịn, na-amalite na-enwe ischemia, n'ihi na ugbu a na ha adịghị enweta achọrọ oxygen maka kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ. The ukwuu enweghị ike, na cell ọnwụ emee ihe ngwa ngwa. Na enweghị ndị dị mkpa aka na-emepe emepe ure anụ (m. E. necrosis anụ ahụ na-efunahụ ọbara ọkọnọ).

Mebiri nke elu mgbasa nke ala ụkwụ - kasị dị ịrịba atụ. ọbara ọrịa na nke a nwere ike ịzụlite na mberede ma ọ bụ nwayọọ nwayọọ.

intermittent claudication

Ndị kasị Ugboro akpata ọnọdụ a bụ atherosclerosis ala N'ịdị akwara, nonspecific aortoarteriit, thromboangiitis obliterans. Ọbara eruba na arịa na-agbajikwa ruru ka ibelata nke lumen site nwayọọ nwayọọ atherosclerotic e dere ede growths ma ọ bụ ndim nke mgbidi dị ka a N'ihi nke na-abụghị kpọmkwem mkpali mmeghachi omume.

Mebiri nke elu ọbara na nke a na-egosipụta ndị na-esonụ na-adakarị picture:

1. akwụ ụgwọ ogbo. Ọ e ji ọdịdị nke adịghị ike na ụkwụ, cramps na erughị ala na ndabere emega ahụ. Otú ọ dị, ihe mgbu pụtara nanị mgbe na-eje ije na a anya nke bụghị ihe na-erughị 0.5-1 km.
2. Nzọụkwụ subcompensation. Kwụsị na-eje ije, n'ihi na ihe mgbu na ụkwụ mgbe a ndidi na-amanye 0.2-0.25 km. Lower aka na ụkwụ na-ata ụfọdụ mgbanwe n'ihi na enweghị nke ọbara esenyịn: a ọtọ, akọrọ, dị peke peke akpụkpọ, kenkuwa mbọ, thinning nke subcutaneous abụba oyi akwa. Ripple na akwara na-ebelatawo.
3. Nzọụkwụ decompensation. Na-eje ije-enweghị ihe mgbu bụ omume n'elu a anya nke bụghị ihe karịrị 100 m. E muscle n'iyi ma, ikpa-aghọ mkpa-gbaa ya akpụkpọ ya elu na a plurality nke cracks na ọnyá-ya.
4. Ogbo ebibi mgbanwe. Ke idaha emi, ọbara eruba na arịa na-fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam kwụsịrị. Lower aka na ụkwụ na-kpuchie na sores, karịsịa n'oké ikpe, ure anụ amalite mkpịsị aka. Sharply belata ike na-arụ ọrụ.

N'ezie, elu ka ọbara na a daa ọrịa amalite ogologo. Tupu ure anụ ogbo na-aga a otutu oge, n'oge nke ị nwere ike na-dị mkpa jikoro iji gbochie zuru cessation nke ọbara.

Ọbara thrombosis na embolism

Na nke a, e nwere oké imebi nke elu ọbara, awa ole na ole nwere ike na-eduga mmepe nke ure anụ nke N'ịdị, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị-adọ aka ga-nyere.

The thrombus na akwara nwere ike kpụrụ ihe atherosclerotic ihe e dere ede, ebe nke mbufụt na mgbidi arịa ma ọ bụ mmebi. A na-akpọ embolus, thrombi me ọbara mmiri iyi ọzọ òkè nke vaskụla bed. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, arịa lumen kpamkpam egbochi, ọbara eruba na-akwụsị, anụ ahụ na-amalite na-enweta ischemia ma na-anwụ (ure anụ amalite) na ogologo oge ichebe ọnọdụ a.

Clinic nke nnukwu elu ọbara ọrịa

The kasị mgbanwe dị ngwa nke mgbaàmà hụrụ embolism, n'ihi na nke a na cessation nke ọbara pụtara na mberede, na-ahapụ dịghị ekwe omume n'ihi na compensatory mgbanwe.

The mbụ awa abụọ ọrịa ahụmahụ oké mgbu aka na ụkwụ. Nke ikpeazụ na-aghọ icha mmirimmiri na oyi na aka. Pulsation na distal akwara anọghị. Nke nta nke nta, ihe mgbu mbelata, na ya, muted na uche ruo full ná Nkụnwụ. Motor N'ịdị ọrụ na-atakwa emecha amalite mkpọnwụ. Nnọọ anya, irreversible mgbanwe ime na nsụkọrọ na ha ọnwụ. Thrombosis nke picture, ụkpụrụ, otu, ma mmepe nke ọgwụ na-adịghị otú ngwa ngwa. The uto nke thrombus achọ a ụfọdụ oge, ya mere, ọbara na-ozugbo agbaji. Dị na nhazi ọkwa Savelieva iche ischemia ọkwa 3:

1. Ji uche ọrịa.
2. Jikọọ ije ọrịa.
3. Mgbe a na ogbo amalite anụ ahụ necrosis.

Mebiri nke elu ọbara: ọgwụgwọ

Ụzọ e si eme adabere na ogo nke ischemia, na ọsọ nke mmepe nke irreversible mgbanwe arọ. Nnukwu impairment nke elu mgbasa achọ ịwa ahụ ọgwụgwọ. Na ihe omume nke a jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-arịa ọrịa nke ọbara na nkebi nke akwụ ụgwọ a eti utịp nwere ike nweta, na mgbanwe ọgwụ.

Operations na nnukwu ọbara ọrịa

Conservative ọgwụgwọ bụ adighi ike na nke a, t. K. Ọ bụghị ike kpam-ebibi clot na iji wepụ ihe mgbochi na ọbara. Ya oru-ekwe omume nanị na ikpe nke oké comorbidity zuru ezu compensatory Jeremaya mere. Mgbe stabilization onye ọrịa, ịwa maka ewepụta a ọbara clot si arịa lumen. Belata ọbara dị ka ndị a. The lumen nke emetụtara akwara n'elu mkpọchi Fogarty catheter, site nke na-emepụta a thrombus mwepụ. N'ihi na iwebata nke catheter ịwa ahụ ohere a rụrụ n'ogo nke bifurcation nke ndị femoral akwara (na ọnya nke ala ụkwụ), ma ọ bụ brachial akwara (n'ihi na elu na nsọtụ ọnya). Mgbe n'ịrụ arteriotomy Fogarty catheter bụ elu na mkpọchi nke arịa ahụ site a thrombus, a rụrụ site na ihe na-egbochi, wee buo ya na steeti a na-natara. Inflated balloon ke n'ọnụ nke catheter captures na entrains na thrombus.

Na ihe omume nke a thrombosis na ubi nke organic mgbanwe nke arịa mgbidi dị elu likelihood nke nlọghachi azụ. Ya mere, mgbe mweghachi nke ọbara dị mkpa ịrụ a kpara reconstructive n'ịwa ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ e ulo oru na mepụtara ure anụ N'ịdị bepụ ụkwụ na rụrụ.

Agwọ eji bibie ọrịa nke akwara

Conservative ọgwụgwọ n'isi ọrịa, nakwa dị ka contraindications na ịwa ahụ ọgwụgwọ. Basic ụkpụrụ nke ọgwụ:

1. Mkpochapu ihe na-eme ka a spasm nke akwara dị ka ịṅụ sịga, ịṅụbiga mmanya, hypothermia.
2. Oge akara aka antispasmodics.
3. Analgesics maka mgbu.
4. Belata ọbara viscosity site nhọpụta nke antiplatelet elekọta mmadụ na anticoagulants.
5. Diet iji na mbenata larịị nke cholesterol ke iyịp.
6. Statins maka normalisation nke lipid metabolism.
7. Ọgwụgwọ comorbidities imetụta arịa: ọbara mgbali elu, ọrịa shuga, atherosclerosis.

Otú ọ dị, ndị kasị dị irè ọgwụgwọ na-anọgide reconstructive ọrụ - na uzo (uzo anastomosis e kere eke), stent (stent n'ime lumen nke arịa).

Iji ichikota

The elu ọbara nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi dị iche iche ihe. Ọ dị mkpa ka anyị cheta na ogologo-ẹdude ma ọ bụ mee ka nnukwu ọbara aghara pụrụ iduga irreversible mgbanwe anụ ahụ na-eme na ure anụ ahụ.

N'ihi mgbochi nke obi ọrịa dị mkpa ịnọgide na-enwe a ike ndụ, na nri kwesịrị ekwesị, na-ezere àgwà ọjọọ, nakwa dị ka-adọ ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa, inye onyinye mmepe nke angiopathy.