Mesikwuru ihe slab. Mesikwuru ihe slabs: akụkụ, e ji mara, price

The ojiji nke na nkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ innovations karịsịa kwesiri ngosi na-ewu - dị iche iche ebe nke mbara ala apụta ụlọ ọrụ, na-ewu nke nke gaara jọgburu ụfọdụ oge gara aga.

New ihe, ọhụrụ igwe na ngwaọrụ ekwe ka ị na-ewu ọsọsọ, elu karịa, ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na. Ma, e nwere na-ewu technology ihe na anaghị ida ha mkpa maka a nnọọ ogologo oge. Nke a bụ ihe slab - ụkpụrụ mepụtakwara ọkara otu narị afọ gara aga, ma ọ pụrụ ime na-enweghị ihe ndị kasị futuristic oru ngo.

patent 1867

Ọtụtụ ndị maara akụkọ nke French ubi Zhozefa Mone, nke bụ mgbalị iji mee ka ha mkpa ewusiri ihe gbọmgbọm etiti nke metal n'iwu ma kpuchie ya a oyi akwa nke ciment ngwa agha. Ihe monolithic ngwaahịa nwere Njirimara apụghị iru maka ihe ndị ọzọ. Monier patented na mba dị iche iche, ụzọ nke mmepụta nke mesikwuru ihe dị iche iche na aghụghọ, gụnyere ndị ha na e nyere ihe slab mgbidi na partitions.

Professional ewu ụlọ mere ha mmegharị mmepe nke nchepụta: o nwere oyiyi akwa nri n'etiti oyi akwa nke ihe, na mgbawa gosiri na ọnọdụ nke mkwado onu ga-ahọrọ dabeere kpọmkwem ọnọdụ, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ ibu etinyere bughi unit. N'ihi ya, kwụ RC slabs mesikwuru na ezi uche, ịtụkwasị mkpara nso na ala ụgbọelu nke efere, - ebe kasị ukwuu tensile agha.

Improvement technology

Taa mesikwuru ihe na-nyere ndị Njirimara chọrọ maka ndị kasị nanị ọnọdụ. Force ọcha - mkwado ngịga - bụ ewepụghị na gbasara ohere pụtara prestressed (Eriri, Doo) mesikwuru na mma bughi e ji mara. Dị iche iche ihe admixtures ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ mee ngwangwa ọnọdụ na ike mmepe. Mesikwuru ihe na ọtụtụ-eji ewu dị ka a pụrụ iche, otu ihe, na oke, echekwa ụlọ.

Processability, ike, anwụ ngwa ngwa, mmiri, bio- na ọkụ, aku na uba - a uru ga ọnọdụ ojiji nke mesikwuru ihe na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Monolithic RC slabs ma ọ bụ njikere maka prefabricated ụlọ ewu ga-achọ a nnọọ ogologo oge, n'ihi na, gụnyere ndị ọzọ, iso nke eke Efrata, ndị a na aghụghọ bụ environmentally friendly na-adị mfe arụgharịrị na reused.

Ụdị ihe slabs

N'ebe ngwa bụ na-akwanyere ùgwù na ntọala, okporo ụzọ na n'ala slabs. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ngwaahịa nwere ike arụpụtara ke a factory wee gaa na-ewu ihe owuwu ma na-arụnyere. Ọtụtụ mgbe mesikwuru ihe slab, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ na ngwaahịa prefabricated ụlọ, bụ ofu site ịgbado ọkụ site agbakwunyere metal akụkụ.

The osisi nwere ike arụpụtara na mpaghara. The monolithic slab dị ka ntọala na ngwa maka n'etiti n'ala na ụlọ uwe, karịsịa-eji na ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-abụghị ọkọlọtọ ije ebe ngwa siri kreenu chọrọ maka echichi nke precast ihe ngwaahịa. The ahịa awade a zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ngwaọrụ (gụnyere casing), na-eme usoro ọnụ na onwe-ewu.

sere n'elu ntọala

Nke a isi Ọdịdị n'okpuru ụlọ - bụghị ọnụ ala nhọrọ, ma ọtụtụ mgbe - kacha. Monolithic mesikwuru ihe slab, ugboro na okwu nke ihe ndepụta nke elu mgbidi akpa n'ala, mgbe mgbe, a na-akpọ a-ese n'elu mmiri na ntọala. Nke a pụtara na ibu na onye akụkụ nke ụlọ a na-ebute site ná ntọala ala uniformly kwuru na-arụ ọrụ dị ka otu mmewere, ọ bụghị n'okpuru deformation ruru awụ ọsọ Ona, nnukwu omimi nke kefriza ma ọ bụ elu ala ebe. N'ezie, ihe niile a na-emetụta ndị na ntọala slab, gbuo ha na kwesịrị ekwesị àgwà.

Otu ihe dị mkpa na dịtụ oké ọnụ si niile echiche nke ogbo ngwaọrụ nke a ntọala bụ iji kwadebe a ájá isi, nke ga-akpụzi efere. Ị ga-arụrụ a ụfọdụ ego nke gwupụtatụrụla, jupụta na kọmpat ájá - awụfu mmiri ma ọ bụ compaction.

Echichi nke ntọala efere

The ala oyi akwa a na-emekarị akpọrepu geotextile nke na-adịghị ihihi n'ime ala ngwọta. Mgbe ahụ, a leveling ihe nkwadebe maka waterproofing. Mgbe ekwesi nke a oyi akwa a unrolled mpịakọta waterproofing overlapping na gluing.

Mkwado bụ a ngwaọrụ abụọ interconnected ntupu n'ígwé. Mkwado Ogwe nke ala oyi akwa na-arụnyere na pụrụ iche clamps, nke mere na ọ na-recessed na ihe oyi akwa. Concreting conveniently rụrụ na na tree igwekota Truck, Concrete nfuli, wdg Mgbe Jizọs gwọchara oge tọrọ ihe slab, ntọala dị njikere maka ndị na-ewu ụlọ ahụ.

A monolithic n'ala slab

N'ọnọdụ dị otú a ala-na-na ịrị elu ụlọ n'ala slab na-igba na formwork na ebe, na-eji nnọọ mgbe. A na e nwere kpọmkwem prerequisites. E wezụga izugbe ka ihe àgwà ọma - ike, ọkụ na-eguzogide, edo nkesa nke aghọta nchegbu - e nwere ihe uru ị na-ahọrọ na technology. Chief n'etiti ha - enweghị mkpa maka oké ewu na ngwá na-ekwe omume nke overlapping ngwaọrụ nke ọ bụla udi plan ele.

Gbakọọ chọrọ efere ọkpụrụkpụ na ya mkwado atụmatụ na-kacha mma ekpe ndị art. N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ ọ dị mkpa iji mara ndị na-esonụ. Efere abụghị thinner karịrị 150 mm, na slab ọkpụrụkpụ na-ekpebisi ike site na ogologo nke overlapped aperture na nso nke 1:30 - 1:35. Mgbe nwee ume dị mkpa iji na-echeta banyere ike ihu efere U ekara na L ekara brackets.

technology Atụmatụ

E nwere ọtụtụ nhọrọ maka reusable formwork maka monolithic slabs na ahịa. Ma ịzụta ya oke ọnụ maka amu amu-ewu ihe. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ohere na-a ọkachamara snap, na nke ga-abụ ihe kasị mma nhọrọ - a nkwa nke na-agba na àgwà nke overlapping ngwaọrụ. Na nke ọ bụla, a ga-eji dị ka a support telescopic racks bụ ihe ndị ọzọ ga-adaba adaba karịa mbadamba ma ọ bụ Ogwe, dị ka na-etinye na-boo formwork dị ezigbo mkpa.

Concreting dị mkpa na-ebu na otu nzọụkwụ, na compaction na jijiji ngwakọta. Ọ bụ atọ ndị mbụ ụbọchị moisturize ịgba ihe iji zere cracking si mkpumkpu ihicha.

precast ihe

Construction nke ụlọ nke ihe ngwaahịa arụpụtara na pụrụ iche factory akara, a na-ewere ndị kasị mma maka uka multi-storey residential ụlọ. Ma obere size of cottages prefabricated slabs - nnọọ ekwesị nhọrọ. Prefabricated mesikwuru ihe slab - a dị ọnụ ala karịa nhọrọ nke yitewere, ha nwere ike n'ịnyịnya ọ bụla ihu igwe, na-agba nke na echichi bụ nnọọ elu.

Siri ike iji nnukwu precast slab ibu nke na-mesikwuru ihe slabs. Ha akụkụ bụ ọkọlọtọ - nke a ga-sonye na akaụntụ na imewe ogbo. Nsogbu ọzọ - mkpa a kreenu, ọbụna n'ihi na a obere ebe yitewere.

Types of prefabricated slabs

Solid, siri ike efere eji maka pụrụ iche owuwu na mmiri: ka gwara ọcha ma ọ bụ ọwa nke nsochi usoro nkwukọrịta ngwaọrụ. Ha na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site elu ike na ibu ibu.

Efere enwe a okirikiri ma ọ bụ aak ekara longitudinal cavities, Mkpa ọkụ na nwere mma ụda na okpomọkụ mkpuchi e ji mara. oghere-isi ihe slabs - ụdị nke ngwaahịa na-eji maka precast slabs. Ha na-eji ụlọ na a ike ihe etiti, prefabricated ewu, brick mgbidi, wdg adabaghi ike ga-eji maka ebikwasị of Gịnị maka dị iche iche ngwa - .. Electric, ala-voltaji.

The atọ ụdị - ribbed ma ọ bụ hipped, mgbe mgbe na-eji na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ kpuchie nnukwu jikọrọ abụọ abụọ. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke slab n'ọnụ ewepu ike - nke 140-160 mm.

prestressed mkwado, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke ike-ha yiri arụmọrụ monolithic w / w ala-eji maka mmepụta nke slabs.

Standard nha nke efere

The ojiji nke precast oghere n'ala kwesịrị nyere na ogbo nke emebe n'ọdịnihu ụlọ. Standard nha nke efere nwere ike ịbụ a ikpebi ihe na mmepe plan nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ụlọ. Yitewere, nke ga-achọ na-abụghị ọkọlọtọ shapes ma ọ bụ efere nha nwere ike ịbụ kwa oké ọnụ.

Ya mere, imewe ga-enye maka ojiji nke ọkọlọtọ formats: efere ọkpụrụkpụ - 220 mm, obosara - 1, 1.2 na 1.5 m, na ogologo - si 2.4 ka 9 m, a otutu nke 100 mm.

Ụzọ nke mmepụta nke slabs

Na mmepụta nke abụọ isi ụzọ na-eji oghere-isi slabs. One - na ihe ọdịnala, iji reusable shuttering Ebu maka slabs mgbe nile, gaghị agara size ụkpụrụ. Mgbe nwụnye nke oyiyi akwa na ọcha akpụ voids, na ebu jupụtara ihe mix na kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ iji mee ngwangwa usoro nke ime nke ihe na-eme ka ha dị ike. Nwetara n'ụzọ dị otú a ihe slabs GOST 9561-91 akụziri akara letters PC.

Na ọzọ - a-aga n'ihu - na-adọrọ mmasị site na efere na-anọchi na a kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ kapet dị ka a na-aga n'ihu rịbọn nke 100-200 mita n'ogologo eji a pụrụ iche na ịkpụzi igwe. Prestressing bụ nke ụdị tensioned ígwè ụdọ chọrọ ngalaba. N'elu na-eru a na-ogo ngwakọta ike teepu a na-ebipụ ya na a diamond ngwá ọrụ n'ime agba nke chọrọ ogologo na ọbụna na chọrọ n'akuku. Concrete slabs na-nwetara, onye price bụ 20% obere karịa nke ot ngwaahịa - cassette - mmepụta usoro. Akara akara dị otú ahụ efere PB.

Designations oghere n'ala slabs nwere ọtụtụ alphanumeric odide dị iche iche. Ha na-anọchi anya ụdị, ogologo ya ma obosara na decimeters, imewe ibu (kPa), na ụdị na klas nke mkwado. Ihe Nlereanya: PC 63-12-8- ATV - a efere ya na gburugburu cavities 63 DM n'ogologo, a obosara nke 12 DM, ibu ikike - 800 kilogram kwa m ^2, ATV - style akaị.

Echichi nke prefabricated ogwe

Àgwà nke precast slab-isi slabs na-adabere na kwesịrị ekwesị nkwadebe maka gbakọta, site n'iji nlezianya na ezi nwụnye nke usoro efere na mgbe nile na-nlekota nke usoro site e ji atụ egwú.

Iji hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na ndị na-ewu nwere ike na-emezu ihe e kpere n'ụzọ ziri ezi ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ amị efere na a mgbidi ma ọ bụ kọlụm. The kacha omimi nke amị họrọ dabeere na mgbidi Ọdịdị, ihe site na nke na-amị owuwu. Ka ihe atụ, na metal ibé zuru ezu 70mm amị efere na mesikwuru ihe mkpọ - 75 mm, mgbidi nke brick - 90 mm.

N'ihi na mgbidi, nke ihe eji dị ọcha nke ala amị ikike - ìhè ihe blocks, ma ọ bụ gas silicate Polymer panel, na-emekarị n'elu ọkachamara nwere ike ikwu na ike a ihe mkwado Ịtọ ụgbụ, na nke ga-adabere slab.

na-ewu ụlọ professionalism na-kwupụtara n'ụzọ doro anya na N'ezie nke nzukọ prefabricated slabs. Ọ bụrụ na kpọgide slabs agbakwunyere akụkụ welded ka onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-ewe ebe na-enweghị unitary akụkụ, na random n'efu valvụ - kwesịrị ga-eche nche, kwa oké ihe ize ndụ nke mbibi ofụri ụlọ Ọdịdị.

efere ụzọ

The ngwaahịa a na-akpọ slab - a parallelepiped na akụkụ nke ọkpụrụkpụ dị nnọọ obere karịa n'ogologo ma ọ bụ n'obosara. Nke a n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-emetụta ndị pavement slabs. Ha na-eji mkpuchi siri ike n'ụzọ ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ airfield runways. Ndị dị otú ahụ a mkpuchi nwere ike na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ ruo nwa oge, ie. E., ndị a efere ga-eji ọtụtụ ugboro, na nke a bụ otu n'ime uru nke technology. ihe slab ngụkọta oge a rụrụ dabeere na ubi nke na ngwa, ibu na-zubere mkpuchi na ọrụ ndụ.

Mgbe Ịtọ pavement slabs dị ezigbo mkpa ka qualitatively ebu ndị dị mkpa nkwadebe nke isi - na-emekarị a eji ehi ura oyi akwa nke gburu nkume na gravel, na ájá fom chọrọ ọkpụrụkpụ na njupụta.

Ịmata Ọdịiche efere ụzọ na airfield, maka na-adịgide adịgide ma ọ bụ ruo nwa oge mkpuchi. Ha dị iche na ọkpụrụkpụ na ụdị ngwaahịa na-eji ya rụpụta valves. All ndị a data na-ekere ke akara etinyere na efere.

Ihe Nlereanya: 1P30.18-30AV - mesikwuru ihe slab, akụkụ - 3000h1750 mm, maka na-aga n'ihu mkpuchi (2n - nwa oge) gbakọọ n'okpuru ụgbọala erikpu tọn 30, ihe nwee ume ígwè mee na klas AB.

nhọrọ ziri ezi

Họrọ otu nhọrọ site na ndị na-ewu na ntọala ahụ, mgbidi, ala ma ọ bụ pavement na runways enyere ọma-e ngo ogbo. Modern osisi nke ihe na-enye a dịgasị iche iche nke okokụre akụkụ maka mkpa ụfọdụ nke ndị na-ewu usoro.

Ịzụta ihe slabs, nke price bụ nnọọ ihe ezi uche, na àgwà - eme ihe norms na ụkpụrụ, bụ nnọọ ezigbo.