Mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, n'ihi gịnịkwa? Gịnị afọ Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia ọzọ?

Golden-domed Moscow, bụ isi obodo ndị Russian Federation - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na nke kasị mara mma obodo mba anyị. Ọ bụ ezie na obodo a na-atụle ga-na-eto eto, o nwere a ọgaranya akụkọ ihe mere.

Onye wuru Moscow

Moscow na-ewere na nchoputa Yuri Dolgoruky, nwa nke isii Vladimir Monomakh na ada nke English eze Harold. Ọ bụ Grand Duke wuru osisi mgbidi Kremlin. N'eziokwu, Dolgoruky bụghị mgbe gara wuru obodo, na ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị ụfọdụ obere okwu nke ya na-eleta. The ndị Kiev mere na-amasị onyeisi na mgbe ya na ọnwụ na Suzdal Zalesie n'agha ihe onwunwe ya ma na-a n'ezie otiti maka ndị obodo, bụ ndị, n'aka nke ya, na-akwanyere ndị Grand Duke. Dị ka Chronicle, Yuri toro ogologo, ibu ibu, na-acha ihu anya ya obere na nnukwu imi "ogologo na pokrivlenny", na-eto na ajị agba. Na biography of Prince gosiri na ọ bụ oké n'anya nke ndị inyom, hụrụ n'anya ezigbo nri na ihe ọṅụṅụ na niile echiche banyere enwe fun na-adị n'oriri karịa banyere mgbukpọ na agha. N'ihi na nke ikpeazụ o nwere ike na-enyefe ya nwenụ, ya ndika na proxies. Anyị makwa na Yuri lụrụ ọtụtụ ugboro: mbụ, nwa-nwayi nke Polovtsian Khan na mgbe ada nke Byzantine eze ukwu.

Ihe mere maka ịrị elu nke Moscow oge ochie Russia. Geography. Mbọ ịnọgide na Europe

E nwere dị iche hypotheses banyere ihe ndị mere maka centralization nke Russian ala na elu nke Moscow. Klyuchevskii kweere na ọrụ nke Moscow ihe gbasara onye isi ụba n'ihi na mma obodo ọnọdụ. Mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, uru ndị ọ osụhọde ke anya si Golden Horde, na Moscow River bụ njikọ na isi ụzọ azụmahịa nke oge. The isi obodo ọhụrụ enyene a praịm ọnọdụ, nke bụ putara ighe mma karịa nke Tver, Uglich ma ọ bụ Nizhny Novgorod. Ọ na-akwakọba ọgụ nkà na omenala nke rus omenala, agwakọta ha na European n'anya. Mgbe anyị chere echiche banyere ihe mere Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, ọ bụghị dịghị n'okwu a ọ na-ewe mmetụta nke Europe. N'agbanyeghị socio-akụ na ụba na mba anyị na ná mba ọzọ e nwere ndị yiri Filiks: na-emepe emepe obodo ike mmetụta nke atọ ala na ụlọ. Europe na Russia na-egwuri vzaimoaktivnuyu ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndụ nke onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Ọ bụ siri ike ikwu kpọmkwem ihe afọ, Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, ma na ọ mere na XIV narị afọ. Ọnọdụ nke isi obodo Moscow kere ruo ọchịchị Peter I.

Large oku ke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Moscow

Ego mere na kemgbe ahụ, mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia. City ugboro ugboro e kpuchiri site a na-agbawa obi ọkụ. Ozi banyere onye kasị ukwuu n'ime ha fọdụrụ mgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ. Na 1365 ọbụna na spring enwere a oké ọkọchị. Ghọrọ emighị emi osimiri, idebe a obere ego nke ọdịda. N'ọnọdụ dị otú a akọrọ oge e a ọkụ nnọọ mfe. Ya mere, site otu oriọna mebiri na osisi chọọchị. Strong ifufe adaha ọkụ na nwetara na osisi mgbidi Kremlin, si otú ndị bi na Moscow funahụrụ ha ebe nchebe pụọ ebibi raids. Ọ bụghị mgbe niile ọkụ mere na behest nke okike. Mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, ọ dọtara uche nke ndị iro. Ya mere, obodo mụnye ọkụ Lithuanian Duke Algirdas, Tokhtamysh Khan, Prince Gleb nke Ryazan na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ ndị agha oku ogbugba karịsịa detrimental utịp ke isi obodo. N'izo aka nnukwu ọkụ, anyị na-apụghị ileghara anya ọkụ n'etiti Agha 1812, mgbe Napoleon na ndị agha ya ulo-ikwū-obodo. Ọkụ erikpuo obodo ahụ dum. Ọrụ nke oru set ọkụ Moscow obodo na-adịghị wee onye iro.

Moscow e wuru

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbalị iche otú oge na Kremlin agbanweela ọdịdị ya, iji na-echeta na ihe na narị afọ Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia. Na mbụ, obodo ahụ nke osisi, na nọgidere otú rue ọbubu-eze nke Dmitry Donskoy, bụ onye na mkpebi na-eji dochie oak mgbidi nkume ọcha Kremlin, si na otu nkume ọcha ụlọ elu e wuru. Ihe kpatara nke ahụ dị mkpa mgbanwe a ọkụ, bụ nke na-kpuchie n'obodo ahụ, ma ọ na-adịghị kwukwara na mgbidi Kremlin ike, n'ihi na nkume ọcha rekasịrịla kama ngwa ngwa, na n'oge na-adịghị na-ewu "ese". Na 1485, ya na Italian architects jisiri wuo Kremlin nke chụọ n'ọrụ brick, dị nwughari emewo ọtụtụ iri afọ. Ọ bụ n'oge oge a, ndị Kremlin ụba ya ma were ihe ndekọ nke oge ufodu triangle. Ụlọ n'ime nwekwara undergone a ọtụtụ mgbanwe. Ihe e reconstructed ma wughachi si ọzọ na ihe onwunwe, ihe obi ịta mmiri bibie, ihe wuru ma kaa akara dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke na oge. N'oge ọchịchị nke Petra Velikogo Moscow Kremlin furu efu mbụ ya dị mkpa, ya mere na ọ bụ a ogologo oge na-emetụta mgbanwe.

Moscow kemgbe Soviet Union

Mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia ọzọ ọ gara na-ama na 1918. The ọchịchị kwagara obodo n'oge Akwa Russian mgbanwe n'ihi iyi egwu nke a German agha na Petersburg. The atụmatụ bụ ịkwaga isi obodo naanị n'ihi na oge na na Petrograd ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na-ebelata. Ụfọdụ ha megide ya, na-atụle dị otú ahụ nke soja na ụjọ, kama ịkpachara anya na ilepụ anya n'ihu. N'ịga isi obodo esonyere a gbawara n'etiti n'ime party Bolshevik isi chere, ma kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ mkparịta ụka, nke bụ otú na-abaghị uru na-emezughị, dechara site aghụghọ na uchu Lenin. Mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, ndị ọchịchị amalitelarị na-akpụ akpụ, ma a ka nwere ọtụtụ-enweghị afọ ojuju na mkpebi a, ya mere, iji chebe Latvian riflemen e zigara. N'okpuru Malaya Vishera ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke na Lenin bụ, ihu na echelon nke njikere deserters, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nke ikpeazụ karịrị ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agba ụta. Ma Latvians jisiri inapu ndị iro na ngọngọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè. Mgbe nke a mere, ozi-akwadebe maka nzube nke na nzuzo na ndị ọchịchị adịghị kwagara Moscow, na Nizhny Novgorod.

oge a na Moscow

Ugbu, Moscow - isi obodo nke Russian Federation. Na obodo a na-lekwasị emmepe nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na aku na uba na ngalaba. Kemgbe ahụ, mgbe Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia ọzọ, ya ọrụ amụbawo ịrịba. City nwere ike na-akpọ n'uche na n'obi nke mba anyị. Modern Moscow - a obodo ukwu nke iri na abụọ nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ agglomerations, isi obodo nke otu n'ime iri kasị ibu obodo na ụwa. Moscow aku na uba na-jikọrọ ya na ihe akụ na ụba ụwa, isi obodo na-ijeụkwụ na mba ndị mepere emepe, na obodo a, na-ewere ọnọdụ nke ndị mba ọzọ embassies na mba dị iche iche, e na-lekwasị nke kacha nke Russian obot. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-echeta, na nke Emperor Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, otu onye nwere ike iche n'echiche otú bara uru ya na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụfọdụ ụlọ nwere ike hụrụ, otú mara mma obodo maka njem nleta si gburugburu ụwa. Moscow bụ ume na ike nke mba anyị, ọ na-akwanyere ùgwù ndị ọzọ States.

Moscow Orthodox

The oge a isi obodo e weere a okpukpe center kemgbe oge ochie. Metropolitan Peter kpaliri ya obi si Vladimir na Moscow, nke ghọrọ ebe bụ isi nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-echeta, na ihe ọ bụla afọ, Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, ọ bụ ike ịghọta ihe otú okwukwe play n'ụbọchị ndị ahụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ ọnọdụ dị mkpa ka isi obodo o welitere ya ùgwù n'anya nke ndị bi. Onye na-akpọku Moscow atọ Rome. Na obodo a i nwere ike ịhụ ọtụtụ chọọchị na Cathedrals. A na akara nke Russia isi obodo bụ St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo (ruo mgbe nke iri na asaa na narị afọ maara dị ka Atọ n'Ime Otu), emi odude ke Red Square n'obodo center. Ọ bụ ihe na-akpakọrịta nke itoolu ụka ugboro lara ezumike, nke adanyekọta na ụbọchị nke bụrụkwa agha n'ihi na Kazan. Njem nleta si ọtụtụ mba na-anya na ihe si ndepụta UNESCO World Heritage Sites na Russia, wuru na ugboro Ivana Groznogo. Mweghachi a bụghị naanị na-agbanwe agbanwe ihu nke Katidral, n'ihi na ọ ghọrọ aja ọkụ na osisi Moscow, ma ọ bụghị efu ya mkpa na ọnọdụ.

Moscow n'ọdịnihu

City bụ bụghị ebe na-aga n'ihu ka ha webata. N'oge ahụ, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe omume ndị na-mara na atụmanya. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche, na ihe afọ, Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo Russia, dị nnọọ anya gburugburu. The isi obodo wuru na ọhụrụ, n'oge a na ụlọ, ma na-echekwa na na akụkọ ihe mere eme anya nke obodo. na ụlọ ọrụ na-mepụtara bụghị naanị anyị compatriots, ma Irish, British na Swedes, ie na mmepe obodo na-aka na Europe. The atụmatụ bụghị nanị na-amụba n'ógbè ahụ ugbu a ẹkedọhọde ise isi oru emetụta ukwuu n'ime landscaping ebe, mmụba nke ntụrụndụ ohere. The mgbanwe ga-emetụta ndị Moscow River. The atụmatụ agụnye n'ókèala embankments n'okpuru ntụrụndụ okụre, landscaping e a iche iche ebe ndị na-enwechaghị okporo ụzọ, ike kasị ebe - "ebe obibi isuo", nke aka mee ka mmiri Cleaner. Ọzọkwa, architects gwa Abigel ka ịme a ezumike raara nye osimiri. Nke a bụ nnọọ otu n'ime oru ngo, ma ọ bụ nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ turu ime, na-eme ka anyị kwere na eziokwu na naanị iri atọ afọ mgbe e mesịrị Moscow ga-agbanwe ọdịdị ya na n'ezie obodo nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu.