Mi-28N "Night Hunter": oru nkọwa na photos

Attack helicopters nke ụwa ebe ya na igba egbe na battlefields (dị ka o mere na afọ nke World War II) undergone mgbanwe dị ukwuu. Army isi na ụbọchị ndị ahụ na-enye ya ihe dị mkpa, nyere ọrụ nke auxiliaries: rotary-nku ugbo elu-eji isi maka esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke merụọ site n'ime ime ebe nke asakde iso ese. Nke a bụ ihe mere na Korea. Ihe malitere ịgbanwe na Vietnam, ebe US Army ji igwe ndị a na-awakpo ala zaa, iji kwadebe ha na obere aka ya na-rọketi na ngwá agha, na mgbe ahụ na natara mbụ agha helicopters. Yiri metamorphosis mere na Soviet Union, ọ bụ ezie na na ụfọdụ iche na obibia. N'ikpeazụ, onye na Soviet agha ọkachamara nwere ghọtara uru nke American akara nke ujo n'ihu rotary-nku ugbo elu. The N'ihi nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na obibia nke ụlọ ugbo elu emepụta ghọrọ Mi-28N. N'oge ọ na-atụle ihe kasị mma na ya na klas. Nke a bụ kpọmkwem ikpe mgbe ọ na-ekwe omume "ịchụkwudo ma chụkwute."

stormtroopers

N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, isi n'aka pinpoint etiwapụ na n'isi ụlọ ọrụ, nkwurịta okwu emmepe, tank ogidi ndị ọzọ dịtụ obere zaa ndị ugbo elu agha. Ke akpa mwute ụbọchị nke agha na ndị isi nke anyị agha atụba bombs "Junkers-87", nke nwere kama umeala ụgbọ elu arụmọrụ, ma n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-aghọta uru nke mberede. Kere KB Ilyushin "efe tank" IL-2 nwere ọtụtụ uru tụnyere ndị German analogue, isi n'etiti nke bụ a ezigbo vitality, n'ihi na ụma ò okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu na arọ agha, jikọtara na eku-amị ọrụ. Na ngwa nke helicopters ka stormtroopers mgbe ọ dịghị onye na ọbụna rọrọ, ma ndị a ụgbọ elu na-aghọta ihe dị ka osisi ọchị, nke obere ojiji maka agha na nzube. Mgbe iri afọ abụọ nke helikọpta ga-eketa kacha mma atụmatụ nke "efe tank" na ga-aghọ isi pụtara ìhè unit nke ikuku nkwado nke ndị agha n'oge kenkwucha arụmọrụ.

"Huey" na "ajụala"

Uh-1 "Iroquois", a na-akpọ American agha "Huey", ekele ya àgwà, ọ na-otu nke kasị uka-emepụta akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ mmadụ helicopters. Ọ bụ a pụrụ ịdabere na, mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, nwere ike na-ebu ọtụtụ n'ime a obere ngwugwu payload. Nke a multi-nzube helikọpta, na-eji ya dị ka a n'aka ọdịda, na-efe efe "ụgbọ ihe mberede" ụgbọala ma ọ bụ ikuku. Ọzọkwa Uh-1 jere ozi dị ka a ọkụ support aga-eme, ma a na-fledged "oku igba" nke aha ya bụ. Ihe mere maka vulnerability nke "Huey" bụ enweghị ihe agha nchedo - ọ bụ nanị pilot oche na mmanụ ụgbọala tank. Otú ọ dị ihe ịga nke ọma ndokwa ma dị ike propulsion e ji ọzọ igwe, "ajụala» AH-1 mepụtara site na otu ụlọ ọrụ, "Bell". Eri warara fuselage dochie a "ahu", "Huey", ndị na-anya ụgbọelu na-dị na tandem, otu n'azụ ọzọ, kewara na ha ọrụ. N'oge ahụ, onye na-akwọ ụgbọala ụgbọ ala, nke abụọ ahụ gbalịrị ịchọta na ibibi onye iro. More n'ime ụgbọ ala na ọ dịghị ebe ọ bụla, ihe niile bara uru ibu rie ihe agha. Ọgụ helikọpta Mi-28N ya isi circuit e wuru otu ụzọ.

The Soviet ụzọ nke mmepe nke ọgụ helicopters

Ka ọ dịgodị, na Soviet ụgbọelu gbalịrị ijikọ ọdịda na agha ọrụ na otu igwe. Iji a na-etinyere na otu usoro nke "agbaziri" nke ike osisi na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu atụmatụ, ma ihe ndabere e weere na Mi-8, ọtụtụ nkịtị Soviet helikopta. The N'ihi bụ ezigbo, ma ụgbọ ala bụ kwa ukwu na arọ. Mi-24 anya ọzọ dị ike na nnukwu obere "ubí", ma usụhọde ha na kraiptographi, ike zoro ezo obibia nke lekwasịrị na vulnerability. Always ziri ezi iji ahụmahụ nke ndị ọzọ, na o gosiri na Nchikota abụọ ọrụ na otu igwe adịghị mma n'ihi na ma nke ha. Ke adianade do, n'ihi na oge ebe ọ bụ na Vietnam Agha, America wee na mmepe nke ujo helicopters, eke a "Apache» AH-64, nke nwere isi ọmụma technology ngwá na aghọwo ụwa mbụ Ntụpụta elo rotary-nku n'ihu-akara agha ugbo elu. Afghanistan gosiri na ndị agha kwesịrị ọhụrụ ọgụ helicopters.

Ihe ịma aka - ịhụ na ọchịchịrị

Analogue "Apache" nwere ike na-akpọ Mi-28, nke nwere a ufọt ufọt 80s malitere na-emepụta Rostov Helicopter Plant. The ụgbọ ala dị nnọọ mma na ọtụtụ n'ihe karịrị esenidụt Ẹkot. Otú ọ dị, ahụmahụ nke ọgụ ojiji nke helicopters America ke ọtụtụ ọgụ egbe na-ekpughe ọtụtụ systemic flaws. Ọ tụgharịrị na-akpa àgwà unpredictably na ọchịchịrị ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ogbenye "Apache" apụta. N'oge "Operation Desert Oké Ifufe" a ole na ole ụgbọala, na US Army ka furu efu n'ihi na nkukota na ụwa na na onye ọ bụla ọzọ, n'agbanyeghị na e abalị ọhụụ na usoro. Irè "ọrụ" na ọchịchịrị na nke ajụjụ. Otu nsogbu na-akpagbu na gọọmenti etiti agha na Bosnia, Chechnya. The si eme nke n'agha okpuru bụ kasị dị irè dị nnọọ n'abalị. N'ọchịchịrị, onye iro na-achịkwa, rearranges na-akpata na mberede na-efega, mgbe nke, dị ka a na-achị, ihe ịga nke ọma-akpụ akpụ pụọ n'ebe dị nchebe. Ịrụ ụka a tactic ike na helikọpta - "Night Hunter", onye na-ahụ na ọchịchịrị na foogu.

The ọhụrụ helikọpta na isi iche

Mkpokọta Bureau aha ya. Nnù nwere a ike. Ịzụlite a ụgbọala ọhụrụ ná mmalite nineties, ọ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume, anaghị ezuru ego. The ndabere e Mi-28A, ihe kwalite mgbanwe nke Mi-28. Nzukọ akara na osisi na Rostov ọ bụ na-achọsi ike ka ọ ghara isi mgbanwe, mmepụta ama debug. Otú ọ dị, mkpa iji nyochaa ọtụtụ imewe na ozi atụmatụ ndị na-ama igabiga. Mi-28A na Mi-26H yiri nnọọ anya. Ma n'okpuru a yiri "ọdịdị" na-ezo a nnukwu ihe dị iche. The mgbanwe emetụta isi gearbox na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nkeji. Ọzọ bụ ngwá electronic ndị ọzọ mmiri na mgbakọ. Site ochie helikọpta anọgide a dị ike armored fuselage, ụfọdụ ngwá agha usoro na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu. E nwere ihe ọzọ nju na ịmata ihe dị iche ndị a ọgụ helicopters. Photos n'elu igwe, ya bụ na axis nke rotor, na-egosi a bọl. Na e nwere ndị niile na-ahụ "anya" nke dinta.

General ije

Ngwe Mi-28 na-wuru na ụkpụrụ nke dị mkpa echiche nke ise-emana ọgụ helicopters. 98% nke nzukọ nkeji arụpụtara ke Russia. The pupụtara na-mere nke ọtụtụ ihe mejupụtara polima na nwere a edo Ọdịdị nakwa dị ka profaịlụ na pụrụ iche aerodynamic àgwà, nke na-ebelata mkpọtụ na-emepụta site na ha. Bushings, na-emekarị na-adịghị mkpa oiling, nke ukwuu simplifies ọrụ. Na usoro, ndị na-emepụta nwere iji hụ na Mi-28N "Night Hunter" na ụgbọ elu e ji mara (takeoff ibu - 10,5 t, ọsọ - 300 km / h, n'uko - 3600 m static, ike 6,000 m, ọgụ na ibu - karịrị 2 t) bụ abụghị usụhọde bụ isi ihe nlereanya, nke pụrụ ime nke aerobatics na nnabata na ụkpụrụ biiri ndokwa, ntinye akwụkwọ na mbiputegharị nke isi mkpa ọnụ. Atụmatụ obibia ya bụ ime ka ụgbọ ala a kiberorganizm na ya sensorics na ikike na-eme n'otu ntabi egwu ndị na-ebilite na N'ezie nke ọgụ ozi.

ACS

The akara usoro na-ike dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere omume. All data chọrọ iji mezue ozi na-egosipụta na atọ meziri na onye ọ bụla nke abụọ dịpụrụ adịpụ ntu. Ozi nhazi rụrụ atọ onboard kọmputa na multiple elu processors. The interface nwere ihe na-emeghe ije na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịgbanwe arụmọrụ aga-eme. Ergonomics cabins okè.

The Mi-28N "Night Hunter" n'onwe ya na-akọwa ya na-achịkọta. N'ihi nke a ọ na-enweta ihe niile usoro akara ọmụma si mpụga ebumnobi isi mmalite: thermal sensọ, ese foto na onboard ngwa anya locator (RLS "Crossbow") etinye na axis nke rotor. N'ihi ihe ọmụma banyere gbasara ohere ọnọdụ na-enye ọtụtụ mkpa atụmatụ nke omume nke igwe, dị ka ike na-efe na oké ala karị (5 mita), akpaka ndiiche si mgbochi (okporo osisi, osisi, ike nnyefe akara na-akwado, wdg), Ọ bụghị banyere nkukota na ala.

ogbunigwe mgwo agha

Isi nzube nke kere helikọpta "Night Hunter", - omume nke hostilities na ọnọdụ nke ala Nzipụta ma na ya zuru anọghị. Ya ụzọ, bụ Mi-28, na niile na-akwanyere onye pụtara ìhè ụgbọ ala, tinyere na okwu nke firepower, otú ahụ nso nke ogwe aka Mi-24N n'ozuzu akuko na prototype tooling. Gun, 30 mm na ụta agbanwebeghị (2A42) ka ya rotary usoro eme agbapụ na azụ akụkụ nke a Ụwa (110 degrees) na a ndiiche nke 53 degrees ekwesị. Ikekwe, ọ ga-anọchi ọbụna ihe zuru okè ngwá, mepụtara kpọmkwem maka Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" bụghị ma ọkọdọ Bibie nke ike mmetụta, nke na-egbochi na-agba n'ụzọ ziri ezi. egbe ibu, belata na-akpali ya nso ka center nke ike ndọda nke igwe, dị ka na-ama kwuru, engineer nnù.

akụ ụta

Edu agha "Ataka-V" pụrụ tie na supersonic ọsọ ọ bụla armored iche, ọbụna veiled oge. Nnyonye anya na ya anaghị arụ ọrụ - ọ ga-agabiga foogu, anwụrụ ọkụ na ájá. New ATGM "Ataka-D" amụbawo ka 8 km nso. Ma, ọ bụghị mgbe nile, na-arụ ọrụ nke Kacha ọhụrụ Russian helikọpta eji ndị akụ ụta. E nwere dị ọnụ ala karịa na mfe n'aka mbibi, nke a na-ebu Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" nwere ike ime Nursi C-13, C-57 ma ọ bụ C-80, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-anaghị achọ elu kpomkwem, jikọtara na agha. N'ezie, ndị nile na Alụwo Mi-24, bụ na ngwá nke helikọpta, plus ihe ọzọ. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ pụrụ itinye minefields.

Na ikpe nke na-ọnụ ọgụgụ agha nwere ike ịbụ ọnọdụ nke onye iro ụgbọ elu ga-anwa ime ka ala Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" ga-enwe ike rebuff Tammy "ikuku - ikuku" P-73 bụ ike ibuso ikuku zaa, nwere nnukwu maneuverability na ọsọ.

Protection na nnapụta

Home ịgba akwụkwọ a helikọpta bụ ya na nzuzo. Ọ nwere ike na-abịa na a ala elu, zoo n'azụ ọ bụla mgbochi, na-ekpughe na ha Rada. The-arụ ọrụ nwere oge na-agbalị na-amata ọnọdụ, ime mkpebi na ozugbo agha, see iro-ha nile firepower. Against iro ntụ ozize bụkwa ihe na-echere. Infrared agha afia ga-ekenyela si thermal akara ukwu nke igwe, na igbogbo ọka HC-26 gbara ala na a n'echiche nke homing warheads.

Kokpiiti nyere na okirikiri ntinye akwụkwọ. Nchedo nyere site na 10-mm aluminum alloy mpempe akwụkwọ na-edebe seramiiki n'ígwé. na-ejegharị armored iko nwere a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 43 mm (isi-on) na 22 mm (mpụta). The pilot oche na ọrụ na-na-ekewa agha efere.

Nke a akpachara anya adịghị ka ukwuu n'okpuru onye iro dị ike ọkụ. Ke adianade do, etinyere na imewe usoro belata vulnerability nke dị oké mkpa mmiri, ya bụ:

- Engines na-spaced tinyere n'akụkụ, nke na-ebelata ihe gbasara nke puru nke a n'otu oge ọdịda nke projectile mgbe kụrụ;

- na helikọpta bụ ike iru isi na otu engine, nke na-akpaghị aka na-enyo na ozugbo na zuru ike;

- kacha eji pneumatic n'aka;

- mbiputegharị nke isi na usoro.

Nyere Anyị na-akwọ ụgbọ nke na-abịanụ ize ndụ anya, na ikpe nke na kpọọ helikọpta nduzi usoro ha mara banyere ya kama na-enwe ike ime ihe iji zọpụta ụgbọ ala, ma ọ bụ na ihe ndị kasị ọnọdụ ọjọọ, ndụ ha. Bailout na-arụ ọrụ na abụọ ụdịdị, oke nke nke na-adabere n'ịdị elu (ruo 100 m ma ọ bụ karịa). N'ihi ya, ọ a égbè pupụtara na nku ogwe.

Ma na-enye a siri ike ọdịda mode. Armchairs na ọdịda gia na-e dị otú ahụ n'ụzọ dị ka iji kwụọ ụgwọ ndị ọkụ na belata ike nke mmetụta na n'ala. Ke ofụri ofụri, CB injinia mere ha kacha mma na-arụ ọrụ ndụ bụ dịghị ihe ọzọ na o kwere omume n'ihe ize ndụ.

The mbupụ version

Analysis nke kenkwucha oru na arụmọrụ nke "Night Hunter" na-eduga ná nkwubi okwu bụ na Russia na ndị agha bụ ihe kasị mma ọgụ helikọpta na ụwa. Ọ bụ ike nke na-arụ ọgụ ọzọ ke kasị sie ike na ọnọdụ: na ngụkọta n'ọchịchịrị, foogu, anwụrụ ọkụ na ọkụ. Na nke a, na-arụ ọrụ nwere nnukwu ohere iji zọpụta a ndụ ọbụna n'ọnọdụ ndị kasị wetara dịruru ná njọ n'ọgbọ agha. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na ọ bụghị nanị na Russian Ministry of Defense, kama ná mba ndị ọzọ chọrọ iji kwadebe ndị agha ya Mi-28N. Photos of igwe ndị a na nnọchianya nke Air Force nke Egypt, Algeria na Iraq pụtara na pịa anya, o kwere omume na na ụfọdụ Latin American mba, ha ga-echebekwa mba ọdịmma. Nwere mmasị dị ukwuu "Night Hunter" ma gosi na Swedish ọchịchị. N'ezie, bupu version bụ dị iche iche si esịtidem Russian instrumentation na-ejuputa ụfọdụ atụmatụ nke ngwá agha usoro.