Novgorod na Moscow isonyere. Na ihe na narị afọ bụ Great Novgorod njikọ Moscow

Na n'etiti XV narị afọ, ihe ndị kasị mkpa ọrụ, nke nwere ịnagide Ivan III of, e weghaara na Moscow na Veliky Novgorod. Ma, ọ bụghị naanị contender maka ala. Ha ikike ka ha na-agbalị na-egosi na Ukwu Duchy nke Lithuania.

Mmalite nke agha

Ọ bụ mba na nzuzo na Moscow akụkọ ihe mere eme ka mgbe e jikọrọ ha na Novgorod. The mgbọrọgwụ nke ndị agha na-aga azụ na feudal agha biiri ọkụ n'etiti ụmụ Prince Dmitry Donskoy, nke dịruru ọtụtụ iri afọ - si 1425 na 1453.

The isi agha ọzọ e Vasiliy Temny na Dmitry Shemyaka. Mgbe e meriri na agha nke ike bụ ikpeazụ ebe mgbaba Novgorod. Vasily Ọchịchịrị ịga nke ọma 1449 banye a ọrụ na-enye onwe ha kpum na Lithuanian isi na mgbe Polish eze Casimir IV na onye ọ bụla nke ndị ọzọ ga-anabata na ókèala ya ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emegide onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Ọzọkwa, Lithuania ka kwetara dobe wakpo na Novgorod. Mgbe 4 afọ nke Basil na-enyemaka nke ya kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi nsí Shemyaka.

nkwekorita nke yazhelbitsy

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Novgorod bụ juru na ọbara agha. Otu n'ime ha mere na 1456 na a obodo a na-akpọ Ruz. Mgbe ahụ Moscow agha na-enwe ike iji ya ezi mfe na fọrọ nke nta na-enweghị ndị na-eguzogide. Ma ha na-adịghị anya agha Novgorod agha. Bi na Moscow n'okpuru idu ndú nke ya gọvanọ na Striga Basenko zoro n'azụ a snow-kpuchie elu. Ha malitere agbapụ akụ bụghị na Novgorod dike na ịnyịnya ha. E a ọgbaghara. Novgorod ha ejiji dị arọ agha, ya mere ha nwere ike na-alụ ọgụ na par na ndị bi na Moscow. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ ndị boyars e jidere ma ọ bụ gbuo.

N'ihi ya, Moscow nweela a zuru mmeri Novgorod. N'otu oge ahụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbụ party agha bụ ugboro 20 na-erughị abụọ. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị na Yazhelbitsy Vasiliy Temny were Embassy gawa site Akwa Bishop Novgorod Euthymius II na a na-ele na-agba udo nkwekorita. Mgbe ụfọdụ mkparita uka, ndị ọzọ aka a bilateral nkwekọrịta. Dị ka ya, na losers aghaghị ịkwụ ụgwọ-eto eto a zuru ezu nnukwu indemnity, amounting 8 puku. Rubles. Ma isonyere Novgorod na Moscow na-ewere ọnọdụ. Ọ nọgidere na onwe ha.

Ọnọdụ dị mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke udo

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Novgorod, na-ekwu na na 1136 ọ ghọrọ nnọọ mbụ freestyle Republic dị na ókèala Kievan rus. Ọ mere a kwuo uche alụmdi dị ka Chamber. Ọ adị ruo mgbe ihe omume ndị merenụ na annexation nke Novgorod ka Moscow. Ma, n'agbanyeghị nke a, ọ bụghị ihe niile nke obodo ahụ nọ na ihu ọma nke nnwere onwe nke ala ha dị njikere ịlụ ọgụ maka ya.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama eziokwu na ikike nke nkịtị nke-akpata dị mgbe ọ bụghị na-akwanyere ùgwù, na ndị ogbenye bi, nke gụnyere serfs, ha niile na-efunahụ nke ikike ịbụ ugbu ke Chamber. Ọdịiche n'etiti ndị ọgaranya na ndị ogbenye bụ oke buru ibu, otú ahụ ka ndị nkịtị nke Novgorod abụghị ọkụ n'obi na-alụ ọgụ na Moscow maka ikike nke boyars.

Na 1460 Grand Duke Vasily bịara ọrụ nnọchite anya obodo na Novgorod maka mkparita uka. Ma ụmụ amaala ha megide ya na ọbụna nwaa igbu ya. Ya mere mebiri ọzọ agha, nke a na ikikere site Bishop Jonah, ịmaja ndị Novgorod na Tatar mbuso agha ọnụ na ndị bi na Moscow.

3 afọ mgbe ịga Novgorod Prince of Moscow, Republic jụrụ ịga agha support Pskov, jụrụ inyere ya aka iru kwụsịrị ọgụ nke Livonian knight. Help si Moscow. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị Novgorod were n'ihu ọha ọjọọ ọnọdụ na-akwanyere Pskov. N'oge a, ọ kpebiri agha maara ihe iwu nke Prince Ivan III.

ọhụrụ nghọtahie

Novgorod J.Randall niile oge mgbe nile nsogbu abụọ agbata obi na-ekwu, zuru ezu dị ike - Moscow na Grand Duchy nke Lithuania. Boyars ndị maara nke ọma na na-onwunwe-ha ga-ekwe omume naanị na ihe omume ahụ na njikọ aka ha na otu n'ime ha.

Moscow akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ezo aka n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na eneni ala njikọ dị na Novgorod. Ma ama na-arụ ụka maka na ha jikọọ aka na Duchy nke Lithuania, n'ihi na ha na-atụ anya na-ejigide niile ha ùgwù, mgbe nkịtị na-akwado ndị Moscow Tsar, n'ihi na iru-ya ha hụrụ, karịsịa Orthodox onye na-achị.

Akpata agha

The oge, nke jere ozi maka a ibugo onu na May 1471 na Great Novgorod, bụ asịrị kwuru na-egosi na ọtụtụ ndị boyars, gawa site Marfoy Boretskoy nwaanyị di ya nwụrụ onyeisi obodo aka nkwekọrịta na Lithuanian n'akụkụ vassalage. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ kwere na ndị a asịrị bụ nanị ihe mere ime ihe ike. Ma, e nwekwara ndị eziokwu na Novgorod jụrụ ịghọ ndị na-esote onye na Lithuanian onyeisi. Ọzọkwa, ha na-achọ ka ike a ọzọ onwe ha nke Moscow, chọọchị. Ọ bụ ya mere nkuzi megide Novgorod enwetara ụdị agha megide si n'ezi ofufe dapụ na mweghachi nke Orthodox Faith.

ọzọ mkpọsa

N'oge a na agha ihe megide ndị Republic gawa na Moscow Prince Daniel Kholmsk. M ga-asị na ọ bụ a bukwanu ize ndụ, ebe ọ bụ na mmiri na afọ gbapụrụ nnọọ oyi, na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu ma gbazee snow ike budata nwayọọ na tupu nke ndị agha na-atụ. Ma ịdị na-eyigharị mkpọsa enweghi ike. Zolotaya Orda na Grand Duchy nke Lithuania dị njikere abịa enyemaka nke Novgorod.

N'oge mbụ nke mkpọsa e nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta na-enweghị ọgụ. Moscow agha effortlessly weghaara obodo nke mba ahụ, otu mgbe ọzọ. Naanị ke ufọt ufọt July ẹkenịmde Shelonskoy agha. N'ọgbọ agha, ndị agha kwetara Novgorod, esịnede 40 puku. Man, na 12000th agha nke onye iro. Ga esi a agha kpebiri dị ike agha Moscow agha. Emezighituri haziri ahazi Novgorod ike n'iru dika onslaught.

2 izu mgbe Shilonskoy agha, e nwere onye ọzọ agha nso Shilengi River. Ọ na-ahụ biri na mmeri maka bi na Moscow. Mgbe ahụ malitere mkparita uka maka udo Korostyn.

Ndị na-esi nke nkwekorita

N'ihi ya, Novgorod nwere ịhapụ patronage nke Polish-Lithuanian King Casimir IV. Ke adianade do, losers ugwo banyere 15 puku. Ruble, na eziokwu ghọtara elu nke Moscow onyeisi. Ya mere mkpọsa na 1471 bụ karịa na-aga nke ọma. O gosiri na ndị nkịtị nke Novgorod, na iche na boyars, adịghị chọrọ agha na ndị agbata obi ha.

Part nke eke nke Republic ama a foregone ọgwụgwụ. Ma ikpeazụ Novgorod njikọ Moscow ga-ebe nanị mgbe 7 afọ.

ikpeazụ mkpọsa

N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1477 bụ akpa Novgorod ọrụ nnọchite anya obodo rutere Moscow. Ma, ọ tụgharịrị na ọ e zigara vechem, na a njuaka boyars. Ha chọrọ a ngwa ngwa ma na definitive ude nke ọchịchị nke Moscow, na-enye ha nri na-ejigide ya nile n'ala na akụ na ụba. Nke a ka a mụtara na Novgorod. Chamber na ole na ole sochirinụ pro-Moscow boyars e gburu na wee ike na-akwado nke Lithuanian onyeisi. Ma ha na-achị ya adịteghị.

Na October 1477 ikpeazụ ibugo onu na Republic n'okpuru idu ndú nke Ivan III. N'oge a, ndị Novgorod agha abịaghị si n'obodo. Malitere ogologo oge mkparita uka. Mgbe 2 ọnwa, ndị bi na Moscow na e tinye n'ihu ikpeazụ chọrọ. Ha gụnyere-ekpochapụ posts na nchupu Posad Chamber adị. Na abụọ ndị a chọrọ Novgorod kwetara, ma mkparịta ụka na ichebe ha ma ama ala-egbu oge. Na njedebe, ha ka nwere na-enye Prince of Moscow obibi ndị mọnk na Vladychna ala. Mgbe a na mkparita uka na-dechara. January 15 Moscow-isi na ya entourage, Bilie militia ba n'obodo na-enweghị a ọgụ.

pụta

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke 1478 - afọ nke accession nke Novgorod ka Moscow. War bụ akpatre n'elu. Nke a na e nweghị igbu, ma ọtụtụ knight nke ezinụlọ a chụpụrụ Novgorod. Otu n'ime ha bụ na Posadnitsa Marfa Boretskaya na nwa nwa ya. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ na-tonsured a non, na ya onwunwe bukọọrọ.

Mgbe Novgorod e weghaara na Moscow, n'ala niile malitere jikwaa 4 gọvanọ, onye nwere ikike pụrụ nke na ọtụtụ na-edu n'ụlọikpe. Trade, oru ubi na ụlọ ọrụ na-ugbu a rụrụ n'okpuru akara nke ọchịchị ọhụrụ.

Lordly na-edu ndú na Chamber e tutu amama. Symbol nke Novgorod onwe - nzukọ mgbịrịgba - weere. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye nke abụọ obodo, na Muscovy nwe mụbara site fọrọ nke nta 2-anọghị n'ogige atụrụ. N'ihi ya biri akụkọ nke Veliky Novgorod ka a Republic, nke dịgidere ruo ihe karịrị narị afọ atọ.