NPP "South Ukraine": a usoro mkpebi nke Kiev banyere na-agbanwe agbanwe mmanụ ụgbọala soplaya

Energy mgbagwoju nke Ukraine ga-agụnye anọ nuklia ike osisi. Otu nke nọ n'ọrụ taa - South Ukraine NPP.

A nuclear ike osisi dị ka akụkụ nke ike mgbagwoju

NPP bụ onye so na South-Ukrainian ume oru. Mgbe na-eke a mgbagwoju ngo ọ envisaged na ọ ga-enye ọkụ eletrik atọ n'ógbè Ukraine - Nikolaev, Kherson, Odessa, na Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Ke adianade nuklia ike osisi, mgbagwoju agụnye HPP (hydroelectric) na PSP (pumped nchekwa ebe).

The ojiji nke atọ ụdị ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ohere ịzụlite kacha maka ndị na-eri na ọkụ eletrik. The ire ere oge nke oriri (tumadi n'abalị) aggregates hydroelectric ụgbọ rụọ ọrụ na mgbapụta mode, pumping mmiri upstream, na na oge nke elu ibu (mbubreyo n'ehihie) - na tobaim mode enye Ọzọkwa eme ọkụ eletrik na netwọk. Nuclear na hydro n'ọrụ a na a jụụ mode, na-enweghị a ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu-agbapụta n'ahụ ike, nke dị ize ndụ maka turbines. Akpọ ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu ibu bụ kpọmkwem ka a n'ebe ndịda n'ógbè Ukraine, otú maka ya, na a haziri a ọhụrụ ụdị nke ike mgbagwoju nke ụdị European arụ ọrụ nke ọma.

Osisi ewu na technical parameters

Saịtị ebe South-Ukrainian NPP họrọ na Mykolaiv mpaghara. Na 1975, na-ewu nke ebe na oru na satellite obodo nke Yuzhnoukrainsk. Ebe ọ bụ na 1982, ọ e tinyere alternately atọ nde unit. The ewu nke anọ unit na-oyi kpọnwụrụ na 1989, na ajụjụ nke ya na-ewu na-agaghịkwa na-ebili.

NPP "South Ukraine" na-arụ ọrụ na VVER-1000 ngwa agha. Ha e mere na Leningrad, na enterprise "Izhora Plants". Manufacturers nke turbines, generators na chernobyl nkeji bụ ụlọ ọrụ nke Leningrad na Kharkov.

Na zuru ike, nuclear ike osisi wee si na 1989. Ka ụbọchị, N'ịbụ nuklia ike (fọrọ nke nta 18 ijeri kWh / afọ), iji na-enye 10% niile ọkụ eletrik na oriri na Ukraine. N'ihi na ebe Nikolaev, Kherson na Odessa - fọrọ nke nta 96%. Of arụnyere ikike (3,000 MW), "South Ukraine" NPP - nke abụọ mgbe Zaporozhye na Ukraine.

Ọnọdụ ndị mmanụ ụgbọala ọcha (Fe)

The isi iyi nke mmanụ nuklia niile nuklia ike osisi na Ukraine (gụnyere maka nuklia ike osisi "South Ukraine") bu (ma nọgide) mmanụ ụgbọala ọcha, arụpụtara na GC "TVEL" na Russia. Na ha na e a nuclear mmeghachi omume n'ịwa okpomọkụ, coolant transmissible.

Ugbua na 2000, Ukraine na-agbalị ịgbanwe ihe egwuregwu ọkọnọ nke Russian mmanụ nuklia, na-abanye n'ime a nkwekọrịta na "Westinghouse Electric" (USA).

A ikpo okwu maka ibuo arụ ọrụ South Ukrainian nuclear ike osisi a họọrọ. US mmanụ ụgbọala cassettes na-arụnyere na niile atọ nkanka ebe dị ka a ele mmadụ anya n'ihu nnọchi nke Russian TVEL.

Na 2012 kpughere mmebi American mmanụ ụgbọala mgbakọ na-atọ ngọngọ. Ọrụ na ihe nke mbụ na nke abụọ blocks gara n'ihu.

Ebe ọ bụ na 2000, ụlọ ọrụ na "Westinghouse Electric" abụọ Russian TVEL e bufee, ọ bụ ha oyiyi na US na arụpụtara mmanụ ụgbọala mgbakọ maka nuklia ike osisi "South Ukraine".

Na September 2014, mgbe a idegharị niile American ọcha nke na-arụ ọrụ, ọ na-e akp a nkwekọrịta na "Westinghouse Electric" ruo mgbe 2020.

GC "TVEL" bụ soplaya nke mmanụ nuklia maka Ukrainian nuclear ike osisi ndị ọzọ na atọ.

Dị ka Russian nkwekọrịta ikpofu nọrọ mmanụ nuklia na-emekwa ụfọdụ na Russian Federation. Ònye ga-eme ndị dumping of American mgbakọ, ọ bụ anya dị ka ma ahụghị azịza nke ajụjụ nke onye bụ maka nchekwa nke a "mbuaha" echichi nke nuclear ọcha na ngwa agha nke NPP "South Ukraine". Maka akwụkwọ: na Czech Republic, na-agafe a yiri ụzọ na US maka ọkọnọ nke mmanụ nuklia maka ya nuklia ike osisi, hapụrụ echiche na ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Russian mmanụ ụgbọala mkpara.

South Ukraine NPP mberede

Malite na January 2015 (n'abalị nke 15 nke 16 nke) na akara transformer NPP ọkụ wee daa spontaneously. The ọkụ e kpuchie ebe 100 square mita. Ihe mere nke mbido data, jere ozi depressurization ụlọ, nke mere ka mmanụ ehi ehi na dị ka a N'ihi ya, mkpụmkpụ-circuiting.

Ọ dabara nke ọma, mgbe a ọma ọkụ suppression Hà radieshon ndabere bụ nkịtị.