Ọfọn cement: akara na ojiji

Otu n'ime iche Portland ciment - mmanụ-ọma ciment. Nke a ụdị Portland ciment ike ga-eji na a dịgasị iche iche n'oge simenti arụmọrụ. Ọ enyene ihe dị mkpa n'ebe ekele a ọma Nchikota oru na-ewu ụlọ Njirimara.

Olee ụdị ihe onwunwe, na otú ọ dị iche na-emebu niile grout? On a - on.

kpọmkwem atụmatụ

Gịnị bụ dị iche iche site na Portland backfill cement - mejupụtara: n'ihi na-eme ka ọ na-echi ọnụ n'ala clinker na gypsum isi-eme ka ụfọdụ nwekwara.

N'ihi na mmanụ na gas olulu na-mere nke mixtures nke dị iche iche, nke na-ekewa n'ime ndị na-esonụ subtypes:

1. Hygroscopic. N'ihi na ihe na-akọrọ ibu ndinọ hydrophobing triethanolamine.
2. Dara nha. N'ihi imewe nke ciment clinker bụ weere na gypsum na nwekwara weighting. Dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịbụ na ụdị ígwè ore, oké Spalt, hematite, magnetite.
3. Sandy. N'ihi na ihe na nke a sub-kwukwara a ngwakọta nke quartz ájá na gypsum. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmiri na-adị ukwuu karịa 50% maka "ọkụ" n'olulu mmiri ma na-erughị 20% maka "oyi".
4. Nnu na-eguzogide. Ọ na-eji ebe nnu na ala nwere nnukwu ịta. Nke a na-eduga ná corrosion, ma na mgbakwunye na nke finely kewara quartz ájá ewepu a drawback.

Nka na ụzụ e ji mara nke ọ bụla ụdị na-adabere na otosịrị iru na Njirimara nke mmiri. Ndị a nwere ike ime ihe dị ka quartz ájá, minerals, na nkume nzu, slag.

ngwa technology

Nakwa cement nwere jupụta, bụghị aka pumped, uka ime ezu mmiri mmiri. N'ihi na nke a, 2 akụkụ nke akọrọ ngwakọta na-kwukwara 1 akụkụ mmiri. Ihe uka a na-akpọ pulp. Ọ bụrụ na ndị dị elu okpomọkụ, slurry nwere obi na-ama maka 1.5-10 awa. The elu okpomọkụ, na kpu gējide cement backfill. Ngwa oyi olulu (ma ọ bụ ma ọ bụrụ na uka a na-eji maka waterproofing ọrụ na ndị na-ewu ụlọ ke oyi na-atụ n'oge) na-eduga ná eziokwu na obi usoro amalite 2-3 awa na zuru ezu mgbe 20-22 awa. Fọdụrụ nnu eguzogide cement siri ike.

Ọgụgụ ekwe ike ụbọchị abụọ mgbe zuru ezu solidification bụ dị ka ndị:

1. Ọ bụrụ na e nweghị okpomọkụ - banyere 62 kg / cm.
2. Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ bụ stably elu - 27 kgf / cm.

Ma nke a bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na eji ọma cement àgwà. Olee otú elele àgwà? E nwere a nnọọ mfe ma pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi n'ụzọ - agba ọsọ ahụ sample site a sieve. Iji mee nke a, i kwesịrị ifucha site a bit nke a akọrọ ntụ ntụ. Ọ bụrụ na ndị myọ ¾ nke mbụ olu, elu-edu ihe onwunwe. Ị nwere ike ịlele na anya, ma ọ ga-mere naanị ndị nwere ọtụtụ ahụmahụ na mmanụ-ọma ciment. Ma ọ bụghị na ọ dị mkpa na-atụkwasị obi na-ere ere. Ma n'otu na-eri na-aṅa ntị ndị mejupụtara nke akọrọ ngwakọta - ego nke plaster ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe karịrị 3.5%.

e ji mara

Ndị na-esonụ na-egosi bụ isi e ji mara ihe:

1. Elu na-agba ime. Ma n'otu agagharị agwakọta ya na mmiri ngwakọta na-nọgidere ezuwo.
2. Mmiri na-eguzogide. Ihe ngwọta ya pụrụ obi, ọbụna n'okpuru mmiri.
3. The Nchikota dị iche iche fillers. Ọzọkwa, ọ pụrụ ịbụ a elu na-enwe anụ ahụ na chemical uwa, gụnyere ígwè.
4. N'agbanyeghị nke gburugburu ebe obibi, na obi tara mmiri mix na-eme ike na-eguzosi ike n'ezi ezuwo.

nhazi ọkwa atụmatụ

Ọfọn cement bụ nke ọtụtụ ụdị. Ha niile dị iche na iche iche n'ihe banyere. N'ihi ya, ihe ndị mejupụtara nke okwu bụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ ihe onwunwe na ụdị:

• M - na-enweghị nwekwara;
• II - na mindobavkami;
• III - na spetsdobavkami. Ha na-eji na kpatụ njupụta nke ihe ngwọta.

Type III ihe onwunwe na-dara nha (Vm) na fechaa (banyere). Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla ụdị ihe a na-ekewa n'ime umu na-bu n'obi were n'okpuru nkịtị (25-50), ala (15-24), na-agafeghị oke (51-100) ma ọ bụ elu (101-150) okpomọkụ.

Symbols

Iji chọpụta ọkwa nke eji eme ihe markings:

1. Cement backfill - PCT.
2. Sulphate - SS.
3. The nkezi njupụta.
4. The kacha allowable okpomọkụ n'oge na-arụ ọrụ.
5. Plastification ma ọ bụ hydrophobicity. Ẹkedọhọde dị ka pl, gf.
6. Standard ọnụego.

Ihe Nlereanya: TPP-I-CS-100. E na-eburu ndị na-esonụ ozi: ịkwụnye ihe onwunwe bụ Portland ciment nwere enweghị nwekwara, sulfate-bụ. Ọ na-zubere maka ojiji na okpomọkụ si na 51 100 degrees.

PCT-III-UT1-100. Nke a backfill ụdị Portland ciment, fechaa ụdị ka njupụta nke 2.1 g / cm ^3. Ọ bụ omume na-arụ ọrụ na ihe onwunwe na-agafeghị oke okpomọkụ.

PCT-III-Ob5-50 - ọma ciment. Ọ bụ a fechaa ụdị. Ọ site njupụta nke 1.5 g / cm ³ na-ekwe ka na-arụ ọrụ na nkịtị okpomọkụ.

quality ego

Nke a ihe onwunwe e mere ka ike a waterproofing ọma, ma a na-eji na-ewu mmanụ-ọma ciment na-ewu ụfọdụ residential na ulo oru ụlọ. Ma ihe onwunwe bụ ike ịrụ ahụ bu n'obi ọrụ, hụ na-eguzosi ike n'ezi na ntụkwasị obi nke ike owuwu ma si otú a environmentally ụda, ọ ga-abụ nke elu àgwà na mejupụtara - na mgbagwoju anya nke mkpa atụmatụ nke aga-eme. Iji mee nke a, ike a ngwakọta na-anwale.

E nwere ụzọ dị iche iche nke ule mmanụ-ọma ciment, na a edozi site pụrụ iche laboratories. Ha kọwaa ndị na-esonụ parameters:

1. The njupụta (kpọmkwem nnukwu mpo).
2. The rheological Njirimara.
3. ndim oge.
4. Water nkewa.
5. Seepage losses.
6. Ike ọdụdọ.
7. Iguzogide ultrasound.
8. The permeability nke sikwuo mmiri mmiri onwunwe, gas, ikuku.