"Ọka" (An-2): na engine ọsọ na photos

E nweghị onye na-adịghị maara banyere nke a ụgbọelu na-enwe mmasị n'ebe ọ rụrụ. Ke ibuotikọ emi anyị ga-atụle a nta banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme, ngwaọrụ e ji mara na ngwa. "Ọka" (An-2) na-gaa usoro nkwado ru na a biplane nku ìhè iga ugbo elu. "Nwa", "nwa", nwa ịnyịnya ibu - aha ya na codification nke NATO. Na dum akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa ugbo elu An-24 bụ kasị otu-engine biplane. Nke a gbanwere na mgbe ọdịdị ya mgbanwe - AN-3. The ugbo elu nwere ike nke otu moto Shvetsov otu puku horsepower. Ibu na takeoff - 5250 n'arọ.

A obere akụkọ ihe mere eme

The echiche nke na-eke a na igwe na oru na 1940 site O. K. Antonovym. Anyị mkpa a multipurpose ìhè ugbo elu, nke nwere ike nke onye na-otu na ọkara tọn n'ihi na ugbo ojiji, agha iga ugbo elu, n'ime obodo ebe nke Soviet Union, ike na-ahapụ obere na saịtị na ọ dịghị nsogbu. N'oge na-adịghị mgbe agha ahụ malitere, n'ihi ihe mkpa nke oruru nke ihe dị otú ahụ na-akọ ugbo igwe-arahụ n'ime ndabere. Ma dị ka ókèala nke ntọhapụ na mweghachi nke akụ na ụba mba, aku na uba ajụjụ bịara ọzọ n'etiti ndi-ebute ụzọ. "Ọka" (An-2), mepụtara na OKB-153 Antonov na mbụ ụgbọ elu e mere na 1947, na August 31, Volodinym P. N. - a ule pilot. Ya na-ewu ewu aha na-abịa site Po-2. Tinyere ndị ọzọ rụzuru na ndekọ, AN-2 - naanị ụgbọ elu na ụwa na-emepụta ihe karịrị afọ 60. Ugbu a, ọ na-eme China. Mgbe nke ahụ Soviet Union dechara ya usoro mmepụta ke 1960, wuru n'elu 5000 biplane. Mgbe ahụ, nke nọgidere na-n'okpuru ikike na Poland na China. The mbụ - 12 000 ụgbọala si 1957 na 1992, nke abụọ - 950 maka otu oge. 10.440 na-anapụta ndị USSR, na mgbe ahụ na - na CIS. Anyị ọkọbọhọde "oka" - ụgbọelu, foto, ị pụrụ ịhụ - e exported na 26 mba.

Ọrụ nke AN-2

Na ụgbọ elu e ejikwara na Soviet Union ọtụtụ ebe. Nke ọma - na-efefe n'elu chọpụtara nke obere n'ókè n'ihi nzube nke njem nke ngwaahịa na njem. "Corncob" nwekwara (AN-2) na-zutere, dị ka atụmatụ, ihe dị iche iche na aku na uba aga-eme, tinyere chemical efe n'elu na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ we si In-2 n'ihi na seeding ọka n'ubi. Ọ dị nnọọ mfe ọrụ, biplane adabara ọrụ na obere adịghị njikere mgbakwasị-eteghịkwa ete, ebe ọ nwere ala agbara na takeoff. An-2 bụ oké mkpa na underdeveloped ebe nke Central Asia, Siberia na Far North, ebe nile na-eji. Russian Ministry of Transport na 2012, a mara ọkwa na igba egbe na 2015 nke oké modernization nke banyere 800 iberibe nke ụgbọelu anyị n'ihu, nke na-anọchi nke ikuku akụrụngwa na engines ga-emepụta.

Mgbanwe nke "oka"

"Ọka" - AN-2 - nwere otutu mgbanwe. Lee ụfọdụ n'ime ha:

1. An-2m - Single modernized ugbo ugbo elu.
2. En-2nn - ọku, ndi nkiti, na n'elu mmiri ọdịda gia.
3. En-2SKH - nkịtị ugbo.
4. En-2C - ịdị ọcha.
5. En-2-TP - Njem okporo ụzọ.
6. An-2T - iga.
7. En-2TD - amphibious iga.
8. An-2F - ugbo elu maka efe n'elu foto. Na ot autopilot na fuselage, obodo version.
9. An-2F - n'abalị ogbunigwe nyoputa onyeiro na foto nyoputa onyeiro. Ọ glazed ọdụ ngalaba na abụọ keel. Burugodị - UBT igwe egbe ma ọ bụ akpaka egbe NS-23. Test pilot Pashkevich mbụ ụgbọ elu e mere April 1949. Ọ bụghị commercially emepụta.
10. An-2 na-akpọ "sniffer" na 1960 e rụrụ na a Chakwasa ihie na sọrọ igwe egbe turret intercept iro nyoputa onyeiro balloons.
11. AN-3 - ụgbọelu na HPT-20 - turboprop.
12. AN-4 - mmiri, na a ese n'elu mmiri Chassis.
13. AN-6 - sounder ikuku, weather nyoputa onyeiro, na-enwe a keel na isi nke ọzọ tagzi.

A ole na ole na-akpali eziokwu

Biplane ji Ekliziastis, na-akwakọba a otutu akpali ihe na ya mere eme. Ebe a bụ ụfọdụ eziokwu:

1. The mbụ nlereanya ụgbọelu, U-2 mbụ ama January 7, 1928. Ọ e kere n'okpuru nduzi nke Polikarpova Nikolaya.
2. Na Soviet Union na U-2 ụgbọelu ọzụzụ. N'ihi ya, n'ụzọ e meghere eluigwe puku ụgbọelu.
3. Na 1932, na osisi ndị U-2VS nwere ike ịnabata isii vosmikilogrammovyh bombs na pụrụ iche ejiri, na ndị nọ n'azụ na kokpiiti enwere a mgbe shooter, egbe onwem PV-1.
4. Olee arọ takeoff biplane, anyị ekwuola, ihe efu ọzụzụ - na 656 n'arọ. Oke ọsọ "oka" - 135-150 km / h, ọ bụghị ihe karịrị 15 mita na o kwesịrị na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ.
5. Na agha nke 1941-1945, ndị Germany na ndị dị oké egwu nke Soviet U-2, kpọrọ ha "akwa akwa igwe" na "grinder". Karịsịa n'oge abalị bombings.
6. N'oge agha, anyị wee malite ịkpọ ndị inyom na-mgbe ahụ ghọrọ a pilot na a biplane. 23 nke ha natara aha nke dike.
7. On ultra-ala karị, ha bụ ndị kpamkpam na-adịghị ahụ anya ka ikuku na-azara ọnụ na usoro. N'ihi nke a, ha bụ nnọọ ike ime ka ala.
8. Test ụgbọelu si Ukraine meriri South osisi a ụgbọelu.

The "obi" anyị ugbo elu

Na Soviet Union niile ọhụrụ ewu e rụrụ n'okpuru motto "elu, ime ebe, ngwa ngwa." The otu nwere ike kwuru banyere nke akụkụ a nke ụgbọelu dị ka "oka" engine. Mgbe e general ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na tobaim engines, otú na 50s nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ wee malite ịkpa gas tobaim engine maka An-2. Ma mgbe ahụ, ọ dịghị nke a na ịmalite okpu. Ọ bụ nanị mgbe afọ iri mepụtara TMD-10. Anyị mere n'okpuru nduzi nke Glushenkova VA na Omsk ICD. The ọzọ nhọrọ bụ inwe ndị AN-3. Nke a mere na 1971. Na TV2-117S engine arụnyere n'okpuru kokpiiti. Mgbe ụgbọelu pụtara na abụọ 850-TMD, nke dị na ụta na-agba gburugburu nkịtị gia propela. Na 1979 o kere a tobaim HPT-20, n'okpuru nke na modernized An-2.

"Ọka" (An-2), na e ji mara

Nke a biplane nwere ndị na-esonụ arụmọrụ e ji mara:

1. 5500 kg - kacha na-ahụ-anya arọ.
2. 3400-3900 n'arọ - efu arọ nke a biplane.
3. 5250 kg - kacha ọdịda ibu ibu.
4. 1240 lita - Fuel arọ.
5. 155-190 km / hour - cruising ọsọ.
6. 990 km - nso, mere na ibu.
7. 4.5 km - n'uko elu.
8. 12,4 mita - ogologo nke a biplane.
9. 5,35 m - elu.
10. 8, 425 - yọchapụta elu nku.
11. 5.795 - ala nku zaa.
12. 71,52 square mita - nku ebe.
13. Mmadụ abụọ - a-arụ ọrụ.
14. 12 - ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị njem na mgbanwe nke An-2TD ike ịba paratroopers - 10.

An ngwá-2

Gịnị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, ma ọ bụrụ na taa anya n'ime "corncob"? The ụgbọelu, a foto nke ọhụrụ ụdị na-egosi na, onwem na zuru ezu oge a akụrụngwa: radio compass Igbe-9, A-037 radio altimeter, directional gyro HPA-48, a welara erite MRP-56P, ESP jikọtara usoro GIK-1. Communication ngwá gụnyere: STC-7 - ájá, redio RS-6102 MW nso na R-DM 842 nso.

ọgwụgwụ

N'amaghị ihe kpatara na-eru "oka" na ikike arịa amamihe na ugbo elu na-ekesịpde site na Airbus Military Polish ụlọ ọrụ. Na May 2014 ya tụgharịa na-ama maka ihe karịrị afọ abụọ, Ukrainian Antonov Design Bureau mere ọ bụla akwụkwọ Russian n'akụkụ, nke nwere ike gosi na nri nke a biplane. N'ihi nke a, e nwere ohere ịzụlite na ndabere nke ugbo elu "corncob" (An-2), a ọhụrụ na mpaghara ụgbọelu. Mgbe ụfọdụ nchoputa ya tụgharịa na ikike e resịrị n'oge Soviet oge. Ma n'ihi na taa nwere na-ejedebeghị na modernization nke ẹdude ụdị. Ma ha nọ Russian dị na a nyere oge nwere ihe karịrị 1,500 iberibe, nke mere na ụgbọelu nsoro nke AN-2 nsụgharị dị iche iche ga-eme.