Olee otú iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka mmiri na counter? Water tariffs. Water tarifu mita

Ọ ihe mberede nke mmiri na counter ugwo na Russia na n'oge gara aga 5 afọ ọtụtụ ugboro gbanwere ya usoro? Nke ikpeazụ nhọrọ bụ Russian Government Mkpebi № 354 nke 06.05.2011, na nso ka ezigbo variant chọọ kasị, otú iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka na mmiri na counter. Otú ọ dị, ị pụrụ ijide n'aka na nke a abụghị ọgwụgwụ ebe na-achọ ihe ngwọta, n'ihi na mfịna nke a okirikiri bụ doro anya.

Nhọrọ tarifu iwu si a ọkachamara

Dị ka onye nduzi nke Association of Drainage na mmiri Elena Dovlatova, kachasi mkpa abụghị gbagote na a usoro. Mgbe niile, i nwere ike ruo mgbe ebighị ebi "mma" usoro ọzọ bi usoro efefe N'ịbụ ezughị okè nke na netwọk. Ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa ime ka ibido itinye ego na nọ nke ezigbo ego esenyịn, na mgbe ahụ na - na-amalite ka mma.

Na echiche ya, ọ bụ ezughị, dị ka isi akụ ego, na ẹdude tariffs maka mmiri (na Moscow, a cubic mita nke mmiri oyi na-efu 28 rubles 40 kopecks, na-ekpo ọkụ - .. 125 rubles 59 kopecks) ego nwere ike nwetara mgbe mmiri price abawanye maka ndị bi na na pan-European ụlọ ọrụ. Olee ụdị ịrị elu ahịa na ajụjụ? Odika abụọ - abụọ na ọkara ugboro: price nso maka oyi na-atụ mmiri na Europe: si 1.5 2 euro kwa cubic mita (site 61,5 na 82 rubles).

Otú ọ dị, ebe a ọzọ e nwere obi abụọ: na- Executive director na-ezo aka dum Russia? Mgbe niile, e nwere oké ala, ka na-ekwu, na Stavropol n'ógbè mmiri price dị elu na ọkara.

"Mmiri" eneni

Tupu ị na-akwụ maka mmiri na mita onye gafee mba, na-ekwu Elena, ị kwesịrị n'ezie na-emefu na ntaghari ohuru, "na-agba" nke nsogbu nke na-elekọta mmadụ iwu, na-ese na ugbu a ọrụ "na-akwụ maka gara aga." Ọ bụrụ na ị na-elu ikpe nke usoro, o kwuru, n'ihi na ndị na-ewu nke ọgwụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ ga-3 afọ, a ezi uche na-ewe anwụrụ ghara ịgbanwe. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ndị ọzọ echiche. Sergey ikpeazụ, isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ "Water ọkọnọ na Sewerage", na-emegide ya, na-echeta na uru Mosvodokanal ke 2010 abughi ihe ma ọ bụ na-erughị, na 4 ijeri rubles. Ebe ọ bụ na nke a n'ihu ọha mkpuchi nke ozi a mere ka mgbe oge ruru a ife nke nnyocha, ebe ọ bụ na profitability nke akụ na ụba ọrụ Mosvodokanalom ọnụ.

Osote prọfesọ nke MSTU. Baumana Ovanes, n'aka, na-ekwupụta sarcasm, agụta "mmiri azụmahịa" bara uru, na isi ihe na-esi na-akwụ ụgwọ maka mmiri na counter, ọ na-ahụ miri utilities na pesonel iwu emeghị-elekwasị anya na oru, na ndị ọkachamara na-gbanwere na ego aga na mmiri. Otú ọ dị, esemokwu na-enweghị ihe bara uru na ya pụta n'ikpeazụ adịghị amị mmasị maka ọha mmadụ.

Ugwo maka mmiri si n'ji na-ekwu echiche

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-adịghị mita, ị na-akwụ maka mmiri, eduzi ndị na-norm nke ya oriri site otu onye. N'ihi na Moscow, ọ bụ 6.381 cubic mita nke mmiri oyi na 4.366 cubic mita - ekpo ọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ installs mmiri mita, mgbe ahụ, "na mberede" ya na-enyo na ya oriri bụ ọkara.

Olee otú iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka mmiri na counter? Ọtụtụ mgbe anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere a mita drum. Ọ cubic mita nke n'efu mmiri na-egosi na ihe accrual ndabere na anọ mbụ - ise ohere mpere, na-ese nwa. Red nchawa show, karị, ntụpọ. The usoro maka nyefe nke ndị dị otú ahụ na-egosi na cubic mita kwuru ọnọnokpuru nkeji "c" nke paragraf nke 34 Mkpebi 354. ọdọhọ oge agụ si 23 nke 25 nke ụbọchị nke ọnwa. Ebunye agụ nke onye mmiri mita (IPU) bụ omume na 26 nke ụbọchị yana idobe okirikiri. Ọ bụrụ na ọrụ n'ji adịghị bufee àmà, dị ka na-ekwu 59 ọ ga-otoro nkezi ya kwa ọnwa agụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị ewepụghị mmiri na-ọnọ na ọtụtụ risers mmiri, karị, e nwere ọtụtụ mita na-egosi na-kwukwara.

N'ihi nke nkwubi nke n'ji akụkọ ma ọ bụ ihe ndekọ nke management ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ndị ịgba ụgwọ center.

Mgbe ahụ - na ndabere nke data nyere njirimara - aza ajụjụ accrual nke management ụlọ ọrụ mere ahịa ụgwọ. Ọ rụrụ dị ka formulas Mkpebi 354 na egosipụta iziga ya na adreesị ụlọ nke nnata, na eziokwu - akaụntụ nkwụnye.

Ahịa maka ojiji nke mmiri

Ahịa nke mmiri na Russia nwere ike ịkwụsị na-amụba. Dị ka kwekọrọ ekwekọ Federal Service, ebe ọ bụ na July 2014 afọ na ndabere nke na amụma onu oriri 6%, mmiri udu ga-amụba site na 4.2% (ọgụgụ nwetara site n'itinye dị otú ahụ ugbu a maka Mgbakọ ndị ọnụọgụ 0,7). Ke adianade do, ebe ọ bụ na n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2014 na Russia ga-oru pilot oru na-elekọta mmadụ ego maka mmiri metụtara mmiri na idebe ihe ọcha. Ihe kachasi mkpa a ọhụrụ idu ke delineating ala na-eri ji mara na ọ dị mkpa kacha nta mmiri oriri.

Ọzọkwa, na aka nke ọzọ, mmiri tariffs maka ndị bi ndị dịtụ vodokanals akwụ ụgwọ ha na-akwụ ụgwọ. Structurally ndị a na-akwụ ụgwọ na 50% of ụgwọ "mmiri ọkachamara", 20% "akwusila" ugwo maka na ọkụ eletrik na consumables, 30% - na ghara ịgbanwe na nwughari nke netwọk. O doro anya na onye na-abawanye na kpọmkwem arọ nke ikpeazụ a akụrụngwa na-ekwu banyere Elena Dovlatova na awade okpukpu abụọ nke mmiri udu.

Olee otú iji hazie ugwo nke mmiri

Russian na-eji ọkụ natara a nnata site na akaụntụ nke management ụlọ ọrụ n'ihi na ugwo, nwere ike, n'ihi na ihe atụ, e kwuru na o nyere ihe ọmụma banyere ojiji nke 15 cubic mita nke mmiri, na ọ nọ na-maka 19. Ọnọdụ a bụ eke. Eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọrụ a na-agu na-eri nke usoro. Ha na-complemented usoro iwu ugwo nke mmiri, na eziokwu n'ji na-akwụ ụgwọ na-kwukwara ruru ka ndị na-esonụ components:

- na nkà na ụzụ mmiri leaks na netwọk;

- ya overspending na flat enweghị mita;

- n'enweghị ikike njikọ (atọ lawns, ịsa ụgbọ ala gị);

- intrahouse leaks na usoro;

- pụtara na-akwụ ụgwọ ẹkenam site unaccounted bi nwa oge.

Na nke a, index obschedomovoy mmiri na-akwụ ụgwọ maka izugbe counter (GTC) ga-weghara a n'ụzọ ibu eruba karịa nchikota nke IPU niile tenants (anya isi na counters na-arụnyere na niile ụlọ nke ulo). Ha na ofu na normative ka nke Russian Government, ya mere - nkwado iwu n'okpuru nkịtị aha "obschedomovye oyomde." Ntem, a Usoro nke wepụtara-ndebe mmiri nwere ike mgbagwoju anya nke ukwu dị iche iche nuances. Nke a na-eme ma ọ bụrụ na e nweghị ndị preconditions maka mmejuputa iwu a otu technology ajụjụ nke ụmụ amaala: na akụkụ nke tenants ga-emekwa ka ụlọ counters, na ụfọdụ - bụghị, ma e wezụga, e nwere ezinụlọ n'etiti ìgwè nke mbụ, ebe mita kụrie.

The n'ezie nkezi nke "ọnwụ" nke mmiri

N'ụzọ dị mwute, mgbe adabere na irè nke mmiri ekwesịghị ịdabere na ọha na eze ozi. Declarative akọ nonproductive weere nke mmiri na mba ofu nkezi nke ọnwụ nke mmiri na mkpokọta olu nke 18-19%. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị ọkachamara, ha nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ. The n'ozuzu director nke Moscow ụlọ ọrụ "Ecotech" Lev Skvortsov ekwu na ya onwe na-enyemaka nke German ígwè guzosie ezigbo òkè nke weere na mmiri nke Moscow - banyere 50%. Otu onye nta akụkọ mgbe nka tie ugwo nke mmiri: "Moscow ka anya mmiri itching, ma o kweere na management ụlọ ọrụ." Ọ bụghị ya eziokwu resonates na "pearl" na nwoke enyi kasị mma anyị - ụlọ manager?

The òtù Achilles n'ikiri ụkwụ na odori maka mmiri

Omenala a adịghị ike nke algọridim ịchọpụta n'ji ugwo-atụle ga-mmiri oke usoro obschedomovyh oyomde. The ezughị okè nke ya plan, nakwa dị ka nsogbu na mmejuputa iwu, mgbe niile, ugbu a. Ka ihe atụ, aga Government Iwu № 307 nke 23. 05. 2006 bụ ihe na-erughị zuru okè ihe. Nke a na-egosi ndị na-esonụ ihe atụ.

Direction "Skew" na-anabata mmiri na-akwụ ụgwọ n'ebe "counter nwe / adịghị eji ha" dabere na ihe na-akpata nke na-ekpebi n'ezie mita agụ obschedomovogo mmekọrita usoro iwu accruing-akwụ ụgwọ.

The nsogbu nke itule nke ọdịmma

Ka anyị na-amalite nkwurịta okwu anyị. Mbụ ọnọdụ: mmiri tarifu ọnụego bụ hà counter maka enyefe nke norms. Ọ bụrụ n'ezie na-akwụ ụgwọ ike na, ya, ruru karịa otu, ndị na-eri nke onye IPU uba site a na-akpata ukwuu karịa otu. N'ihi ya, na eziokwu na ha bụ n'ọnọdụ ndị a, na-akwụ ụgwọ mmefu nke bi onye nwere mita arụnyere.

Ọ bụrụ na nke a ruru bụ ihe na-erughị otu, mgbe ahụ, iji chọpụta ego a na-akwụ ka ejiri nke IMP akaebe ha ga-ebelata ihe ndị ọzọ, na-amụba a nọmba na-erughị 1, otú obschedomovye mkpa iji kwụọ ụgwọ ndị tenants enweghị counters.

N'ihi ya, dị ka nke a dị mfe echiche, na ìhè nke Mkpebi 307, na-n'ụzọ dị ukwuu nyere nkwarụ mmiri ego na counter. Nnata zitere n'ji, mgbe ọ gbara akaebe na mkpumkpu nkesa n'etiti tenants nke na-abụghị nkà na ụzụ mmefu nke mmiri.

A ọhụrụ anya na obschedomovye mkpa?

Ihe doro anya bụ na ọnụnọ na na nke ugbu a usoro kemmefu mmiri oriri. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị ọkachamara, ọhụrụ algọridim merie ndị "roughness" nke redistribution n'etiti ndị nwe counters na refuseniks si ha na ihe mbụ ụzọ. Ọ fundamentally ọhụrụ chịkọtara mmiri tariffs maka ndị bi site correlating ewepụghị na mpaghara na-nkịtị ụlọ mkpa. Ònye roomier "ụsọ ọkụ na home", na-akawanye a nnukwu nkezi nke ndị na-abụghị na-arụpụta mmiri oriri. Otú ọ dị, kpọmkwem ná mmekọrịta a "ebe / oriri" na-egosi na-nnọọ omimi. Ma ... e nwere norm na-emekarị.

The usoro maka ịchọpụta mkpa nke ndị nkịtị ụlọ na oyi na-atụ-mmiri flat i-nke

Mkpebi nke Government of Russia № 354 nke 06. 05. 2011 na kwadoro site na a ọhụrụ usoro (1), nke a kpebisiri ike site ndebe nke mmiri oyi na counter na akụkụ nke ọrụ obschedomovyh agu-akwụ ụgwọ.

_Odn.1 V ⁱ = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _nezh - Σ ^V v _zhil.n - Σ V ^w _zhil.p - Σ V ⁱ _GV - V ^ČR) * S _i / S _{o (1)}

^uvwi, ebe:

• V ^d - olu eji n'oge oge nke mmiri oyi, site na a ụfọdụ mkpokọta OPU. Mgbe ọdịda counter nyere. "59 n" Ndokwa mmekọ ebubo na-mere nke dabeere na nkezi oriri;
• V ^u _junk - Nzuzo-mmiri olu na-eji na ị-nke residential ulo correlative na paragraf 43 nke Regulations ;.
• ^V v _zhil.n. - Nzuzo-mmiri olu na-eji na v-nke residential ulo, bụghị onwem na ICS;
• V ^w _zhil.p. - Nzuzo-mmiri olu na-eji na w-nke residential ulo, onwem na ICS. Mgbe ọdịda counter nyere. "59 n" Ndokwa mmekọ ebubo na-mere nke dabeere na nkezi oriri;
• V ⁱ _{GV -} olu nke i-nke DHW residential ma ọ bụ ndị na-abụghị residential ogige site onwe kpo oku (ma ọ bụrụ na e nweghị centralized mmiri ọkụ) na-eji na ngụkọta oge mgbe kpebisiri ike site na-ekwu, karị. 42 na nke 43 nke Regulations;
• V ^ČR _- ego nke okpomọkụ tọghatara HVS na onwe nhazi ọrụ onye kpo oku karị na-ekwu na 54 Regulations ;.
• S _i - i-nke ebe nke ulo;
• S _o - ngụkọta nke ebe ụlọ ụlọ.

Otú ọ dị, n'otu aka ahụ, usoro na ugwo mmiri ọkụ n'elu counter, dị ka, Otú ọ dị, na ya na-anọghị. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ụkpụrụ nke na-agbazi ndị ikwu nke ebe ulo, dị ka e kwuru n'elu.

The usoro maka ịchọpụta mkpa nke ndị nkịtị ụlọ DHW i-nke ulo

Otu mkpebi (№ 354 si 06.05.2011) nwekwara agu na ojiji nke ihe update usoro maka ugbu a bi na nke ụlọ na ngụkọta oge nke kpọmkwem hà WAN obschedomovyh akwụ ụgwọ (Formula 2).

_Odn.2 V ⁱ = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _nezh - Σ ^V v _zhil.n - Σ V ^w _zhil.p - V ^ČR) * S _i / S _{o (2)}

Ya ọdịnaya bụ kpamkpam analogous ka bu ụzọ usoro maka redistribution nke na-adịghị emepụta akwụ ụgwọ nke mmiri oyi: mmiri ọkụ tarifu na counter, nakwa dị ka na-anọghị ya, complemented na redistribution nke nkịtị ụlọ nwere na ndabere nke a kpọmkwem dị ndụ nke ebe ulo.

Nuances nke mmiri ebubo tenants

E nwere ọnọdụ mgbe eziokwu-atụ ụtụ isi, tenants nke ụlọ ga-akwụ ụgwọ ngafe ego. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị kpatara ya bụ na ịdị adị nke ndị dị otú ahụ na-ọzọ na ulo - ejighị n'aka IMP - unrecorded bi. E nwere ọbụna ọnọdụ mgbe n'etiti ndi bi na ulo, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-abụghị aha karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ dere. Olee na-na ọnọdụ a? Overspending igosipụta nkịtị akụkụ na mgbe egosipụta na receipts na-zitere site na management ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na tenants. Ị ga-adịghị ahụ aro na-agwa okwu a nke na ya mkpebi 354.

Ke idaha emi, ị ga-akwụ ukwuu dị ka ogologo dị ka ọ pụta ìhè ọrụ. Ọnọdụ na-egbo site na-eru site management ụlọ ọrụ nke Act nke ndụ. Na nke a, ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-agụnye ndị nkwenye nke district uwe ojii, na ndabere nke ya ike nyere ya n'okpuru Nlekọta Usoro nke Russia - ise elu ogbugba ndu maka bi enweghị aha.

ọgwụgwụ

Inyocha Russian innovations nke na-adịbeghị anya na mma nke ndị bi na-akwụ maka oyi-mmiri na mmiri ọkụ, na-egbu ndị Ọnọdụ nke usoro a. Government "dum n'ịkpa" otu otu usoro, fairer privnosyaschy tenants incremental-akwụ ụgwọ. Otú ọ dị, nke a bụ site definition ike-anyanya na zuru ịga nke ọma. Mgbe niile, e nwere ihe njikarịcha na ya pụta, kama n'ịchọpụta na-agbazi ndị na-akpata.

N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ bụ ihe niile banyere ihe ndị na-enye ịrị elu na onu nke nkịtị ụlọ mkpa. Cheta na a na-agụnye mmiri leakage na netwọk; ọ overruns na ụlọ, ebe guzobere IPU; n'enweghị ikike njikọ; intrahouse leakage; akwụ ụgwọ niile metere unaccounted maka tenants.

O doro anya na ka nwere ohere nke a ọzọ Ịhazi echiche nke nsogbu, akpan akpan, chọrọ site Executive Director nke Association Elena Dovlatova mmiri - site na ịba ụba tariffs kụziere ntaghari ohuru. Otú ọ dị, ihe niile mmiri ọkachamara ga-arụ ọrụ na a usoro plan, na-ezere ndị na-ebibi ma unpromising ọnọdụ nke "dum n'ịkpa ego" site na ichekwa na capex. Ọzọkwa, na-ebibi ihe iwu nke silencing ha profitability mmiri utilities, ihe atụ, na taa na-egosi Waterworks.