Onye Ozizi Education na Kyrgyzstan

Gịnị kwesịrị nkụzi mmụta taa? Na ihe direction kwesịrị ịzụlite nkụzi mmụta na narị afọ nke 21? On a na ajụjụ ndị ọzọ anyị nwere na-aza n'ụzọ doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-na-na ogologo okwu na-ewu a ziri ezi paradigm nke oge a pedagogical agụmakwụkwọ nke Kyrgyzstan.

Modern pedagogical mmụta ndị multidimensional onu na-agụnye akwụkwọ larịị (isi klas na pedagogical echiche ọjọọ), nke abụọ onye nkụzi agụmakwụkwọ, elu nkụzi agụmakwụkwọ, onye nkụzi ọzụzụ, Postgraduate na doctoral ọmụmụ.

Na isiokwu anyị, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na onye nke onye nkụzi mmụta mmiri: ya bụ, agụmakwụkwọ ka elu nkụzi ọzụzụ maka isi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.

Na Kyrgyzstan, omenala nkụzi mmụta aku nkụzi ọzụzụ kọleji, onye nkụzi ọzụzụ institutes na mahadum.

Na nkụzi ọzụzụ kọleji, onye nkụzi ọzụzụ kọleji na ugbu a tumadi rụrụ ọzụzụ nke ozizi ka ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị, na kọleji na mahadum, dị ka a na-achị, ndị nkụzi na isi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Na 80-ies nke XX narị afọ, ụfọdụ mahadum, dị ka KSU aha ya bụ Arabaev, Issyk-Kul State University, Osh State University na ndị ọzọ na mpaghara mahadum meghere alaka ma ọ bụ ikike nke pedagogy na ụkpụrụ nke mbụ akwụkwọ, nke na-azụ ndị nkụzi maka ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị.

Pụrụ iche elu-akụziri alụmdi nanị lekwasịrị anya ọzụzụ nkụzi, taa na Kyrgyzstan bụghị. Chie, isi alụmdi maka nkụzi agụmakwụkwọ, site inertia, mbụ pedagogical University aha ya bụ Ishenaaly Arabaev, ugbu a renamed Kyrgyz State University. Ọ bụ ezie na e na-azụ ndị ọzọ specialties na ebe metụtara onye nkụzi akụziri.

N'oge gara aga, e nwere ndị a ole na ole ndị nkụzi nke elu agụmakwụkwọ njikọ (Przewalski State pedagogical Institute, Osh State pedagogical Institute, na Women pedagogical Institute, PIRYAL), nke na-akwadebe ndị nkụzi naanị. Na nkụzi na-azụ Republic mere a ịrịba onyinye ọtụtụ institutes na mahadum nke Russian Federation (Orenburg, Kursk, Michurinsky, Moscow pedagogical Institute of Moscow State University aha mgbe MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Voronezh State University, Leningrad State University, na ndị ọzọ). N'oge na-adịghị, ndị ọchịchị na-akwụ ụgwọ akwa anya na ọzụzụ nke ndị nkụzi maka usoro agụmakwụkwọ. N'afọ ndị ahụ, a pụrụ iche ụkọ ndị nkụzi na-abụghị. Fọrọ nke nta ka otu narị percent nke Republic akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ site na ndị nkụzi. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ ike inweta ọrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ, n'ihi na e nweghị ohere iputa oche nke ndị nkụzi n'ebe ụfọdụ. Ee, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi bụ prestigious - anụ ụgwọ (bụghị obere karịa nkezi ụgwọ na mba), na uru nke na ọkụ eletrik, n'ihi na utilities, oru ikike, ụdị dị iche iche nke ihe onwunwe na omume support.

Na oge nke Soviet mmepeanya nkụzi mmụta site na steeti, na-akwụ ụgwọ a otutu anya. Na ida nke Soviet Union n'okpuru nrụgide nke ahịa na ahịa mmekọahụ nkụzi ọzụzụ gbanwere nke ukwuu. Taa ke Kyrgyzstan ọ dịghị pụrụ iche na pedagogical agụmakwụkwọ ka elu alụmdi. Mgbe ọ na-ezi kọleji ma ọ bụ mahadum na-kpụgharịa ọzọ prestigious specialties. Ịbụ onye nkụzi bụ prestigious. Onye nkụzi malitere-ahuta ka onye na-arụ, na-enye ụgwọ izi ọrụ. Ọrụ ya ka enwetara a ahịa uru. Tụnyere ndị ọzọ Ọrụ. Na isiokwu nkụzi bụ oké ala. Dị ka AJ Danelyuk "nkụzi bụ mgbe a ụgbọelu nke a ufọk ufene, adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ofụri afọ na iri afọ nke ihe ọmụma, ejedebeghị akporo nke a otu domain. The eziokwu na ọ maara na nwere ike ime, maara na nwere ike ime ya na-amụrụ. The uru nke isiokwu nkụzi jụrụ budata na-adịbeghị anya ọtụtụ iri afọ, na oge nke ọmụma, nauchnotehnologicheskoy mgbanwe, ngwa na ihe ịga nke ọma mmepe nke a otu dabeere na ihe ọmụma na aku na uba. Ihe Ọmụma nke furu efu abaghị uru ma na-a nọgidere na-emelite n'aka nke na-eke ihe na ọzọ ọhụrụ teknụzụ. Ndị a socio-ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nke onye nkụzi usoro agụmakwụkwọ na-aga n'ihu ịkwadebe isiokwu ndị nkụzi, ndị na-akwado nke oge gboo ihe ọmụma, nke e nyere ụmụ akwụkwọ na n'oge gara aga, na narị afọ tupu ikpeazụ. N'ezie, ihe ọmụma nke iwu nke Archimedes, iwu nke Russian asụsụ na uri of AS Pushkin ụmụaka mkpa. Ma ọ bụrụ na onye nkụzi bụ ike na-ekesa na ofu na ọdịnala ndị olu nke ihe ọmụma, apụ, ọkwá ya adịghị gafere ọnọdụ nke onye ọ bụla ọzọ - ụgbọelu nke otu ihe ọmụma, na abuo, ya ọkachamara ọrụ na-ghọọ ọmụma technology na-anọchi ya - oge a pedagogizirovannye ozi na nkà na ụzụ kọmputa ekwe a onye na-adị mfe banye nnukwu ichekwa ozi achọrọ enweghị intermediaries "[Danyluk AY The ụkpụrụ nke modernization nke pedagogical mmụta // Pedagogy, nọmba 5, 2010. - p. 39]. Ma n'ihi na ọtụtụ narị afọ onye nkụzi ahụ ka bụ isi a ime mmụọ abara, omenala andikama, a onye nke oké agwa. Ọ bụ ihe ihere na onye nkụzi na-aghọ ọnọdụ nke na-arụ ọnọdụ ọrụ okirikiri; ime mmụọ, izi akụrụngwa nke nkwurịta okwu na ụmụaka na-tutu amama.

Na-eto eto, na obere wezụga, achọghị ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ. N'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ha na-arụ ọrụ tumadi ndị nkụzi a na-gụrụ akwụkwọ na Soviet oge, na inflow na-eto eto ndị nkụzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị bụ ntakịrị.

N'oge na-adịghị, site akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụkpụrụ na nkụzi mmụta n'oge osụhọ tụnyere ma e wezụga na na "itoolu aro", dissolving ya ụzọ niile. Obere ihe nke fọdụrụ na a-efegharị efegharị na-akpọ "perestroika" sonso ejide on. The obere klas nke ndị nọgidere si aga usoro, na-adọga-ejigide ihe bara uru nke ka na-ekpe.

Usoro ihe ochie nke onye nkụzi ọzụzụ, n'agbanyeghị na ụfọdụ akwụ ụgwọ, ka na-emezu, ya ozi na-eme nke ọma. Iji ụbọchị, anyị nwere a dilapidated usoro nke onye nkụzi agụmakwụkwọ, mweghachi nke nke ga-ahapụ a otutu manpower na ihe onwunwe. Ma, o sina dị, anyị ga-aga n'ihu, ọ bụghị na-na n'akụkụ peeji nke mmepeanya. Ịga n'ihu, anyị ga-ekpebi nke direction na-aga nkụzi agụmakwụkwọ, karịsịa na ọzụzụ nke ozizi ka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.

Otu ihe doro anya, na n'okpuru nduzi nke mmepeanya Filiks ọdịnaya nke onye nkụzi mmụta agbanweela. Ndị isi postulates ya na onye nkụzi bụ ụgbọelu nke omenala, ime mmụọ abara nke na-eto eto, onye nkụzi, bụ, bụ na a ga-abụ. ajụjụ site ịma aka ndị ọhụrụ banyere ihe na otú oge a na onye nkụzi ga-azụ? Olee ihe ọhụrụ umu ke pedagogical ọrụ, ọ ga-nna? Olee otú ndị ọkachamara nsụhọ nke oge a ozizi? Otu ihe anyị maara bụ na onye nkụzi ahụ bụ adịghị anya site ugbu a "homeroom" ke truest uche nke okwu. Age of ọmụma na nkwurịta okwu na teknụzụ na mgbakwunye na-akụziri ha isiokwu ga-etolite echiche, na-elekọta mmadụ ụwa, mmekọrịta nke ụmụ ndụ. Teachers nwere ike ugbu a na-ahuta ka a professionally zụrụ ọkachamara na ubi nke pedagogy mmekọahụ na ọha mmadụ. Ọ bụghị banyere àgwà ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka nnukwu ọkachamara ọzụzụ, agagharị, ike na-arụ ọrụ na a otu, kwenye ekwupụta echiche ha.

A akwa ebe bụ larịị nke ịmụta ọmụma na nkwurịta okwu na teknụzụ na ha ọrụ na-eme. Taa, ọmụma na nkwurịta okwu na teknụzụ aghọwo ihe akụkụ nke ọrụ aka mmụta na ọkachamara ọrụ.

Research ekenịmde ke Center maka ọrụ aka Education nke Kyrgyz Academy of Education mbipụta ga-ekpebi na ugbu a ala izi ụkpụrụ maka izi ebe adịghị inye ọzụzụ nke ndị nkụzi nke oge a n'ihi na-edebere ndị ọzụzụ. Na njikọ na nke mkpara nke Center oru ngo nke ọhụrụ CRP na-akwadebe site a pedagogical nghazi dabeere amaka.

The nsogbu nke amaka, amaka bilie na nso nso, na bụ na ya pụta nke na-agbanwe agbanwe socio-ọnọdụ akụ na ụba. The ihe ọmụma nweela na ọzụzụ ngwa ngwa aghọ gharazie ịba uru na-akọ nadpredmetny, ha na-guzobere ma ọ bụ enwetara na N'ezie nke a dịgasị iche iche nke mmụta na-eme. Onye ọ bụla nwere onwe ha larịị nke amaka. Ọ bụ ihe onye karịa ihe ọmụma na nkà. Amaka a na-anwale na gosiri nke ọma na-eme.

Professional iru eru nke ndị nkụzi. Dị ka anyị kwuru n'elu, nadpredmetna, na ọ bụghị a mfe nchikota nke isiokwu ihe ọmụma. "The kpọmkwem nke amaka dị ka otu ụdị nke ọkachamara readiness bụ na ọ na-enwetara na ezigbo ọnọdụ, idozi ọkachamara nsogbu, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ewe ebe n'ime kpuchie nke izi usoro. Nature pedagogical ọrụ ... adịghị ekwe ka amaka emepụtaghachi, ie "Nyefee" pụtara akwụkwọ omenala ghọtara ọzụzụ. Pedagogical amaka dị ka ihe existential onwunwe bụ ngwaahịa nke onwe onye na-mmepe nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ọkachamara na ndị ọkachamara na gburugburu ebe obibi, ndị a nke nna ukwu "[VV Serikov Nature ozizi eme na karịsịa ọrụ aka agụmakwụkwọ nkụzi // Pedagogy, № 5. - 2010. - p. 34-

Ke ofụri ofụri, ọdịdị nke pedagogical iru eru nke a ọzọ onye karịa ka ihe atụ, ihe engineer ma ọ bụ a dọkịta amaka. Nke ikpeazụ amaka ọzọ ụfọdụ, measurable. Ndị ọzọ okwu, pedagogical amaka bụ a n'ahụmahụ onwe onye, enwetara na ọzụzụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Ọ bụrụ na usoro iwu ihe ọmụma bụ otu niile ụmụ akwụkwọ, ndị amaka, dị ka e kwuru n'elu, onye ahụ. Pedagogical amaka-apụghị kwetakwara na ego site iwu ule ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ule, dị iche iche nke onu na e dere ule. Amaka ego ':. N'ime omume.

Na omenala ọzụzụ dị mkpa na-echeta, na-agwa, na-akọwa, mgbe amaka ịgakwuru akwụkwọ a kwesịrị bụghị nanị na-akọwa ihe mere ọ dị mkpa ka na-eme ihe, ma na-ịrụ a edinam. Amaka nwere ike ịbụ a ngwaahịa nke omenala ozizi, ie bụghị na nchikota nke ego nke ihe ọmụma na nkà. Nke a apụtaghị na anyị na-ahapụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ihe mmụta, ọ bụ a jụrụ nke ọmụmụ na-achị n'ihi na ya onwe m. Ọ ga-abụ ezigbo ịme anwansị nke pedagogical gburugburu ebe obibi, na search maka onwe. Nke a akpan akpan ụdị izi ọrụ, nke bụ na-eji dochie omenala obibia na nkwadebe nkụzi.

Ọ bụ ya mere ọhụrụ gos maka pedagogical nghazi ozizi omume a na-nyere na a 1 na 4 afọ N'ezie, ie, ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu, otu ụbọchị, a izu, na-akpọ "School Day".

Student ozi oge bụ ofu na ụlọ akwụkwọ.

Ọ bụ ya mere ọhụrụ gos maka pedagogical nghazi, ukwuu anya ugwo ozizi omume. Akụziri omume bụ ebe kpụrụ general ọkachamara na pụrụ iche maka ya. Na-ezi omume "inwoghara" ihe ọmụma na e nwetara okwu ihu ọha ma bara klaasị.

N'oge AGM mmepe nke pedagogical amaka ebe nke atọ blocks e kwuru: eluigwe na ala, n'ozuzu na pụrụ iche. The mbụ na nke abụọ blocks nke competences bụ n'ezie ike niile profaịlụ. pụrụ iche competencies igbochi kpọmkwem ka ọ bụla profaịlụ. The ndepụta competencies na-awa na CRP bụ advisory na ọdịdị, agụmakwụkwọ ka elu oru nwere ikike, dabeere na esịtidem ike, emeju, ịgbatị, dokwuo anya. Na usoro a ga-anọgide na ruo mgbe anyị na-ezigbo ihe nlereanya ga-egbo ọha mmadụ.