Electric eel: ndu e ji mara

Electric eel - azù site a-agbapụta n'ahụ ugbu a voltaji nke 650 V. a voltaji nwere ike ịbụ egbu onye nọ nso. Mmekọahụ tozuru okè electric eel esịmde fọrọ nke nta atọ mita n'ogologo, mgbe ahụ, dị ka ya ọkpụrụkpụ bụ iri sentimita. Atọ electric akụkụ ogide fọrọ nke nta 80% nke eel ahụ, ndị fọdụrụ 20 ji site ọzọ ozu-arụ a dị mkpa ọrụ (mmeputakwa, respiration, mgbaze, wdg).

A, mmiri bi ihe electric eel, ogbenye na oxygen, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ná mgbagwoju anya. N'ihi na ọtụtụ puku afọ nke mmalite, ọ na-amụta na-eku ume O2. Young conger nwere ike ịhụ n'ụzọ doro anya, Otú ọ dị, ihe karịrị afọ, ya nsogbu anya na imebi n'ike n'ike. Ọ ga-kwuru na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọ nādi ndu, anya Ya na-adịghị enye aka karịsịa. Otutu emit na-adịghị ike eletriki gboo (40-50 C), ala-voltaji orùrù data inyere ha aka ịchọta ha na-eri anụ.

Of azụ niile fauna bụ naanị ike n'ịwa a ego nke ike na pụrụ ibibi ma ọ bụ ọbụna gbuo a onye. Special electro ozi azụ maka nghazi, agbachitere, ịchụ nta, na nkwurịta okwu. Ọdụdọ discharges nwere ike na-anapụta banyere 250 ụdị azụ, Otú ọ dị, naanị ihe abụọ na ụdị azụ (eels na ụzarị) emepụta a ụgwọ nnọọ ike nke na ike igbu mmadụ. Eletrik pụtara na aru nke anụmanụ niile, gụnyere ụmụ mmadụ. Ọdụdọ gboo ebute site ná site na akwara ozi na ụbụrụ akwara ozi agafeela dị iche iche n'ókè nke ime ke idem. Ke ahu nke eels na ụzarị emepụta ukwuu ike na ha nwere ike iji ya dị ka a ngwá agha. Back ke mbubreyo narị afọ nke 18, ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtala na akwara esi gboo bụ elektrohimicheskuyu okike. Na ndị ọzọ okwu, ọbụna afọ ndị mbụ, e gosipụtara na akwara n'ókè - ije nke ion site akpụkpọ ahụ neurocyte. Na-ezu ike ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ya akpụkpọ ahụ mkpụrụ ndụ a na-adịghị mma nwere ike (n'ime edebe ion K) na n'èzí akpọkọtara ma na-ezighị ezi ma na-enwe ion (sodium na potassium ion). Na usoro nke penetration nke sodium ion n'ime cell nwere na-gbanwere mma. Na nkịtị ala n'ihi ọrụ nke "sodium mgbapụta" nke cell ego n'anya Bibie nke sodium ion.

eel azụ na-ọma na-emegharị ka ndụ na ndọta-n'agha, na ọ bụ a Ugboro bi n'ụlọ aquariums. Ụfọdụ Fans egosi ihe pụrụ iche ike nke eels iji bulbs, wires nke na-omitted ke akwarium. N'ịchọpụta nwere anụ (obere azụ oriri iberibe), electric eel amalite na-amụba electric discharges na otu okenye ọkara. Ịnụ static mkpọtụ n'ihi electrodischarges na akwarium set ụda amplifiers. Ijikwa dị otú ahụ a Pita - ọ bụ nnọọ ihe ize ndụ.

The pụrụ iche ike nke eel ọkà mmụta sayensị na-amụ ihe karịrị otu narị afọ. N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ eels eji nwere na mmetụta nke akwara, haruru, igbochi nnyefe nke gboo, ma si otú ahụ pụrụ isi metụta dị oké mkpa akụkụ ọtọ ọrụ (obi, akpa ume, digestive usoro). Akwara, haruru inhibit cleavage nke acetylcholine (ogbugbo) mgbe ọ nkanka na "sodium mgbapụta" neuron. Dị ka a na-achị, acetylcholine ke idem ozugbo gbawara n'etiti, otú e si arụ ya bụ isi ọrụ. The hydrolytic usoro a na-achịkwa na enzyme (cholinesterase). Dị nnọọ akwara, haruru igbochi ọrụ nke si enzyme.

Electro eel ji ịrịba ọdịnaya nke cholinesterase. Military ọkachamara ji electric eels dị ka isi iyi nke enzyme, na dị mkpa ka na-amụ usoro nke ihe nke akwara gas na ahụ mmadụ.