Personal ndụ na biography Tsiolkovskogo Konstantina Eduardovicha. Rụzuru na mepụtara Tsiolkovskii

Biography nke Tsiolkovsky bụ na-akpali ọ bụghị naanị na okwu nke rụzuru, ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere oké ọkà mmụta sayensị bụ a otutu. Tsiolkovsky mara ọtụtụ dị ka Mmepụta nke mbụ nlereanya rọketi, ike ofufe n'ime ohere. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ ya bụ a ma ama ọkà mmụta sayensị na ubi aeroastronavtiki, aerodynamics na Aeronautics. Nke a ohere ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ụwa aha. Biography nke Tsiolkovsky bụ ihe atụ nke nnọgidesi ike. Ọbụna ndị kasị sie ike, ọ dịghị jụrụ ịnọgide na-na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ.

Mmalite, nwata

Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich (afọ nke ndụ - 1857-1935) A mụrụ 09/17/1857 na Ryazan, n'ime obodo nke Izhevsk. Otú ọ dị, o biri ndụ ebe nnọọ ogologo. Mgbe ọ bụ 3 afọ, na Ignatievitch Edward, nna nke ọkà mmụta sayensị, na ihe isi ike na-eje ozi malitere. N'ihi nke a, Tsiolkovsky ezinụlọ kpaliri ke 1860 na Ryazan.

Nne aku mbụ guzobere Constantine na ụmụnne ya. Ọ bụ na ọ bụ onye kụziiri ya ịgụ na ide, nakwa matakwuo na ihe ndị bụ isi nke som. "Ifo" Aleksandra Afanaseva - a akwụkwọ na nke ọ mụtara ịgụ Tsiolkovsky. Mama ya kụziiri nwa ya nwoke na mkpụrụ okwu na otú na-etolite okwu site akwụkwọ ozi, Kostya chepụtara n'onwe ya.

Mgbe ọ bụ 9 afọ, ọ na-ejide a oyi mgbe sledding na ogho uhie fever. The ọrịa a sikwuoro, nke rụpụtara na ọnwụ nke na-anụ Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Ntị Chiri Constantine mere obi nkoropụ, ghara ida mmasị ná ndụ. Ọ bụ n'oge a na ọ malitere na-etinye aka na nkà ịrụ. Tsiolkovsky hụrụ n'anya na-eme ka akwụkwọ dị iche iche na ọnụ ọgụgụ.

Edward Ignatievich ke 1868 ọzọ ekpe na-enweghị ọrụ. The ezinụlọ ya kwagara Vyatka. Ebe a, ụmụnna nyeere Edward nweta a ọrụ ọhụrụ.

Education na-emega ahụ, ọnwụ nke nwanne ya nwoke na nne-

Constantine, tinyere Ignatius, nwanne ya nke nta, ghọrọ a na-amụ na nwoke Vyatka mgbatị na 1869. Esiri ya ezigbo ike, e nyere ọzụzụ - e nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-achị, na ndị nkụzi na-aka ike. Ke adianade do, dị nnọọ ntị ochichi gbochiri nwa okoro. N'otu afọ hụrụ ọnwụ nke Dmitry okenye nwanne Constantine. Ọ kwara ezinụlọ ahụ dum, ma ọtụtụ n'ime ihe niile - nne ya, Maria Ivanovna (ya foto weputara n'elu), nke bụ nnọọ ụtọ nke ọkpukpu. Na 1870, ọ nwụrụ na mberede.

Ọnwụ mama m eju nwata. Na tupu mgbe ahụ bụ na ọ bụghị ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma Ziolkowski malitere ịmụ njọ. Ọ ghọrọ acutely eche ha ntị ochichi, n'ihi na nke nke ghọrọ ihe na ọzọ dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ọ maara na Tsiolkovsky mgbe ahuhu n'ihi na ya antics, ọbụna oyi. Constantine bụ na nke abụọ n'afọ nke abụọ ọkwa. Mgbe ahụ, nke atọ na klas (na 1873), a chụpụrụ. More Tsiolkovsky enweghị ebe na mgbe na-amụ. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ onwe ha.

onwe-akụziri

Nke ahụ bụ mgbe Tsiolkovsky hụrụ ezi ọkpụkpọ. The nwa okorobịa malitere na-enweta agụmakwụkwọ na ha onwe ha. Akwụkwọ, n'adịghị ka ụtọ asụsụ nkụzi, mmesapụ aka na-eke n'etiti Tsiolkovsky ihe ọmụma na agaghị katọwa. Mgbe Constantine sonyeere na nkà mmụta sayensị na teknuzu creativity. Tsiolkovsky kere a lathe n'ụlọ, nakwa dị ka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ na-akpali mepụtara.

Life na Moscow

Edward Ignatievich ikwere na ikike nke nwa-ya, kpebiri ziga ya Moscow, ya mere, ọ debara aha na School of Engineering (ugbu a MSTU. Bauman). Nke a mere na July 1873. Ma Kostya na ụlọ akwụkwọ na mere maka ụfọdụ amaghị ihe kpatara. Ọ nọgidere na-Nduzi na Moscow. Tsiolkovsky biri nnọọ agụghị oké, ma strived ka ihe ọmụma. Ọ nọrọ na ngwá na akwụkwọ na-zitere site na nna nke ego azọpụta.

The nwa okorobịa wee ụbọchị ọ bụla dị na Chertkovsky ọha Ọbá akwụkwọ, ebe ọ na-amụ na sayensị. N'ebe a, o zutere Nikolaem Fedorovichem Fedorovym, nchoputa nke Russian cosmism. Nwoke a dochie Constantine prọfesọ mahadum.

Tsiolkovsky bụ, n'afọ mbụ nke ndụ na Moscow, mụọ physics na mgbakọ na mwepụ na-amalite. Ha na-agbaso site integral na esi Calculus, * Tụkwasị na gbasara nyocha jiometrị, elu algebra. Mgbe e mesịrị, Constantine mụọ-arụzi ụgbọala, onwu, na mbara igwe. 3 afọ ọ mụtara ụtọ asụsụ akwụkwọ omume, nakwa dị ka isi akụkụ nke mahadum. Nna site a apụghị inye ndụ Tsiolkovsky na Moscow. Constantine laghachi n'ụlọ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1876 ike gwụrụ na ebelatawo.

onwe ihe

The ọrụ ike na ike ọnọdụ mere ka arịa ọrịa nke ọhụụ. Ziolkowski malitere yi iko mgbe ha laghachiri n'ụlọ. Iweghachi agha, o wee malite inye onwe ihe na mgbakọ na mwepụ na physics. Mgbe mgbe, ọ na-adịkwaghị mkpa ndị na-eso ụzọ, dị ka gosiri na a akwa andikpep. Tsiolkovsky n'ọrụ site ụzọ mepụtara ya na omume nke ihe, otu nke bụ isi visual ngosipụta. Tsiolkovsky maka jiometrị ihe mere ụdị nke polyhedrons mere nke akwụkwọ, gwakọta ha na ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere na physics. Nke a mere ka aha nke onye nkụzi, o doro anya na-akọwa ihe. The ụmụ akwụkwọ hụrụ n'anya Tsiolkovsky ọmụmụ ebe ọ bụ mgbe niile na-akpali.

Ọnwụ nke nwanne ya nwoke, a nke ọma udomo oro

Ignatius, nwanne nke Constantine, nwụrụ mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke 1876. The ụmụnna bụ ndị nnọọ nso kemgbe ha bụ nwata, otú ọnwụ ya a oké igbu Constantine. Ziolkowski ezinụlọ na 1878, laghachi Ryazan.

Constantine ozugbo ya rutere gafere a ọgwụ nnyocha, na ihe nke n'ihi na nke ntị ochichi tọhapụrụ agha. Iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi, na-achọ nkwenye nke ntozu. Na Tsiolkovsky edozi nsogbu a - ọdịda nke 1879 ọ gafere udomo oro dị ka mpụga amụrụ ke akpa n'ógbè mgbatị. Ugbu a na eze ghọrọ a nkụzi mgbakọ na mwepụ Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

Personal ndụ

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1880 na nwunye na nwa nwaanyị nke onye nwe ụlọ na o biri ndụ. Na na January 1881, nwụrụ Eduard Ignatievich.

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky ụmụ: a nwa na umu-ndikom atọ na - Ignatius, Alexander na Ivan.

Na-arụ ọrụ na Borovsk district akwụkwọ, mbụ na nkà mmụta sayensị akwụkwọ

Tsiolkovsky-arụ ọrụ na Borovsk district nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ, ke ukem n'ịnọgide na-amụ n'ụlọ. O mere Eserese, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na odide, anwalewo. Ya mbụ ọrụ e dere na-arụzi ụgbọala na usoro ndu. Tsiolkovsky na 1881 kere ya mbụ ọrụ nke pụrụ atụle n'ezie na nkà mmụta sayensị. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere "Ozizi, haruru". Ma mgbe ahụ, ọ na-amụta site na di Mendeleev na nchọpụta nke a Ozizi mere afọ 10 gara aga. Tsiolkovsky, n'agbanyeghị setback, ọ nọgidere na ya ọmụmụ.

Development nke balloon Ọdịdị

Otu n'ime ndị isi nsogbu, nke na-arụ ya ruo ogologo oge, bụ ozizi balloons. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị Tsiolkovsky ghọtara na nke a karịsịa nsogbu bụ ịṅa ntị. Onye ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara ya imewe nke balloon. The N'ihi nke ọrụ ahụ Tsiolkovsky "Ozizi na ahụmahụ nke a balloon ..." (1885-86 gg.). Na-arụ ọrụ a ọ na-agu n'onye ezi omume site na ihe e kere eke nke a fundamentally ọhụrụ imewe airship enwe a mkpa metal shei.

House ọku Tsiolkovsky

Biography nke Tsiolkovsky akara ọdachi nke April 23, 1887 On a ụbọchị, o si Moscow mgbe ya mepụtara nke akụkọ. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ọkụ mere na ulo Tsiolkovsky. Ọ gbara ọkụ ụdị, ihe odide, Ọbá akwụkwọ, Eserese na ezinụlọ ya dum ihe onwunwe, ma e wezụga ndị akwa akwa igwe (ọ tụba yad site a window). Ọ bụ a nnọọ ike igbu maka Tsiolkovsky. O kwupụtara na echiche a odide isiokwu ya bụ "Ekpere."

Nyefee na Kaluga, ọhụrụ ọrụ na ọmụmụ

DS Unkovsky, director nke mbụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, 27 January 1892 chọrọ nyefee ka ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Kaluga otu n'ime "uchu" na "ike" nke ndị nkụzi. Ebe a Tsiolkovsky biri ruo mgbe ọnwụ ya. Site 1892, ọ rụrụ ọrụ ndị Kaluga district nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ nke jiometrị na som. Ebe ọ bụ na 1899, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nyekwara ihe na physics na ụmụ nwanyị na Dayọsis School. Tsiolkovsky dere Kaluga ha isi ọrụ na ozizi ugboelu propulsion, aerospace, ohere usoro ndu na ọgwụ. Ke adianade do, ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na ozizi dara dirigible Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Photos ọkọnọ n'okpuru - onyinyo nke ncheta nke ọkà mmụta sayensị na Moscow.

Na 1921, mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke ozizi ya, e nyere a ndụ onye ụgwọ ezumike nká. Site n'oge ruo ọnwụ ya Tsiolkovsky biography akara site n'imikpu ná mmiri na-amụ ihe, mmejuputa iwu oru ngo, dissemination nke echiche ha. Ịkụziri ya na-agaghịkwa alụ.

Kasị sie ike oge

Kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ karịsịa Tsiolkovsky na-aghọ akpa afọ 15 nke narị afọ nke 20. Ignatius, nwa ya, gburu onwe ha na 1902. Ke adianade do, na 1908, ụlọ ya n'oge Iju Mmiri nke Oka River idei mmiri. N'ihi nke a, anyị na-kụrụ aka nke igwe na ọtụtụ ngosi, furu efu ọtụtụ pụrụ iche calculations.

First ọkụ, mgbe idei mmiri ... O yiri ka Tsiolkovsky bụghị enyi na enyi okwu na ọcha. Site n'ụzọ, na-echeta na ọkụ na 2001, bụ nke mere na Russian ụgbọ mmiri. Ụgbọ mmiri na-ejide ọkụ, na July 13 nke afọ a - "Konstantin Tsiolkovsky," n'ụgbọ mmiri. Ọ dabara nke ọma, ma ọ dịghị onye e gburu ya, ma ụgbọ mmiri onwe ya e merụsịrị mebiri emebi. Inside, ihe niile ọkụ ka ọkụ na 1887, nke ọbọhọ Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.

Ya biography akara isi ike nke ga-agbajikwa ọtụtụ, ma ọ bụghị ma ama ucheogo. Na ya ndụ mgbe a mgbe ọ ghọrọ mfe. Russian otu hụrụ mirovedeniya June 5, 1919, ọkà mmụta sayensị mere ya n'ike mmụọ nsọ na họpụtara ya a ụgwọ ezumike nká. Nke a zọpụtara Tsiolkovsky aguu n'oge emeghasịkwa, dị ka ndị Socialist Academy June 30, 1919 anabataghị ya n'ime ha n'ohu ma si otú ekpe na-enweghị a oru. The uru nke ụdị ọkọnọ Tsiolkovsky bụghị ekele na Physico-Chemical Society. Na 1923, Alexander, nwa ya nke abụọ, were ndụ ya.

Ude nke party ochichi

Soviet ọchịchị chetaara Tsiolkovsky naanị na 1923, mgbe mere H. Oberth, German physics, akwụkwọ nke rọketi engines na ohere njem. Ibi na arụ ọrụ na ọnọdụ Tsiolkovsky mgbe gbanwere n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama. Party edu ndú nke USSR sere uche nke ndị dị otú ahụ a ma ama na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ka Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Ya biography dịwo akara a ọtụtụ rụzuru, ma ha na-enweghị mmasị na ndị dị ike nke ụwa a ka oge ụfọdụ. Na na 1923, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị a họpụtara onye ụgwọ ezumike nká, nyere ọnọdụ n'ihi na-amị mkpụrụ ọrụ. A November 9, 1921, ọ malitere iji kwụọ ụgwọ ezumike nká na maka ya ọrụ na nkà mmụta sayensị. Tsiolkovsky natara ndị a ego ruo mgbe September 19, 1935 On a ụbọchị akpa ke Kaluga, nke ghọrọ n'ụlọ ya, Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich.

rụzuru

Tsiolkovsky chọrọ a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke echiche na-hụrụ ngwa rọketi. Nke a gas amara maka ịchịkwa ndị ụgbọ elu nke rọketi; na ojiji nke propellants ka obi jụrụ ná mpụta shei nke ụgbọ mmiri n'oge ntinye nke ugboelu n'ime mbara ikuku na ndị ọzọ. Na ubi nke rọketi fuels, ebe a gosiri na Ziolkowski. Nyochaworo plurality nke dị iche iche fuels na oxidants, na-atụ aro iji mmanụ ụgbọala Alụlụụ: oxygen na hydrocarbons ma ọ bụ hydrogen Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. Ya mepụtara na-agụnye a atụmatụ turbomachine. Ke adianade do, o bipụtara na 1927 atụmatụ na nchepụta nke ụgbọ oloko na ikuku fom. First chọrọ ndị Chassis, eji ala ahụ, ọ bụ Tsiolkovskiy Konstantin Eduardovich. Na o mepụtara, ugbu a ị maara. Airship na ohere njem - isi nsogbu na ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ewepụtara ndụ ya niile.

Na Kaluga, a ngosi nka nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke astronautics aha ya bụ mgbe a ọkà mmụta sayensị, na nke i nwere ike ịmụta ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere ndị dị otú ahụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, dị ka Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Photos of ngosi nka ụlọ a na-ọkọnọ n'elu. Ná mmechi, ga-amasị m na-aguputa a nkebi ahịrịokwu ahụ. Ya na-ede akwụkwọ - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Ruturu ya ọtụtụ ndị maara, na nke a, ma eleghị anya, ị maara. "The planet nwere a ku n'aka nke uche, ma otu onye nwere ike ịdị ndụ ebighị ebi na a ku n'aka," - kwuru otu Tsiolkovsky. Today na nkwupụta a na-emi odude n'ọnụ ụzọ ogige ahụ ha. Tsiolkovsky (Kaluga), ebe ọ na-eli ọkà mmụta sayensị.