Project 1174 "Rhino". Large ọdịda ship

The alụ maka elu na Maritime zones nwere otu ihe dị ka ikuku elu.

Ndị agha mwakpo ndị si n'oké osimiri

Control ebe a na-ejedebeghị na a free nghogbu warships na mma-ije nke iga arịa. E nwere ohere na-akwado n'ala nke ha agha ọdịda si n'oké osimiri. Mgbe ụfọdụ amphibious wakpo e nweghị ọzọ. Mara arụmọrụ ke Sicily na Normandy, nke na ha na-arụkọ rụrụ ọdịdọ nke bridgeheads agha amphibious wakpo na German-arụ n'ókèala, anya na-egosi na usoro dị mkpa nke ndị dị otú ahụ arụmọrụ. Ihe Nlereanya nke na-eji amphibious wakpo ezu na Russian agha akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ọ bụ ezie na Russia adịghị ekenịmde usoro amphibious arụmọrụ, ma dị njikere disembark expeditionary ike na ebe nke Istanbul na 1917.

Soviet amphibious mmiri

The mbụ pụrụ iche amphibious mmiri bụ akụkụ nke Soviet Navy mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. The mgbanwe nke ala gbara osimiri okirikiri nsoro na oké osimiri chọrọ idegharị ya nnweta nke echiche. Soviet shipbuilders na-enweghị ahụmahụ na-ewu ụgbọ nile nke a na-aga. Ya mere, ihe mbụ amphibious Ụgbọ mmiri ndị tọgbọrọ Poland, na Gdańsk ano. Shipbuilding ikike nke mbụ German shipyards Sheehan Danzig-enye gị ohere ngwa ngwa amalite mmepụta nke a ọhụrụ ụdị ụgbọ mmiri. The mbụ na kasị oke usoro nke ígwè tank ọdịda mmiri Project 701. Ha na-eje ozi n'ọtụtụ mba ndị Soviet Bloc, gosipụtara onwe ya na nke kacha mma aka.

Nsogbu na ngwọta

Nkezi ọdịda mmiri na-ọma-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe aga-eme nke ala gbara osimiri okirikiri mpaghara. Ma Soviet Navy esiwanye okụt oké osimiri anya. E nwere mkpa dị ukwuu maka ọdịda craft, ike nke na-eme ihe ndị skwodron na-akwa oké osimiri raids, ikwe nyefe nke support agha karịrị anya. Nke a ọrụ achọrọ na ụgbọ mmiri ibu Ndahie na ịrịba kwurula igodo. Na 1964, ndị Design Bureau Nevsky ano ulo oru ngo na 1174 "Rhino". Nke a cipher nweela a ọhụrụ usoro nke nnukwu ọdịda mmiri (BDK). Names warships omenala kwekọrọ na otu isiokwu. A usoro nke BBC "enyí ọhịa" na-aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke dike nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya.

A usoro nke "enyí ọhịa"

Ogbugbu nke ngo chọrọ a ịrịba ego nke teknuzu ngwọta na Ntụpụta elo okwu. Chọrọ iji hụ na ọdịda nke a ịrịba ego nke na ngwá na pesonel ke gburugburu ebe a na-apụghị ụzọ hụ tupu ha emee. Ụgbọ mmiri na ike, nke e nyere a ọhụrụ BBC nwere ike ịdị iche iche budata. Ọ pụta ìhè na ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na elu arụmọrụ nkwụsi ike nke ọdịda n'elu ikpo okwu, ma na-ike na-enye nkwado na-ekpuchi maka agha ka disembark. N'ihi na ndị a na ihe ndị ọzọ, ngo na 1174 "Rhino" ike-egbu oge. Otú ọ dị, ihe niile mere afọ 14 mgbe mmalite nke mmepe. The ukwu mbụ ọdịda ship banyere ozi na 1978. Total jisiri ewu atọ nkeji nke oru ngo. Ugbu a, ndị Russian Navy nwere naanị BDK "Mitrofan Moskalenko."

Design atụmatụ

Ndahie ndị ọhụrụ ka ụgbọ ahụ banyere 12 000 ise. Project 1174 "enyí ọhịa" na-enye ohere ka ibufe na ala a battalion nke bipu na banyere iri ise iberibe oké ígwè. Na a cruising nso nke ruo 4,000 amụ ka kilomita na ya n'ihi na a ọnwa nwere onwe ha na-arụ ọrụ na ọdịda agha. Atọ ụgbọ mmiri na a nnukwu oche na AFT superstructure akụkụ ike ala ọnọdụ nke ulo alụso na nchekwa technology. Redio na-onwem na ngwaọrụ na-akpụ akpụ na transportable akụrụngwa.

akụrụngwa

Ọdịda ike ekwe inye ọdịda na unequipped na unequipped n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Project 1174 "enyí ọhịa" na-enye ọtụtụ nhọrọ maka ọrụ. N'ihi na ọdịda na a osimiri ma ọ bụ na-emighị emi mmiri nwere ike a ga-eji gọzie gị eji ụzọ ámá na a retractable ramp. Site na ha, ọ bụ ike ise n'elu na-ese n'elu mmiri na ngwá agha na-enweghị-eru nso nke foreshore. The arịa nwere a n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri igwefoto fiidi. Ọ e mere maka ndị na-abụghị-ese n'elu mmiri loading ngwá on ọdịda craft na onwe-propelled nyiwe. N'ihi ya, nnyefe nke agha si ship n'ikpere mmiri adịghị adabere omimi nke wakporo na nnweta nke n'ụsọ oké osimiri. N'out oge na n'elu pụtara ebufe agha na BDK "Ivan Rogov" akpan series, nyere maka na o na-eji amphibious helicopters maka ngwa dobe-apụ nke ìhè wakpo ìgwè na support agha. Helicopter Group ike ịnapụta na bridgehead 64 njikere commandos maka otu ụgbọ elu, na-enye ha na ọkụ nkwado ma ọ bụ esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile.

agha

Ọ na-e chere na BBC na-arụ ọrụ na skwodron, huu ya ngwa. O sina dị, 1174 ngo "Rhino" nyere nnọọ oké njọ ngwá agha. The ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike akwado ọdịda nke ogbunigwe na rọketi ọkụ. N'ihi nke a ka ọ kwadebere n'ụzọ dị ngwa-76-millimeter egbe ala n'ịnyịnya na a turret na a tank. Na mgbakwunye na egbe nke usoro caliber ọku ike nyere site anọ isii barreled ogbunigwe unit.

System na a n'usoro n'usoro unit Kporo caliber 30 mm na-emepụta a ezigbo njupụta nke ọkụ. Ya ozi bụ chebe oghere si ikuku na oké osimiri ọgụ. Air agbachitere BDK mere mkpụmkpụ-nso ikuku agbachitere usoro edinam na obere -emegide ugbo elu agha usoro, n'ihi na nke mmalite-elu pụrụ iche turrets na-nyere. Fire support kụrụ nkeji nwekwara ike nyere agha usoro "Grad" mmiri ngwa. Site jikeere mmiri ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka "Ivan Rogov" ga-agụnye anọ Ka-29 oké osimiri dabeere na, enịm na elu oche. Na mgbakwunye na-agbachitere ihe aga-eme na-akwado ndị na ọdịda nke ndị a helicopters na-enwe ike iji kụziere mgbochi okpuru mmiri agha na nyoputa onyeiro.

Alternative "Mistral"

Order na France anọ amphibious wakpo ụgbọ mmiri klas "Mistral" e so na-arụsi ọrụ ụka na okirikiri nke ọkachamara na ọha na eze. Ufiop mkparịta ụka a na-akpọ nke zuo ná mba ọzọ nke isi obodo ụgbọ mmiri, nke mere ka ọgba aghara. The Soviet Union wuru a ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ mgbagwoju oru na usoro na mgwo agha. Abụọ nke arụmụka nwere ihe mere ya anya nke nsogbu. N'ezie, Russia nwere nwere iwu a ụgbọ mmiri nke ọ bụla na klas.

Ma akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oru ngo 1174, nke e kere fọrọ nke nta ka afọ iri na ise, na-egosi mgbagwoju na ngwọju-anya ọbụla nke ajụjụ. Russian mmiri na-alaghachi azụ oké osimiri, na ọzọ ajụjụ na-ebilite ọdịdị amphibious skwodron akụrụngwa, ngwá ọrụ projections nke oké osimiri ike n'ala ahụ. Na ụlọ ọrụ nke Navy, na-agbasokarị ọchịchọ inweta bụghị naanị a ọdịda craft, kamakwa arụmọrụ center nke dum nsoro, nke ị nwere ike ijikwa otu-eme.

Ọdịda ụgbọ mmiri a ka o di uru n'elu ot ọgụ ụgbọ mmiri. The uru nke "Mistral" kwesịrị ịgụnye a zuru okè akara na nkwurịta okwu na usoro. Ke adianade ọdịda a tụnyere ibu, ọ nwere ike na-ebu 16 multi-ọrụ helicopters, nke budata enwekwu-ekwe omume nke iku ike nke Marines. Names warships klas "Mistral" na-egosipụta aha nke Russian dike n'obodo. Emegide tinye n'ihu a ezi uche emegideghị nnweta nke ngwá a mba nke bụ onye so na-eguzogide agha blocs, na-agba ndị na-ejighị n'aka ize ndụ. Na otú ọ mere.

revival oru ngo

The ofufe nke Soviet Union na ndị sochirinụ aku isi ike ịgà na nsoro bases. Ọ na-e-anọghịzi n'ọrụ na BDK "Alexander Nikolaev". Ọ bụ nke abụọ ụgbọ mmiri nke usoro. naanị otu nnukwu ọdịda ship nọgidere na-eje ozi.

Development nke amphibious mmiri wee na-achụso ọdịda. Ụzọ ụgbọ mmiri nke usoro "Ivan Gren" na-rapaara na ebuka n'ihi na mgbe nile mgbanwe na oru ngo. France si jụrụ-ezitekwara anọ UDC "Mistral" fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịhapụ oke nke Navy Command. Russian mmiri na-arụ ọrụ na Oceanic mpaghara, nọ ná mkpa nke ọdịda akụrụngwa. Ahụmahụ dị mwute nke ịzụ a isi ngwá agha usoro si mba ọzọ dọrọ aka ná ntị megide ya nlọghachite. Development nke a oru ngo ohuru ike-egbu oge ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Ya mere, ndị na-azọrọ taa na kama nke "Mistral" ga-re-na-ulo oru "enyí ọhịa" mmepụta BDK cipher. N'ezie, ọ bụ adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na ambitions nke Naval Staff, bụ onye chọrọ ka a ọzọ mepere emepe na eluigwe na ala ọdịda n'elu ikpo okwu, ma ọ bụrụhaala na e nweghị ọzọ ngwọta.