Gịnị Njirimara nwere legiruemye nchara?

Ọ maara na ọla na a elu-adị ọcha (99.99 percent ma ọ bụ karịa dị ọcha umi) nwere ala ike, na-eme ha siri ike iji. Wezụga na-aluminum na ọla kọpa, na-eji ọkụ eletrik. Steel, na njikọ na ha ọrụ, ga-enweta rigidity, eyi na-eguzogide, ekweghị ekwe, ma mgbe ụfọdụ, ekwedo na ductility, Otú ọ dị na ígwè dị ọcha ụdị ike ha ekwesighi.

Legiruemye ígwè si dị iche na ndị nkịtị ọnụnọ artificially ẹkenam nwekwara nke chọpụta ụfọdụ Njirimara nke alloy nke ọdịnihu. N'ihi ya, na nkịtị carbon ígwè dị iche iche n'ike-n'ike "ọka" ferrite, cementite, na perlite. Na iwebata nke alloying ọcha carbon nọmba mgbe ebelata ke pearlite (enwekwu ígwè ike).

Legiruemye ígwè site ewebata ọzọ bekee mgbe nwere a agbagọ crystal lattice, na ike na-enye ndị ọzọ viscosity (n'oge egweri ọka perlite na ferrite), a ọnụ ke esịtidem nchegbu, belata puru nke cracking n'oge na-ekwesi ma ọ bụ na-abawanye na omimi nke ihe onwunwe na calcining al.

Njirimara nke igwe anaghị agba nchara bụ kpọmkwem dabere na ndị ọzọ mmiri. Ka ihe atụ, ndị ọcha chromium na nickel Echekwara metal akụkụ si corrosion, manganese enwekwu mmetụta na-eguzogide, na-eyi ndị na-eguzogide na ekweghị ekwe na-abawanye. Ndị dị otú ahụ ihe mmewere dị ka sịlịkọn, na-enyere isiokwu mma idi metụtara asịd na cobalt enwekwu elu-okpomọkụ ike.

Legiruemye ígwè chemical mejupụtara ekewa high-, medium- na ala-na-alloy (ọdịnaya nke nwekwara bụ karịa 10%, 2,5 - 10% na-erughị 2.5% karị). Na massively emepụta srednelegirovannye ígwè (ose nkejikotara banyere 5-6%) nke pearlite Ọdịdị. The ọzọ bughi alloys nke mejupụtara (martensitic, carbide, austenitic, ferritic) ndị na-erughị nkịtị.

N'ihi na ihe ndị a na ụdị, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị ọzọ na ulo oru na ngwaahịa, nwere ya GOST. Alloy steels na-nkewa site ọchịchị ụkpụrụ № 4543 - 71, site na nke onye pụrụ ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ na mmiri na ígwè nke a akpan akpan ika. Ka ihe atụ, hromomargantsovonikelevy alloy na titanium na molybdenum 25HGNMT sample emi esịnede ruo 0,29% carbon, ruo 0,37% sịlịkọn, ruo 0,8 percent manganese, ruo 0,6% na 1.10% nke chromium na nickel (karị ), ruo ọkara percent molybdenum na 0,09 percent titanium. Na mgbakwunye na agwaogwa na teknuzu chọrọ GOST nwere zuru data on ngwaahịa testing ụzọ, nabata iwu, iga, nkwakọ na ndị ọzọ.

Legiruemye na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ iche iche dị ka nzube ha: ewu (. Na-eji n'ibu injinịa, na-ewu nke àkwà mmiri, okporo ígwè ụgbọala, mmanụ na gas, isi iyi, iyi, wdg), ngwaọrụ (nke na-ebu ịcha ngwaọrụ dị ka u, faịlụ, ịwa nkume,-egwe ọka egbutusị, wdg .) na pụrụ iche-nzube ígwè na-enwe elu na-eguzogide megide corrosion nke electrochemical ụdị.