The ibé nke balet "Swan Lake". P. I. Chaykovsky, "Swan Lake": nchịkọta na-ekwu

"Swan Lake" balet na music nke Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky bụ ndị kasị ama n'ụwa nke nkiri nwetara. A masterpiece nke choreography e kere n'elu 130 afọ gara aga, ma ka na-ewere na oké nweta nke Russian omenala. "Swan Lake" - a balet niile oge, ọkọlọtọ nke elu art. Ụwa kasị ukwuu balet dancers na-asọpụrụ na-egwu ọrụ nke Odette. White ọbọgwụ mmiri, nnọchianya nke ịdị ukwuu na ịma mma nke Russian balet, bụ na ihe apụghị iru elu ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu "nkume pel" ke "okpueze" nke ụwa omenala.

The arụmọrụ na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri

The ibé nke balet "Swan Lake" na-ekpughe na fabulous akụkọ nke Princess (Swan) site na aha Odette na Prince Siegfried.

Onye ọ bụla na-erubere "Swan Lake" ke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri - bụ a ememe, Bilie-adịghị anwụ anwụ music nke Tchaikovsky na ebube mbụ choreography. Yi ekike na mma, enweghị ntụpọ egwu soloists na agha de balet ike onye na mkpokọta picture nke elu art. Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Moscow bụ mgbe zuru mgbe idaha bụ ndị balet "Swan Lake" - na kacha mma n'ụwa nke balet n'ihi na nke ikpeazụ afọ 150. Performance-agba abụọ nzurutụ wee na abụọ na ọkara awa. Symphony eti egwú na n'oge nkwụsịtụ ruo oge ụfọdụ nọ na-egwu nwayọ nwayọ musical isiokwu. The ibé nke balet "Swan Lake" doo onye na-enweghị mmasị, na-ege ntị ọmịiko n'ebe mmalite agwa na njedebe nke play ejije-eru ná njedebe. Mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke balet na-ege ntị n'ihi na a ogologo oge na-adịghị na-ekwekọrịtaghị. N'ụzọ ihe atụ gosiri na ya mmasi maka otu ndị na-ekiri, bụ onye bịara Moscow na gara Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri: "-ewute m na ọ gaghị ekwe omume iji mee ka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na agba na-egwu, na inye niile nka, na ọ ga-mkpa ọtụtụ gwongworo." Ndị a bụ ndị kasị mma okwu ekele, onye mgbe nụrụ nke a mgbidi nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri.

"Swan Lake": akụkọ ihe mere eme

Malite nke kpara balet arụmọrụ malitere na 1875, mgbe management nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri nyere ndị na-eto eto dere Petru Ilichu Chaykovskomu music maka a ọhụrụ show na-akpọ "Swan Lake." Creative ngo chọrọ nnọọ olu update. Iji mee nke a, na kpebiri ike a na mmepụta nke "Swan Lake". Tchaikovsky n'oge na e mebeghị ya maara nke ọma dere, ọ bụ ezie na ha na-anọ symphonies, na opera "Eugene Onegin" e dere. Ọ ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na setịpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ. Iji kpọọ "Swan Lake" music e dere maka otu afọ. Edeturu onye dere ọkọnọ Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri Directorate na April 1876.

libretto

Libretto dere site ama egwuregwu na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oge, Vladimir Begichev, na mmekota na balet egwú Vasiliem Geltserom. Ọ bụ ka edoghị ihe edemede iyi bụ ihe ndabere maka mmepụta. Ụfọdụ kweere na akụkọ ọrụ biiri si Heinrich Heine, ndị ọzọ kweere na prototype jere ozi dị ka "White Swan" by Alexander Pushkin, ma mgbe ahụ, ọ na-adịghị anya ihe na-eme na isi agwa nke a akụkọ ifo, Prince Guidon, n'ihi na ọ dị ka a mara na jikọrọ ya na ihe oyiyi nke nējide onwe- nnụnụ. Ọ bụla ọ bụ, ya tụgharịa a ọma libretto, na malitere ọrụ na show, "Swan Lake". Tchaikovsky nọ mgbe rehearsals, were ifịk akụkụ na Nwa.

ọdịda

Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-arụ ọrụ na show. The ibé nke balet "Swan Lake" niile yiri mbụ, na ihe nke ihe ọhụrụ. Rehearsals kere ruo abalị, ọ dịghị onye na-a ọsọ ọsọ na-ahapụ. Ọ dịghị onye na isi ike-abịa na-adịghị anya nwere ike ihu. Performance nke "Swan Lake," akụkọ nke bụ nnọọ ihe siri ike, na-akwadebe maka premiere. Ụlọ ihe nkiri na-ege ntị na-na-atụ anya ihe omume a.

The premiere nke "Swan Lake" Ẹkenịm ke February 1877 na, n'ụzọ dị mwute, na-emezughị. N'ezie, ọ bụ a ọdịda. Ihe mbụ na-ata ụta fiasco e kwuru ahazi ụkwụ egwú arụmọrụ, Wenzel Reisinger, mgbe ahụ wee na-agba egwú, na-arụ ọrụ nke Odette, Pauline Karpakovoy. Site na "Swan Lake" jụrụ, na niile scores ndidi nwa oge "shelved".

laghachi arụmọrụ

Ke 1893, Tchaikovsky nwụrụ. Ma mgbe ahụ mkpebi e mere a egwuregwu gburugburu ebe obibi iji laghachi na-egwu "Swan Lake", na music nke dị ebube. Ọ na-nọgidere na iweghachi arụmọrụ ọhụrụ version, imelite choreography. Ọ na-e kpebiri ime ka na ebe nchekwa nke nnwụchu nwụrụ anwụ andiwet. The ọhụrụ libretto wepụtara onwe ike Umeala Tchaikovsky, nwanne Petra Ilicha na Ivan Vsevolozhsk, director nke Imperial Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Music mgbe iri a ma ama na-eduzi ya Riccardo Drigo, bụ onye a obere oge jisiri re proaranzhirovat dum mejupụtara na ejikọta emelitere ngwaahịa. Choreographic mpempe e reworked ama choreographer, Marius Petipa, na-eso ụzọ ya - Lvom Ivanovym.

ọhụrụ na-agụ

Ọ na-kweere na Petipa choreography ịmepụtagharịa na balet "Swan Lake", ma ezi flavor nke play nyere Russian Lev Ivanov, jisiri ike ikpokọta Razdolnaya melodiousness na pụrụ iche amara nke Russian expanses. All nke a bụ ugbu na ogbo n'oge arụmọrụ. Ivanov dere enchanted ụmụ agbọghọ na ogwe aka gafere na a akpan akpan nchepụta nke isi, anọ dancers. Na-akpali akpali na subtly alluring amara ọbọgwụ mmiri ọdọ - nwekwara wesa a nkà nnyemaaka Marius Petipa. Performance nke "Swan Lake", ọdịnaya na nkà flavor bụ ọhụrụ na-agụ na-ukwuu mma, dị njikere na-aga na ogbo a ọhụrụ version, ma tupu a choreographer Petipa kpebiri mmanya aesthetic larịị ọnọdụ iji mee ka ọbụna elu na nd-egwuri niile bọọlụ nke idaha ke n'obí eze Princess na ikpe ememe na Polish, Spanish na Hungarian agba egwú. White queen swans, mepụtakwara site Ivanov na Marius Petipa iche Odile, nwa ọbọgwụ mmiri, na-eke ebube "nwa" pas de deux nke abụọ omume. The mmetụta bụ pụtara.

The ibé nke balet "Swan Lake" na a ọhụrụ mmepụta nke baa ọgaranya, ghọrọ ihe na-akpali. Maestro na ya na-enyere aka wee na-melite solo akụkụ na ha na mmekọrịta ya na agha de balet. N'ihi ya, arụmọrụ nke "Swan Lake", ọdịnaya na nkà flavor na ndị ọhụrụ na-agụ na-budata mma, n'oge na-adịghị na ọ dị njikere n'ikpeazụ gaa na ogbo.

The ọhụrụ ngwọta

Na 1950, choreographer nke Mariinsky Ụlọ ihe nkiri na St. Petersburg, chọrọ a ọhụrụ version nke "Swan Lake". Dị ka ya atụmatụ na mwute ọgwụgwụ nke play kagburu, na-acha ọcha ọbọgwụ mmiri anwụghị, ihe niile biri "obi ụtọ." Mgbanwe ndị dị otú na egwuregwu okirikiri mgbe mere na Soviet ụfọdụ, a na-ewere ezi ụdị ka embellish ihe. Otú ọ dị, ndị dị otú ahụ a mgbanwe site play enweghị mmeri, na iche, ghọrọ obere na-akpali, ọ bụ ezie na akụkụ nke ọha na eze nabatara ọhụrụ version nke nkwupụta ahụ.

Ịsọpụrụ ìgwè ẹkenịmde gara aga mbipụta. Na ihu ọma nke ndị oge gboo version bụ eziokwu na ndị ikpeazụ ọdachi mbụ turu ime dị ka ihe na-omimi ọgwụgwọ nke dum na-arụ ọrụ, na dochie ya a obi ụtọ yiri obere na-atụghị anya.

Nkenke content balet

Ụzọ mee. Scene One

On ogbo, a nnukwu ogige, green ochie osisi. Nọ n'ebe dị anya bụ nnukwu ụlọ nke na-achị achị adaeze ndụ. Na ahịhịa n'etiti osisi Mbipụta Zigfrid na a ndị enyi na-eme ememe toro. Na-eto eto mere ka iko nke manya-vine, na-aṅụ na ahụ ike nke enyi ya, ọṅụ brims n'elu, onye ọ bụla chọrọ ịgba egwu. Imporant ome ochi gbagidere egwú. Na mberede, n'ime ogige e nwere nne nke Siegfried, Ọkaakaa adaeze. Onye ọ bụla na-agbalị iji kpuchie revels, ma buffoon n'amaghị ama akpasu iwe iko. Princess iwe frowns, ọ dị njikere tuo ha iwe. Mgbe ahụ, o gosiri a bouquet nke Roses, na austerity na-ịrọ arọ. Princess amama na-ejegharị pụọ, na ọṅụ gbawara ọhụrụ ike. Mgbe ọchịchịrị na-abịa, ndị ọbịa achụsakwa. Siegfried na-anọgide naanị, ma ọ chọrọ ịga n'ụlọ. High nke elu-igwe ijiji a ìgwè ewu na atụrụ nke swans. Prince-ewe a crossbow na zigara ichu nta.

Scene Abụọ

Oké ọhịa. N'etiti bushes ụgha a nnukwu ọdọ mmiri. Sere n'elu na mmiri n'elu ọcha swans. Ha mmegharị bụ ezigbo onye na ọbụna, ma chere ụfọdụ aghụghọ nchegbu. Birds na-adọwa, dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na ihe disrupts ha udo. Nke a enchanted girl, dị nnọọ n'etiti abalị, ha ga-enwe ike n'ụdị mmadụ. Ọjọ dibịa afa Rothbart, ọdọ mmiri usu okpon akan na-enweghị enyemaka beauties. Na n'ikpere mmiri na-egosi Siegfried na crossbow na aka, kpebiri ichu nta. Ọ na-aga na agba otu akụ n'ime a na-acha ọcha ọbọgwụ mmiri. Ọzọ oge, na akụ eduat ezi nnụnụ ọnwụ. Ma na mberede na ọbọgwụ mmiri amama n'ime a girl nke ineffable mma na amara. Nke a bụ ọbọgwụ mmiri queen Odette. Siegfried mmasị, ọ Ahụtụbeghị a mara mma ihu. Prince-agba mbọ na matakwuo na ndị mara mma, ma, ọ gbanahụrụ ha. Mgbe ọtụtụ ọma mgbalị, Siegfried okụt Odette na-agba egwú girlfriends na-ekwupụta na ya hụrụ ya. Prince okwu metụrụ obi a girl, ọ na-enwe olileanya na-ahụ na ya onye nzọpụta nke ike Rothbart. N'oge na-adịghị ga-chi ọbụbọ, na niile beauties mbụ ụzarị anyanwụ ọzọ ghọọ nnụnụ. Odette nwayọọ nọdụ nke ọma Siegfried, na mmiri n'elu nwayọọ nwayọọ igwu mmiri swans. N'etiti ndị na-anọgide innuendo, ma ha aghaghị ịhapụ n'ihi ihe ọjọọ dibịa afa Rothbart na-anya nlekota ihe na-eme, na ọ ga-ekwe ka onye ọ bụla ga-agbanahụ ya anwansi. Enweghị isịneke, ụmụ agbọghọ nile ga-abụ a nnụnụ na-anọgide enchanted ruo n'uhuruchi. Siegfried na-anọgide anya, ka ọ ghara ekpughe ndị ize ndụ nke na-acha ọcha swans.

Act II. atọ picture

Nnukwu ụlọ na-achị adaeze bọl. Otu n'ime ndị gara ọtụtụ elu-mụrụ ụmụ agbọghọ, otu onye n'ime ha ga-họọrọ otu n'ime Siegfried. Otú ọ dị, onye-isi ọ dịghị onye-asọpụrụ ha ntị. Na uche ya Odette. Ka ọ dịgodị, Siegfried nne mbọ wetara ya otu n'ime ndị kasị amasị ya, ma o nweghị isi. Otú ọ dị, dị ka iwu oru, onye-isi na iwu ji ya eme ka a nhọrọ na-enye onye m hụrụ n'anya mara mma ùkwù okooko osisi. Mere oké ngosi, ezikwa mbata nke ọhụrụ ọbịa. Ihe ọjọ dibịa afa Rothbart. Esote ya dibịa afa ada, Odile. Ọ, dị ka abụọ peas na a pod, yiri Odette. Rothbart olileanya na Prince ga-mmasị site na nwa-ya nwayi, na-echefu Odette, na ọ ga-enwe mgbe nile na ebere nke na-enweghị obiọma ọkachamara mmalite.

Odile ejisie ịrata Siegfried, ọ na-dọtara ya. Prince n'ọnu nne ya na ya oke - Odile, na ghọtara ozugbo na-eji nwayọọ ịhụnanya na girl. Mberede Siegfried na-ahụ window a mara mma na-acha ọcha ọbọgwụ mmiri, ọ na-achụpụ anya spells na agba ka ọdọ, ma akaha - Odette furu efu ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, ọ gwụrụ, gburugburu kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi enyi, swans, ma ha na-enweghị ike aka.

Nke atọ omume. anọ picture

Deep jụụ n'abalị. On n'ikpere mmiri na-drooping girl. Ha maara banyere mwute ahụ dakwasịrị Odette. Otú ọ dị, ihe niile na-adịghị efu - Siegfried ntụrụndụ na ya n'ala na-arịọ mgbaghara mmasị. Na mgbe ahụ, ọ na-efe a ìgwè ewu na atụrụ nke nwa swans, edu a dibịa afa Rothbart. Siegfried ọgụ na ya na-enweta nkwanye, fractures ọjọ wizard nku. Black Swan nwụrụ, na na anwansi kpamkpam na ya. Ọwụwa anyanwụ ghọtakwuo Odette, Siegfried na ite egwú ụmụ agbọghọ, nke ga-enweghị ghọọ swans.

Nyocha nke balet "Swan Lake"

N'ihi na ihe karịrị 130 afọ akụkọ ihe mere nke kpara arụmọrụ ahazi, nkiri oru, ndị nnọchiteanya nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri Directorate nweghị ike icheta otu ọjọọ omume na Moscow. Ekele ege ntị na obere unanimity akara magburu onwe-agba egwú na Usoro soloists na agha de balet, music. Performance nke "Swan Lake", nke reviews ụtọ, mgbe niile emelitere. nka ọgbọ ugboro gbanwere, ọtụtụ na-aba na na anyị, na balet ndụ, na-abịa a ọhụrụ na-eto eto talent na-anọgide na omenala nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Anya n'ụzọ zuru okè azaghachi onye ọ bụla Nwa. Enweghị atụ masterpiece nke art of balet, "Swan Lake", reviews nke nke bụ ihe na-ike maka n'ihu mmepe, ndụ nke na-ga-adị ndụ.

Rudolf Nureyev

Starring na play "Swan Lake" rụrụ ọtụtụ nkà dancers. Otú ọ dị, ndị ezigbo ụjọ na-emepụta na 1964 na ogbo nke na Vienna State Opera British Ballerina Margot Fonteyn (Odette) na Rudolf Nureyev (Siegfried). Mgbe ákwà mgbochi dara, ndị na-ese ihe na-akpọ na "encore" iri-na-ugboro itoolu.

"Swan Lake", Nureyev Rudolf, Fonteyn Margo - nkebi okwu a dịwo anya na ntị ma ghara ịgbada peeji nke ụwa pịa.

A masterpiece nke art of balet taa

Ugbu a, ndị kpara balet na-aga na abụọ isi nkiri venues na Russia - na Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri na-eme ihe nkiri "Russian Ballet" na St. Petersburg. "Swan Lake"-adị taa na ọtụtụ nsụgharị, ọ bụla nke nwere ikike ndụ. Mgbe Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri mmepụta dabeere na ama choreographer Yuri Grigorovich. The mbụ version nke play na a mwute ogwugwu e kere site ya na 1969. Otú ọ dị, Ministry of Culture nke USSR ama consented ọnwụ nke Odette na Siegfried. Grigorovich dị mkpa ịgbanwe Nwa nke a "obi ụtọ." The ọhụrụ nkọwa nke play dị na olu nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri ruo 1997. Mgbe a ezumike ke 2001, Grigorovich emepụta ọzọ version, a mkpumkpu, esịnede abụọ omume, ma si otú ọ na-alaghachi balet mwute ọgwụgwụ. Taa ịgụ "Swan Lake" haziri site Yuri Grigorovich - a ngwa ngwa edinam na Nsonye rifọrọ nke choreography Mariusa Petipa, Lva Ivanova na Gorsky.

The mma na play dị oke ọnụ, na-akwanyere ùgwù okomoko, ma "Swan Lake" bụ maa kwesịrị ya. Nkedo nke kpakpando performers nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri: Maria Alexandrova, Svetlana Zakharova, Nikolai Tsiskaridze, Sergei Filin, Andrei Uvarov.

"Swan Lake" - a egwuregwu na ikpo nke balet ndị kasị elu larịị, ọ ga-izute chọrọ nke oge a ọha. Ya mere, management na-agaghịkwa na-ewere a na-eri, arụmọrụ ọkọkpọhi dị ka ukwuu ego dị ka gị mkpa.

Modern mmepụta akpọ "Swan Lake" (photos nke onye iberibe na-ọkọnọ na page) bụ dịtụ iche kpochapụwo nsụgharị nke gara aga, ma na a ezi ụzọ. Maestro Petipa choreography ugbu a na niile nsụgharị.

"Swan Lake" balet, nkiri, elu art - okwu ndị a niile na-e si a na-ebutekarị, nke a na-akpọ "The Great Russian omenala."