Ussuri idobere: State Nature Reserve na Primorsky Krai

Ussuri Nature Reserve na Primorye Territory nke na-eme ọtụtụ ọrụ chekwaa mba eke akụ na ụba. Ọbịa nwere ohere ahụ niile na ịma mma nke ndị a ebe. Ha na-nyere ohere na-eje ije n'okporo obibi ụzọ. A gara obodo ngosi nka nke okike, ị ghọọ ihe maara na ihe ndị mere ndị bi na idobere.

kere eke

Na 1913, ọkà Komarov bịara ebe a iji mụtakwuo ihe banyere obodo ahịhịa. Ma ike na ókèala ndị na-echebe ebe bụghị ìhè ozugbo, ma naanị na 1932. Nke a nyere aka USSR. Ókèala e n'okpuru pụrụ iche akara iji chebe ma chebe obere umu, nke ugbua na na oge nọ Red Book nke mba.

General ọmụma banyere idobere

The idobere na-ekpuchi ebe ndị Ussuri na Shkotovsky ebe. Ya ebe erukarị 40.432 hectare. E nwere ọdọ mmiri na Artemivka Komarovka osimiri. Otu n'ime akụ nke ebe ndị a na-liana deciduous ọhịa, nke ihe fọrọ nke n'anya n'ime Far East.

enyemaka

Ussuri Reserve dị iche iche ala-ugwu teren. Ụfọdụ ugwu n'elu nwere ike iru 700 mita, ma n'ozuzu na nkezi elu - 300-400 mita. Obodo nkume - bụ shale, sandstone, porous basalt, quartz porphyries. E nwekwara a diabase na andesite porphyry, nke ka elu a warara Watershed riiji. E nwere nkume nzu exits, na nke ha bụ a mara mma nkume massif maara dị ka Zmeinka n'akuku Ugwu nke idobere. Ọ bụ a n'ọgba, a uri aha "Ihi ụra Beauty".

Na ókèala e nwere ugwu-ọhịa ala ụdị dị iche iche na ike. Ọzọkwa, e nwere a sod-alluvial na alluvial aja aja ala ụdị ahụkarị nke osimiri ndagwurugwu.

ihu igwe

Reserve Ussuriysky akọ na Amur-Ussuri Ihu Igwe ebe, nke e ji a agafeghị oke mmiri udu ihu igwe e ji mara. Frost-free ụbọchị kwa afọ, e nwere ihe 105-120. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-wepụ nkezi kwa afọ okpomọkụ bụ 2,5 ^° C August na-ndị kacha bụrụ ezigbo ọnwa na nkezi akara nke 19.7 ^° C na January (coldest ọnwa) - -17.9 ^C. Ma ala zuru kacha bụ ofu na 60 ^C na -32 ° ^C maka dịkarịa ala otu afọ na nkezi 700-800 mm nke mmiri ozuzo na-ada, ma ọ dịghị eme akọrọ afọ (500 mm) na udu (1200 mm). The nkezi kwa afọ iru mmiri - 70-80%.

Ya mere, n'ozuzu, ihu igwe e ji: okpomọkụ okpomọkụ, udu mmiri, oyi - obere snow, moderately oké.

ahịhịa

Flora nke Ussuriisk mba ogige bụ nnọọ iche iche, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ banyere 98% nke ókèala ahụ a na-arụ site mbuaha coniferous na deciduous ọhịa. Ma, ebe a kasị nile coniferous-deciduous ọhịa (nke ngụkọta nke ebe 42%).

Reserve ọrụ ekenịmde a na-amụ na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke osisi n'etiti ha: mushrooms - karịa 1000, banyere 820 ụdị vaskụla, 250 mosses, banyere 200 ụdị nke algae, lichens ọtụtụ narị.

N'etiti ndị nkịtị ụdị osisi bụ ebe a Korean cedar (ya nkume pine), abies fir holophylla, odo birch, hornbeam serdtselistny, Manchurian ukpa, spruce ajanensis. Ọzọkwa adịkwaghị Linden Tacke, Linden Amur na Manchurian, elms na lobed ndagwurugwu, obere-leaved maple na ọzọ di iche iche.

Ke adianade do, Ussuri Nature Reserve bụ ọgaranya osisi, otu nke bụ: honey suckle, spirea, hazel Manchu, ezi-na-leaved mock oroma, Siberia Ginseng. Site liana gụnyere Chinese magnolia vine, Actinidia Kolomikta na Argut, Amur grape.

Na ókèala na-eto eto ọtụtụ herbs. N'ime ndị a, ndị kasị ugboro ugboro dị iche iche nke Dryopteris, sedges, horsetails, athyrium, oxalis, ruu na ndị ọzọ.

Ma isi uru bụ osisi e depụtara na Red Book. Ndị a gụnyere yew, Ginseng n'ezie, Prinsep Chinese junipa siri ike, kalopanax semilopastny na Pinus densiflora.

Ussuri idobere: ụmụ anụmanụ na nnụnụ

Ebe ọ bụ na ebe bụ kpam kpam n'okpuru cover nke oké ọhịa, ya kere ndị magburu onwe ọnọdụ ọtụtụ ndụ e kere eke. Na n'ebe ndị a, anyị hụrụ ndo ụmụ anụmanụ na-ahụkarị nke woodland. Ya mere, ndị Ussuri Nature Reserve-echebe ya n'obí 62 umu mammals, n'elu 160 ụdị nnụnụ, 7 - nākpu akpu, 6 - amphibians, 12 - azụ na cyclostomes. E nwere ọtụtụ nke invertebrates, otu nke 32 na umu-na Red Book. Na idobere i nwere ike ịhụ ndị kasị ibu ebe nke mba - na relic barbel. Ọzọkwa, e na-efe efe nnukwu urukurubụba - hvostonosets Maak, brameya Tankre Saturn Artemis.

The idobere bụ n'ụlọ ka ọtụtụ badgers, ọhịa boars, squirrels, red voles, na ogidi, red mgbada. N'etiti nnụnụ nwere ike na-akpọ woodpecker (Agadi na-acha ọcha-kụziri), oatmeal (na odo-isi-awọ), grouse, gaichek nnụnnụ tit-acha ọcha-bellied na nwa-aga. Ma, ọ bụ uru arịba ama na osimiri na-adịkwaghị ufe ebe a.

Nzube nke idobere bụ iji chebe obere umu si ikpochapu, otú e nwere ọtụtụ nke ndụ nke ndị e depụtara na Red Book. N'etiti nnụnụ iko dị otú ahụ egbe egbe, asụsụ Mandarin, iglonogaya kporo, Crested Honey egbe, Black Ụgbala na ndị ọzọ. E wezụga nnụnụ e nwere ndị dị otú ahụ ụmụ anụmanụ dị ka n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ ọhịa cat, Asian ụlọ shrew, Himalaya black bear, agụ owuru vostochnosibirsky, turu ntupọ mgbada na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, nke na-echebe ndị Ussuri Nature Reserve. The Amur tiger bụkwa ekele biri n'ebe a bụ ike na-amụba bi na ya.

The idobere bụ n'ụlọ ka obere invertebrates, n'ihi na ihe atụ, bụ a ukpana Uvarova na warara-chested n'ala ebe.

N'ime idobere bụ a center maka muta nke mgbei bear umu, nke na-emepụta na afọ.

Ozi maka ọbịa idobere

Ndị chọrọ ileta ndị a dị ịtụnanya ebe, kwesịrị ịma na e nwere ndị pụrụ iche ụzọ gasị na-iji mma inyocha ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi. Ná ngwụsị nke njem, e na-elele nyiwe na-anọ n'oké ọhịa. Na obi nke idobere ga ụlọ ebe o biri Komarov na nso - ya ebe olili. Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime akpali ihe bụ Zmeinka ugwu abaitiat, otu onye nke na ị pụrụ ịhụ na-akpali enyemaka oyiyi mere n'oge ochie.