Volga Federal District: mejupụtara, ebe, na mpaghara

Nlekọta Russian kewara bụghị nanị na obodo kwụụrụ, n'ókèala ha, na mpaghara na mba, ma na-na gọọmenti etiti distrikti (FD). A ngụkọta nke 7. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-arụtụ aka na Volga Federal District. Gịnị bụ kpọmkwem nke ndị dị otú territorial nkeji? Gịnị bụ dị iche iche site na ndị ọzọ na mpaghara nke Volga Federal District? Njirimara ya aku na uba, na size na atụmatụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmepe nke obodo a ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

Gịnị bụ Federal District

Volga Federal District - ndutịm unit nke Russia, guzobere n'ihi nke mgbanwe nke mba territorial Ọdịdị, ekenịmde ke akpa 2000s. Na N'ezie nke mgbanwe e guzobere 7 gọọmenti etiti distrikti (FD), a ọhụrụ ọnọdụ - na plenipotentiary nnọchiteanya nke isi nke ala nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a territorial entities. Ọ na-kweere na a mgbanwe e bu n'obi iji hụ a elu mma nke akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mwekota nke n'ógbè ndị Russia. Gbanwee a kpọkwasịwo a oge nke guzobere ọhụrụ, dị iche iche si Soviet ụkpụrụ nke ndutịm, federalism nlereanya.

The ala, dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara kweere, ike omume na-ekpebi: inye mpaghara ọzọ nnwere onwe na-iwete n'etiti management na Moscow. N'ihi ya, anyị na-emepụta a ikwere: nwere kpebiri ike ọzọ ndutịm owuwu n'etiti isi obodo na-achị nke gọọmenti. Ọ tụgharịrị na na mpaghara, na otu aka, nnọọ onwe ha, na ndị ọzọ na - na ụgwọ ime na ọdịmma nke ndị agbata obi na-achị nke etiti, na nke di na otu district.

Nnyocha nke usoro gọọmenti etiti distrikti

The Russian ọkachamara Atmosphere echiche banyere ezughị okè nke management territorial nkeji, nke na-administratively kewara Russia. Volga Federal District - sokwa. Ọtụtụ mgbe ihe ndị a nke na-ele owụt ke akpa 2000s, ná mmalite afọ mgbe na-asị usoro ẹkenam site president. One of arụmụka nke na-akatọ - a ndiiche nke a ụzọ, ndị President nke n'usoro ochichi norms. Karịsịa, na isi iwu nke mba ahụ kwuru na mkpebi idozigharị ndutịm-territorial usoro nke Russia nwere ike na-dabere na gọọmenti etiti iwu, ma ọ bụghị president iwu. Ezie na district e dị ka oge site president iwu. Isi ihe ọzọ nke ntị ka nnyocha - President nnọchiteanya ọrụ gọọmenti etiti distrikti. Oruru, ha kwere na ọ dighi okwu na otú ike nke isi nke ala nwere ike ghọọ plenipotentiaries ọrụ na ajụjụ.

Gbanwee ndị Ministry nke esịtidem Affairs nke gọọmenti etiti distrikti

Na May 2014, Russian President ka rụrụ a ele mmadụ anya n'ihu mgbanwe nke usoro nke ọchịchị n'ime gọọmenti etiti distrikti. Ọ metu owuwu nke Ministry nke esịtidem Affairs nke Russia. Na Federal District ndị bụ isi management (Su) nke Interior Ministry. Ọchịchị kpebiri iji belata ndị a ọnọdụ dị ka a n'ihi nke ọzọ ọchịchị mkpebi ka karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọrụ nke Interior Ministry, onye ọrụ a kwụrụ ụgwọ si kwuo mmefu ego - 1 nde 113 puku 172 ndị mmadụ .. N'ihi ya, isiokwu na-ekpochapụ nke Ministry na Federal District (ewepu na Research Affairs nke Russian Federation na North Kọkeshịan Federal District). Main Department esịtidem Affairs na Volga Federal District, nakwa dị ka yiri owuwu na Far East, Siberia, na Urals, na Center, South na North-West Russia na-kagburu. Ndị ọrụ nke a ngalaba e ewepụtara mkpara na aghaghị igosipụta re-nwale, na ihe nke ga-ekpebi na ha ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-arụ ọrụ.

territorial Ọdịdị

Gịnị dị ịrịba ama Volga Federal District? Mbụ, ndị kasị ibu mara ụmụ mmadụ niile. Ọtụtụ nnukwu obodo nke Volga Federal District: ịma mma, Samara, Kazan ebube, kpara Nizhniy Novgorod, Perm na Ufa-ele ọbịa. Ke adianade do, a zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke gọọmenti etiti achị iche iche na ụdị na ya mejupụtara. Anyị depụta isi. Ebe nke Volga Federal District - a Kirov, Orenburg, Samara, Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Saratov na Ulyanovsk. Dị ka akụkụ nke district e nwere 6 mba mba: Bashkortostan (isi obodo - Ufa), Mordovia (ndutịm center - Saransk), Tatarstan (isi obodo - Kazan), Mari El (isi obodo nke Republic - Yoshkar-ola), Udmurtia na Chuvashia (ebe isi obodo - Izhevsk na Cheboksary karị). The Volga Federal District emi esịnede ka Perm.

na aku na uba

Volga Federal District, nke na-etolite akụkụ nke ụfọdụ megacities, na akụ-ọgaranya na mpaghara, bụ onye ndú ndị ọzọ District na okwu nke ulo oru mmepụta, ọbụna n'ihu Central, ebe Moscow. Main ndi - igwe ụlọ, mmanụ ụgbọala na ume mgbagwoju. Ndú na ndị ụlọ ọrụ - Kirov mpaghara, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Mordovia.

A ịrịba òkè nke aku na uba nke district na-emekwa ụfọdụ na oru ugbo (karịsịa Tatarstan, Nizhny Novgorod mpaghara, na Perm region). ìhè ụlọ ọrụ (Mari El, Penza mpaghara) na-ọma mepụtara. Economy District, dị ka ụfọdụ financiers, na-eme na mpaghara otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mma maka investors.

Rivers na ọdọ mmiri

The Volga Federal District dị na efere nke kasị European osimiri - na Volga. Ọ na-amalite na Valdai na a obere iyi, na aga n'ime Caspian Sea. Ogologo nke osimiri - karịrị 3.5 puku. Km. Volga catchment ebe - karịrị 1.6 nde sq. km.

Na Volga Federal District e nwere ọtụtụ nke ọdọ mmiri, ha na akaụntụ na-aga na iri puku kwuru iri puku. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na Tatarstan (banyere 8 puku.), Bashkortostan (2 puku.), Na Chuvash Republic (750), dị ka otu puku na - na Kirov mpaghara, 689-emi odude ke Republic of Mari El.

Kazan

N'ógbè nke Volga Federal District bụ nnọọ mbụ. Kazan - otu n'ime isi njem nleta emmepe nke Russia, otu n'ime Russia kasị ama obodo na ụwa.

Year nke ntọala nke Kazan, dị ka n'ozuzu nabatara ihe mgbe ochie na-egosi - 1005 nke. City pụta dị ka a wusiri ike nke Volga Bulgaria. N'ihi na oge mbụ na Russian emere n'ubọchi kwuru Kazan na 1177. The obodo ghọọ otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu azụmahịa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ógbè ndị Golden Horde. Na 1438 o nwetara ọnọdụ nke isi obodo nke Kazan Khanate. Na 1552 nke obodo meriri ndị agha Ivana Groznogo na weghaara na Russia. Na 1708 ọ ghọrọ isi obodo nke Kazan n'ógbè.

Taa, a na obodo - otu n'ime isi ihe maka Russian aku na uba, ndị a ma ama ethno-omenala center. The mba ọdụ ejikọ obodo na ọtụtụ localities na Russia na mba ndị ọzọ. Na Kazan, e nwere fọrọ nke nta niile iche nke ọha iga, gụnyere Metro. The obodo karịrị 100 mba. Official asụsụ ebe a - Russian na Tatar.

Kirov

Kirov - a obodo na a nnọọ elu entrepreneurial ọrụ. Dị ka mgbawa nke Institute of System Studies Enterprise Issues na 2012 Kirov region aghọwo a ndú na a dịgasị iche iche nke na-egosi. Karịsịa, na mpaghara họọrọ mbụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke obere ulo oru kwa 100 puku bi ndị -. Ka 220 nkeji. Kirov region họọrọ mbụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ na obere ulo oru. Larịị nke ulo oru mbo ke isi obodo nke obere ulo oru kwa n'isi n'isi bụ karịa ugboro abụọ elu karịa Russian nkezi (ọzọ - na na na Penza region).

Kirov obodo ọtụtụ narị afọ. Year nke ntọala ya - na 1181-nke. Ruo mgbe 1457 ọ maara dị ka Vyatka na 1781-nke - otú Khlynov. The oge a aha obodo natara na 1934. Na Soviet ugboro, Kirov e weere ọkara mechiri emechi mmezi nke ukwuu nke ụlọ ọrụ dị na ya na-azara ọnụ oru. Ma obodo bụ na-emeghe ka ndị ọbịa si Russia na si mba ọzọ.

Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod - na obodo kacha ibu na Volga Federal District na otu n'ime ndị kasị ama na Russia. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala na 1221 site na Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. The Aha nke mbụ version bụ n'ihi ọnọdụ dị ala na-akwanyere Veliky Novgorod, na nke abụọ - na mmekọrita obodo ọzọ na otu aha dị elu karịa ndị Volga. N'oge Mongol-Tatar yoke na Russia, Nizhny Novgorod e bụghị kwa maara nke ọma. Ma mgbe ndị mwakpo a chụpụrụ nke Russian ala, ọ malitere ịzụlite ngwa ngwa, mgbe mgbe, na-eme ememe na ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ kwere na n'oge na ịdị adị nke Nizhny Novgorod ihe gbasara onye isi (na 1341-1392 afọ) obodo nwere ike iru eru maka ọnọdụ nke Russian isi obodo, dị ka ọ bụ ike mpi na Moscow na Tver. Na 1612 mgbidi ndị Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin mmalite nke ije nke agha, edu Minin na Pozharsky, nke tọhapụrụ mba anyị si Polish-Lithuanian mwakpo. Na 1722, ya iri ise ncheta ke Nizhny Novgorod ememe Emperor Peter Ukwu ahụ. Ebe a biri Russian amamihe Kulibin, Lobachevsky, Damascus, Kuzhelev nkụzi, bụ ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere Ilyinsky njem Baranschikov. City gara A. S. Pushkin. Ya amụta si n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche na iconic ebe Nizhny Novgorod, ọ kọwara "Evgeniya Onegina" isi. Si 30s ruo mgbe ida nke USSR obodo ahụ aha ya bụ na nsọpụrụ nke onye dere A. M. Gorkogo. Ugbu a Nizhny Novgorod - onye nke ulo oru emmepe nke Russia. Kpara akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala nketa-eme ka ọ na-ewu ewu njem nleta na-aga ma na-npako nke Nizhny Novgorod onwe ha.

Volzhsky football ụyọkọ

Volga Federal District, ndị mejupụtara nke na-kpụrụ otu n'ime ndị kasị aku na uba mepụtara n'ógbè Russia ga-nọrọ n'ụlọ ya FIFA World Cup ga-enwe na 2018 na Russia. Ọtụtụ obodo FD ga-aghọ akụkụ nke na-akpọ Volga Ụyọkọ - a conglomerate nke niile, nke ga-wuru stadiums maka ọkụ nke egwuregwu.

N'etiti obodo ndị a Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Kazan na Saransk. Na ọtụtụ n'ime ha football akụrụngwa wughachi site ọkọ. Volga Federal District na obodo si otú a mara bụghị naanị na Russia ma n'ụwa nile. Ọ na-anọgide na-ọkọbọpde ke a ebube ámá egwuregwu na mmalite nke mpi.