Writer Lorens Darrell: A Biography na-arụ ọrụ

Isiokwu a ga-ewepụtara na a ma ama na English dere, dị ka Lorens Darrell. Taa, ọ na-ghọtara dị ka a classic narị afọ nke 20. O siri ike iche n'echiche, ma n'oge ya ọrụ na-akatọ kama àgwà ọjọọ ka ọrụ ya. Darrell ebubo ndiọi eṅomi na verbiage, na odide na-akpọ articulated na-apụghị ikwere na. Ọtụtụ afọ gafere, na oge na-akọwa ihe niile, taa na e nweghị obi abụọ na-ede akwụkwọ onyinye nke onye dere.

Lorens Darrell: A Biography

Lorens Dzhordzh Durrell a mụrụ February 27, 1912 ke edere edere India na a obere obodo a na-akpọ Dzhallandhar dị nso Tibet. Mụrụ ya, ndị Irish nne Luiza Florens Dixie na England nna Lourens Samyuel Durrell, bụ, oddly ezu, na-asụ asụsụ ala nke India. Ndị dị otú ahụ a ngwakọta nke dị iche iche ná mba mmetụta dị ukwuu guzobe nke onye dere ya, na mgbe e mesịrị na ọrụ ya. Darrell onwe ya kweere na ya nwere "Tibetan echiche."

Maruuru England

Mere ihe dị nta Darrell biri mgbe ọ dị afọ 11. Ọ bụ n'oge a e zigara ya England na a ụgbọ mmiri ka o nwee ike na-enweta a zuru-akụziri. Historical n'ala nna-emepụta a na ụma mwute na gbarụọ echiche. Lifestyle obodo kpọrọ ya "English ọnwụ." Mgbe fọdụrụ kpamkpam ọbịa na English si ebi ndụ, Darrell emeghị imeghari ka ọhụrụ ọnọdụ, ihe niile ndị agha na-eguzogide usoro ndụ nke akwụkwọ. The N'ihi nke a na-eguzogide bụ eziokwu na ọ na-emeghị ruo n'ọnụ ụzọ udomo oro na mahadum.

Ọ na-adịghị iwe iwe Darrell, n'ihi na site na nke a oge o mere mkpebi, nke ghọrọ egbu - o kpebiri ime ka a ọrụ dị ka onye edemede. Na mbụ, o nwere nsogbu na definition nke ha onwe ha style ma na prose na uri, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na onye dere kpebiri onwe m ajụjụ ahụ.

mbụ n'akwụkwọ

Na 1931, ọdịnihu edemede a kpaliri London. N'ihi na oge mbụ na 1932, a na-ebipụta site Lorens Darrell (uri collection "ochie iberibe"). Mgbe ahụ na 1933, a na-ebipụta na-ede akwụkwọ parody Shaw "Bromo Bombastus". Nke a na-arụ ọrụ nke Lawrence nyere n'okpuru otu nke ya aliases - Geffer Pisleyk.

Na 1935, Darrell natara si Greek ebipụta a ọkpụrụkpụ ego, kwagara Corfu, ebe ha na filmed ụlọ. E Darrell invents onwe ya aha ọzọ - Charles Norden. N'okpuru a aha a na-ebipụta na mbụ "Pied ọjà ịhụnanya" romance dere, ebipụta "Cassel".

Mkpebi ndị dị mkpa (1935)

N'afọ a, e nwere ihe abụọ dị ịrịba maka onye dere, bụ onye na-enwe mmetụta ya ọrụ. Firstly, Lorens Darrell enyikde nne ya na nwunye ya Nancy na-akpali ya Corfu (Greece). Ọ rụrụ ụka eziokwu na otú ha nwere ike ịzọpụta a nta na-azọpụta onwe gị si English oyi. The nnọọ ndụ na Greece aghọwo a ezigbo echiche ruo Darrell - na ọ ghọtara na ya njikọ na India gbawara. N'ebe a, o na-eme ka ihe ndepụta nke akwụkwọ, nke ga-atụgharị n'ime a usoro nke "Alexandria Quartet" n'ọdịnihu.

Nke abụọ, m na-agụ Lawrence nchụàjà "Tropic nke Cancer" Genri Millera, wee dee akwụkwọ ozi dị ka na-ede akwụkwọ. Nke a bụ mmalite nke a ezigbo enyi, nke e kere afọ 45. Miller na Darrell mgbe kwekọrọ. Ha jikọtara a ịhụnanya nke akwụkwọ na amara nke Far East. Miller ozugbo ji edemede talent nke a ọhụrụ enyi na-adị na-akwado ya mgbe nnyocha kwupụtara sharply na ọhụrụ ọrụ nke Darrell.

ọrụ odide

Na 1936, o bipụtara abụọ isi ọrụ nke onye dere Panic Spring. Nke a aha ike-sụgharịa Russian, dị ka ya ndabere a play na okwu - nkebi okwu a na-ezo aka ma spring agbapụ àkụ mee na egwu (ewepụtara aha Pan, Grik chi) ke ini utọ.

Ke ukem a akwụkwọ Lorens Darrell arụ ọrụ na ya mbụ "oké njọ" na-arụ ọrụ na a na-akpọ "Black Book." The akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 1938 ke kpuchie nke "Villa Seurat Series", na mgbe ahụ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ụlọ "Obelisk Press", nke nwere a scandalous aha. The n'akwụkwọ e mere na o kwere omume na-enyemaka nke Mr. Miller.

World War II

Lorens Darrell - dere onye, dị ka ọtụtụ, na-aga site na nke abụọ World War.

Na 1939, ọ banyere ozi na otu n'ime Greek ụlọ akwụkwọ, nke na-na mkpọrọ nke British Council, ihe English nkụzi. Otú ọ dị, ya na ozizi ya ọrụ ahụ were ogologo. Ugbua na 1941, dị nnọọ n'ihu ndị Germany jide Corfu Durrell ezinụlọ manyere ikewa. The nne were obere abụọ ụmụ Gerald Leslie (nke e mechara ghọrọ a so dee) e zigara England. Margot, nwanne Lawrence, mbụ ga-esi nọrọ na Corfu, ma e mesịrị anapụ onye nke British-akwọ ụgbọelu, bụ onye mesịrị ghọọ di ya. Lawrence onwe-ya na nwunye ya na afọ nwa Penelope gaa Crete, na mgbe ahụ na-agba ọsọ ka Cairo.

Ugbua na Cairo emebi mmekọahụ ya na nwunye ya, na Darrell na 1942, zigara Alexandria, ebe o zutere na Evoy Koen, nke ga-prototype nke "Justine" n'akwụkwọ ahụ isi agwa. Na Alexandria, Lawrence a họpụtara ọnụ na-ekwuru nke British Ozi Service. Na nke ka nke na-eje ozi na onye dere sere ihe o nwere ike na-edebe ihe ndị mmetụta, echiche na àgwà na ike inye ịrị elu na a agha Alexandria, na-eje ozi dị ka a nzute n'ókè nke East na West.

The agha afọ

Ke ufọt ufọt 1945 Lorens Darrell (photos nwere ike hụrụ na onye dere isiokwu a) laghachi Greece, a tọhapụrụ, ọ si, nke "otu onye Ijipt na n'ụlọ mkpọrọ." Ya mbụ nkwụsị aghọ Rhodes, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ abụọ ka Director of Public Relations. Mgbe ahụ, na 1947, Darrell gara Argentina ka Cordoba n'obodo na-ebe nke director nke British Institute.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1949, a so dee bi na Belgrade (Yugoslavia), na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a pịa attaché na British Embassy. Na 1952, ọ hapụrụ a ọnọdụ na kwagara Cyprus, ebe ọ na-ezube na-etinye ya nile oge ka ọmụmụ akwụkwọ. Iji dị ndụ na nke a, ọ na-akpata a ndụ na-akụziri English. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a afọ na Cyprus bilitere agha di n'etiti Turks, onye chọrọ nnwere onwe, ndị Gris bụ ndị chọrọ ijikọ mba Greece, na Britain, bụ ndị chọrọ ịnọgide na-niile agwaetiti n'okpuru ya akara. N'oge a, Darrell ekpe ezi ihe ma na-arụ ọrụ Nicosia ojii na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọhaneze. The ihe ndị a ọdachi afọ na-egosi na akwụkwọ dere "Ihe Ilu lemons," bipụtara na 1957.

isi ọrụ

More on Cyprus edemede malitere ọrụ na akwụkwọ "Justine", nke bụ akụkụ mbụ nke "Alexandria Quartet". Dechara okirikiri bụ na 1956, akwụkwọ akụkọ bipụtara n'agbata 1957 na 1961. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ bụ oké ihe ịga nke ọma ọ bụghị naanị otu na-agụ akwụkwọ, ma na-akatọ.

Ụdi afọ, Darrell dere abụọ ọzọ cycles, "Avignon Quintet" na "Bilie nke Aphrodite." Otú ọ dị, onye ọ bụla nke ndị a na ngwaahịa nwere ndị dị otú ịga nke ọma dị ka "Quartet". Ahapụghị m onye edemede na uri, na 1980, o bipụtara a collection of ya poems, a na-akpọ Anakọtara Poems.

Personal ndụ

Anọ lụrụ di na nwunye Lorens Darrell. The edemede bụ onye ndụ onwe onye dị ka kemmeeme dị ka a ọrụ.

Nwunye ya mbụ bụ Nensi Mayers. The kpọmkwem afọ alụmdi na nwunye ha na-enweghị ebe kwuru, ma anyị maara na na 1935, ha bụ ndị di na nwunye. Na 1940, di na nwunye nwere a nwa, Penelope. Otú ọ dị, mgbe 2 afọ Darrell gbubiri niile mmekọahụ ya na nwunye ya wee gaa Alexandria. Nancy, n'aka, na a nta Penelope gara Jerusalem.

Na Alexandria, onye dere osobo Eva nchụàjà, ha na iba na ihe omume. Darrell n'ebe nile na-ewe nwa agbọghọ na ya dị ka ya onwe onye odeakwụkwọ. N'agbanyeghị mmekọrịta chiri anya na, Lawrence alụkwaghịm Nancy na 1946, na a afọ mgbe e mesịrị lụọ nwunye Eve. Na 1950, di na nwunye nwere a nwa-nwayi, kpọ Sappho.

Eva arịa a echiche-aghasa, ma na 1951, ọnọdụ ya njọ. Na 1953, a nwaanyị na-aga na a n'ahụ. Na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti onye dere ya na nwunye ya njọ.

Na 1957, Darrell kwagara Provence na Claude Vansendon, ọhụrụ na nwunye. Ma na 1966, di na nwunye kwagara Somere ebe Lawrence ga-adị ndụ na ike nke ndụ ya. Claude ịchọpụta cancer, site na nke ọ nwụrụ na 1967 na Zurich ọgwụ.

Darrell lụgharịrị ke 1974 ka Zhislen De Boisson, nlereanya. Otú ọ dị, alụmdi na nwunye ha ruo ogologo oge, mgbe 5 afọ, di na nwunye a gbara alụkwaghịm.

Writer nwụrụ November 7, 1990 n'ụlọ ya na France.

Lorens Darrell: akpali eziokwu

N'ezie, ihe niile nke onye dere ndụ nwere ike na-akpọ na-akpali eziokwu - nnọọ ole na ole ndị mmadụ davilos dị ka njem na mgbanwe na ọrụ dị ka ọ na. Ka ọchịchọ ịmata bụ uzọ nke Darrell na mba anyị.

N'agbanyeghị ya nnukwu ewu ewu na Europe, Russian dere maara dị ka nwanne Gerald Durrell, n'okike dere.

Ọ bụkwa na-ede akwụkwọ nke ọtụtụ scripts maka fim Lorens Darrell, na-akpali eziokwu banyere nke anyị ugbu a N'eziokwu. Ke adianade do, ọ starred na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke eserese, na Henry Miller fim na "World na War", ọ na-egwuri onwe ya.

"The Alexandria Quartet"

Nke a bụ nke mbụ okirikiri nke onye dere. Ke adianade do, dị ka ndị nkatọ na, ọ bụ ihe kasị mma na mgbe dere Lorens Darrell. "Balthazar" - 2nd akwụkwọ ke nsonso bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ.

The otu okirikiri nke okwu banyere mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe, mmetụta na-adịghị eme ebere iwu nke ndụ. Ma ọ bụrụ na nke mbụ nchụàjà "Justine" bụ a akụkọ ịhụnanya, nke abụọ, "Balthazar", na-egosi na ihe ndị mere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na tutuntu mgbaasị. Anyị nwere ike ikwu na nke ọ bụla n'akwụkwọ a na-agbanwe agbanwe uzọ nke onye na-agụ, ekwe ka ị na-ahụ ihe na-eme n'akụkụ nke ọzọ.

Ọzọkwa ke nsonso na-agụnye akwụkwọ akụkọ "Mountolive", nke na-akọwa ihe ndị na nnọchite nke David Mountolive na "Clea", nke na-ọnọ ezi uche pụta niile na kọwawo na aga akwụkwọ nke usoro.