A. S. Pushkin, "The oze ịnyịnya": akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke uri

The uri "The oze ịnyịnya" - bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, omimi na mgbagwoju poems nke Pushkin. O dere n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1833 ke ọwọrọetop Boldin. Nke a bụ ebe na oge nyere ihe pụrụ iche mmụọ nsọ Aleksandru Sergeevichu. Echiche nke "The oze ịnyịnya" by Pushkin n'ụzọ doro anya gosiri ọrụ dere bụ ndị dịrị ndụ ihe mgbe e mesịrị, na-ewepụtara ha e kere eke na nke mbụ, nke bụ isiokwu nke St. Petersburg, na abuo, isiokwu nkukota nnukwu ebube echiche na ọdịmma nke ndị "obere mmadụ." Na uri e nwere abụọ megidere dike na irreconcilable esemokwu n'etiti ha.

"The oze ịnyịnya": akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke uri

Na uri, Pushkin rụsiri ọrụ ike wee wuchaa ya, ngwa ngwa - na dị nnọọ iri-na-ụbọchị ise nke October. N'oge a na-amị mkpụrụ oge nke creativity Alexander na-arụ ọrụ na "The Queen nke spades," o dere na prose na amaokwu nke akụkọ "Angelo". Ndị a organically kwesịrị ekwesị na pụtara "The oze ịnyịnya", akụkọ nke e kere eke nwere njikọ chiri anya ọ bụghị nanị na na ezi uche mkpali na ndekọ na oge, ma na-na akụkọ ifo na azụlitewo gburugburu oké mmadụ na obodo, mere site ya kasịnụ uche.

Nnyocha na arụmụka ndị uri

"Petersburg akụkọ", dị ka akwụkwọ na-akara ya genre, enyochakwa na Emperor Nicholas m, laghachi ihe odide na itoolu pensụl markings. Nkụda mmụọ site na-ede uri bipụtara ihe odide nke iwebata ka uri "The oze ịnyịnya" (akụkọ ihe mere eme nke uri akụkọ ekpuchi eziokwu a) na ọkà okwu efu na ebe Tsar akara. Mgbe e mesịrị, Pushkin ka rewrote n'ebe ndị a, ma nke mere na ọ pụtara agbakwunyere na ha adịghị agbanwe agbanwe. Ekweghiekwe, eze ukwu na-ekwe ná mbipụta nke uri "The oze ịnyịnya". The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngwaahịa na-ejikọta ya na a na-ekpo ọkụ eneni biiri ọkụ gburugburu uri mgbe ya issuance.

The ele ihe anya nke akwụkwọ

Esemokwu na-adịghị akwụsị n'oge a. Kemgbe ụwa, na-ekwurịta banyere atọ dị iche iche nke-akọwa uri. The mbụ gụnyere na-eme nnyocha na-ekwu na "ọha na eze" akụkụ, nke na-enwu uri "The oze ịnyịnya". Otu a nke edemede na-akatọ, edu Vissarion Belinsky tinye n'ihu ndị version na Pushkin si uri abụrụwo egbu maka nri ịrụ omume nke mba, na-achụ àjà na-ebute ọdịmma na ndụ n'onwe ya a dị mfe unobtrusive mmadụ.

ụmụ mmadụ na nkọwa

Representatives nke ọzọ otu, edu na-ede uri Valeriem Bryusovym, prọfesọ Makagonenko na ndị ọzọ na-ede akwụkwọ, na-enwe kwadoro ọzọ agwa - Eugene, na-azọrọ na ọnwụ ọbụna a nnọọ ntakịrị ke usoro nke mmadụ ike echiche ike-agu n'onye ezi omume site n'ịrụzu oké ihe. Nke a na-ele na-akpọ ụmụ mmadụ. Ọtụtụ ndị edemede na-akatọ na-kpọmkwem inwale nchụàjà "The oze ịnyịnya", akụkọ nke uri, ibé nke na-etinye a ọdachi nke "obere" onye na-ata ahụhụ si na ya pụta nke volitional mkpebi ike nkwenye.

ebighi esemokwu

Anọchitekwa anya nke-atọ ìgwè nke na-eme nnyocha kwuru na okwukwe usoro banyere ọdachi undecidability nke a ogu. Ha kweere na Pushkin nyere ihe ebumnobi picture nke akụkọ na "The oze ịnyịnya". Ma akụkọ ihe mere eme ya onwe ya emewo ka ikpe ebighị ebi agha dị n'etiti "ndị na-ewu nke ọrụ ebube" site Peter Ukwu na "ogbenye" Eugene - nkịtị bi n'obodo na ya obi umeala achọ na nrọ. Eziokwu abụọ - onye nkịtị na statesman - bụ nke hà, na ọ dịghị nke dị ala karịa ndị ọzọ.

The egwu ihe ndị mere abụ "The oze ịnyịnya"

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke abu, N'ezie, ike dabara n'ime omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ekwu nke oge mgbe ọ na e kere. Nke ahụ bụ oge na-na-arụ ụka banyere ebe nke onye na akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmetụta nke oké mgbanwe na akara aka nke mmadụ nkịtị. Nke a isiokwu a ụtọ Pushkin na njedebe nke 1820 na. Na-ewere akwụkwọ na-egosi nke iju mmiri nke mere na St. Petersburg November 7, 1824, na ihe ọ bụla e biri ebi akwụkwọ akụkọ, na-ghar-ede uri na thinker abịa isi na-elekọta mmadụ na nkà ihe ọmụma generalizations. Onye nke ukwuu, na-ghar ndozigharị ahụ Peter ka ha 'Russia na ya nne ele ụkwụ, "na-egosi na onodu nke onwe onye ọdachi nke a obere ukara Eugene na ya warara petty-bourgeois nrọ nke ya obere uba, ọ bụghị dị agaghị egbu oge oké na kwesịrị ịgụ egwu ugboro ugboro. The uri "The oze ịnyịnya" by Pushkin na Ya mere abụghị nanị na-eto odic mbanye, na-emeghe "window na Europe".

okpụhọde Petersburg

Northern Capital bilie n'ihi na a na ụma na-eme mkpebi nke Tsar Peter Ukwu mgbe ya mmeri Swedes. Ya isi a chọrọ ịmụta mmeri a, na-egosi na ike na ike nke Russia, na-na-na-emeghe ụzọ onwe omenala na ahia mgbanwe na mba Europe. The obodo na nke chere ịdị ukwuu nke mmụọ mmadụ, na-egosipụta na aka adabako ụkpụrụ ụlọ anya, na-ekwu okwu ihe atụ ọkpụkpụ na ncheta, bụ ndị anyị na akụkọ "The oze ọgba ịnyịnya." History nke St. Petersburg dabeere, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị nanị na ịdị ukwuu. Wuru na "apiti blat", nke tọrọ ọkpụkpụ puku amaghị aha na-ewu ụlọ, ndị obodo ya erikpuo na a Ajọ Onye na omimi ikuku. Emegbu ogbenye, elu enwe udu, na n'ọkwá nke ọrịa na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị gburu onwe - na nke ahụ bụ akụkụ nke ọzọ lush kpuwere isi obodo n'oge o dere banyere Alexander Pushkin. Abụọ ihu nke obodo, apụta site ibe, na-ewusi akụkọ ifo akụrụngwa nke uri. "Piel chi ojiji" chanwụrụ mepere emepe ọkụ emepụta bi mmetụta na ha bi na a ụdị omimi na ihe atụ ebe, nke nwere ike bịa ka ndụ, na a Ajọ Onye mkpebi siri ike ime ka ihe ncheta na awụ. Na nke a, kwa, ruo n'ókè dị ukwuu na-agụnye akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "The oze ọgba ịnyịnya." Pushkin, dị ka a na-ede uri, enweghị ike dị otú ahụ a mgbanwe, nke ghọọ njedebe nke ibé. Na nkà oghere ohere akwụkwọ ndụ bounding pavement oyi desert ọla oyiyi achụ uche gbasasịrị mgbe ọnwụ n'obi na daa niile na-atụ anya Eugene.

ntinye echiche

Ma tupu anyị na-anụ jijiji n'ụwa n'okpuru ụkwụ ígwè ịnyịnya, anyị ga-aga site na mwute na-eme ihe ike ihe bụ nke mere na ihe ọjọọ dabaara Yevgeny ndụ na ebubo oké na-ewu ụlọ nke eziokwu ahụ bụ na o tinye na obodo na ala ewekarị agbawa obi idei mmiri, dị ka nke ọma dị ka na-aghọta a na-egbuke egbuke na a magburu ntinye, nke ga-emepe uri "The oze ịnyịnya".

Pita guzo n'elu ájá nke a ọhịa osimiri, na nke mmiri na ebili mmiri mkpatụ na-emebi emebi ụgbọ mmiri, na gburugburu ụzụ oké ọchịchịrị ọhịa, ebe arapara anuri obi "Chukhontsev". Ma anya nke uche, nchoputa nke ugwu isi obodo ama na-ahụ "oké obodo", nke e elu "nganga" na "n'ụba" n'elu-clad ke konkiri Neva River, obodo ndị a na-eme n'ọdịnihu nke ọha ịga nke ọma na n'ịrụzu oké ihe. Pushkin ekwugh na aha nke Peter - eze ukwu ahụ e kwuru okwu iji nnọchiaha "o", na ọ na-emesi ngwọju-anya ọbụla odic entry Ọdịdị. Na-eche echiche banyere otú otu ụbọchị "site na ebe a" Russia ga-"ize Swede," a akwa onye ndú adịghị ahụ taa, "ndị Finnish angler" onye tụbara ndị mmiri "ochie" ha ụgbụ. The Emperor amalite ịhụ a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ebe ugbo ala na-eduzi ndị ọgaranya marinas si niile n'akụkụ nke ụwa, ma-adịghị ama ihe onye ọ bụla na-egwuru na a owu na-ama-eji ụgbọ epeepe na huddled na obere huts na osimiri. Ịmepụta a kwuo onye na-achị na-echefu banyere ndị ahụ ọ na-kere. Ma ọ bụ na-egbu mgbu ndiiche nourishes echiche nke uri "The oze ịnyịnya". Pushkin, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke a abụghị nnọọ a collection of archival akwụkwọ, ma a akwa, ẹsịn ke ugbu a na-eme n'ọdịnihu, karịsịa maara nnọọ na okwu anya egosi esemokwu.

Gịnị mere e ji ọla kọpa na-agba pụtara na ọnụ nke na-ede uri ọla kọpa?

The mgbe, nke N'ezie, ọ bụghị naanị na eziokwu na edemede nke narị afọ nke 19 na-ahụbeghị a ịrịba ọmụmụ gbasara asụsụ dị iche n'etiti ọla na ọla kọpa. Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke a bụ oze-inyinya. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-ede uri na nke a merges ya na Akwụkwọ Nsọ akụkọ ifo. Ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla mberede mere na ọ bụ a kpụrụ akpụ nke Peter ndị "arusi" na "arusi" - kpọmkwem otu okwu na-ekwu dere nke Bible, na-agwa nke nwa ehi ọlaedo, nke, kama nke Chineke dị ndụ na-efe ndị Juu. Ebe a, arụsị na-adịghị ọbụna gold, ma naanị ọla - ya mere ndị na-ede akwụkwọ na-ebelata ihie na ebube nke ihe oyiyi, na-egbukepụ egbukepụ elu dazzling okomoko, ma fraught n'ime abụghị bara uru ọdịnaya. Nke ahụ bụ ihe subtexts na-eku ume ndị mere "The oze ọgba ịnyịnya."

Pushkin gaghị-enyo enyo nke ọmịiko maka adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ Ọkaakaa echiche. Bụ ambiguous, Otú ọ dị, na ya ikwu na chepụtara echepụta idyll wuru Eugene nrọ. Olileanya na atụmatụ maka "obere mmadụ" bụ anya site ime mmụọ miri emi na-achọ, nke Pushkin hụrụ ha na-agaghị emeli.

Njedebe nke ibé na denouement

Mgbe inking na ntinye na ndịa nke ịhụnanya obodo nke na Pushkin adọ aka ná ntị na ihe ga-atụle na ihe omume, "jọgburu." A narị afọ mgbe ihe omume na n'igbere mmiri na Gulf nke Finland Petersburg ukara Eugene lọta ọrụ, na nrọ nke gbasara Parasha. Na ya, ọ na-kara aka na-ahụ, n'ihi na ya, dị ka ya obi umeala ụlọ, ga-ebu "frenzied" mmiri "ọnụma" Neva. Mgbe mmewere n'iyi, Eugene ga-atụfu na search of ya ọ hụrụ n'anya, na-ahụ na otu onye bụ adịkwaghị ndụ. Uche ya enweghị ike idi ihe mmetụta, na nwa okorobịa ahụ na-aga crazy. Ọ na-awagharị na-nepriyutnomu obodo na-a lekwasịrị ịkwa emo obodo ụmụ, na-echezọ ụzọ n'ụlọ. Na ha nsogbu Eugene blames Peter vozvedshego obodo n'ebe na-ekwesịghị, na otú gụrụ ndị ize ndụ. Na olileanya, a kpọgara egwu ọla arụsị: "Uzho ị .." Mgbe ahụ nanị ire ọkụ akọ na uche ya anụ arọ na sonorous "skakane" on cobblestones na-ahụ ya ọduọ agba na gbatịrị agbatị aka. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, Eugene nwụrụ anwụ n'ihu ụlọ ya na ẹbụk. N'ihi ya na-agwụ ndị uri.

Mmewere dị ka a na-fledged dike

Olee ọrụ na-egwuri a site na mmewere, nke bụ onwe ha nke mmadụ ga na pụrụ ime ihe nile rue ala? Researchers kwere akụkọ na nkerisi ndị mmadụ, ọ na-ejikọ ụfọdụ metaphorical causal yinye. Ọ na-agwakọta abụọ nke ibé nke akụkọ - mba ọzọ na anụ ụlọ - na symbolical omume. A esemokwu nke mmasị yiri ka akpọte ike nke ọcha, nke na mpụga okwu nke aka-ebibi ma na-egbochi obi ụtọ nke mmadụ. Mkpebi nke a ogu idu ke eziokwu na na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ịdị ukwuu nke ike dị ukwuu na aghụghọ na ime mmụọ ohere nke àgwà nke onye nkịtị e merie, ọ na-emechi. Ndị a bụ ndị nsogbu nke Pushkin ọrụ "The oze ịnyịnya", akụkọ nke e kere eke nke uri na mmalite nke omimi usoro "St. Petersburg" akụkọ na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ga satiate na creators nke Russian akwụkwọ nke iri na itoolu na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ.

Uri na a ncheta

Oghere nke ncheta Peter Ukwu na Sineti Square na St Petersburg ada itie ke mbubreyo n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1782. Ncheta, otu nnukwu amara na ịdị ebube, e haziri site Catherine II. Na e kere eke nke ihe equestrian oyiyi dọgburu onwe French ọkpụ Eten Falkone, Marie-Ann Kollo na Russian nwe Fyodor Gordeyev sculpted ọla agwọ n'okpuru di ọku ịnyịnya njakpa Petrova. Na ụkwụ nke ihe oyiyi arụnyere monolith, a na-akpọ égbè eluigwe-nkume, arọ ya bụ obere ihe na-erughị abụọ na ọkara ise (dum ncheta Atụlee banyere 22 tọn). Na ntụpọ ebe akpụ chọpụtara na hụrụ na-adabara a ncheta, a nkume ọma ụgbọala maka banyere ọnwa anọ.

Ke n'akwụkwọ nke uri Aleksandra Pushkina, dike nke na-ede uri mere kpọmkwem a ncheta, a ọkpụkpụ aha ya bụ ndị oze-inyinya. The bi na ndị ọbịa nke St. Petersburg nwere nnukwu ohere ịhụ nke a ncheta, nke nwere ike na-enweghị ikwubiga okwu ókè na-akpọ a nnọchianya nke obodo, fọrọ nke nta na-emebibeghị ụkpụrụ ụlọ ensemble.