Architecture nke Kievan rus

Na IX narị afọ na Slavic ndị mmadụ chikọta n'okpuru otu isi ike, nke mere ka e guzobere na-eto eto na ndị dị ike na ala - Kievan rus. oge akụkọ ihe mere eme na-akpa ihe a merenụ ka afọ 862. The heyday nke Kievan rus na-na-akpọ na ndị ọzọ "obodo nke mba ahụ," ka ọ malitere na n'etiti IX na kere ruo na mmalite nke XII narị afọ.

Architecture nke Kievan rus, nakwa dị ka akwụkwọ, kpụrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke ọhụrụ Christian okwukwe, ma a na-egbuke egbuke na eri site dum akụkọ ihe mere nke oge ochie na-ekpere arụsị-nketa erukwa mgbe oge a. Àmà nke na-ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ masterpieces. Agaghị echefu echefu oge ochie ije, na-agụnye Devid agụghị ndị gbara, mbụ frescoes, sculpted facades na-eju ihe ịchọ mma ọlaedo-ụka na Cathedrals. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha ọbọhọ ta.

The pụrụ iche ije nke Kievan rus - a symbiosis nke niile kasị mma na omenala ndị Eastern Slavic ebo, oké Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium, na-awagharị awagharị, nakwa dị ka ha onwe ha. The architects oge ochie Russia kpụrụ a style na ka fascinates ndị pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche nke ụmụaka. The kasị zuru ezu ije nke Kievan rus ẹnịm ke oge a Kiev. O yiri ka n'ebe a nwere niile dị mkpa masterpieces nke oge, dị ka Church nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri, St. Sophia Cathedral, ndị Golden Gate na Church nke Annunciation, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

Great Baptist Kievan rus Prince Vladimir na 996, na ya onwe ya ego na-ewu a ebube Church nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri. Maka mmezi nke ya, ọ na-kpoputara a ụzọ n'ụzọ iri nke ha na-akpata, na-eji na-akpọ - otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri, na chọọchị bụ site na nke a okwu nwetara aha ya. E nyere ya na ihe ndị mere oké nzube. Old Russian ije nke ihe owuwu kpughere ya n'ịma mma.

Ọ bụ nnọọ nnukwu, cross-domed, shestiyarusnaya. Wuru na a na narị afọ nke nkume, n'ime ya nọ na-mma na pụtara frescoes nke mara mma, mosaics na marble. Ná mmalite, otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri Church haziri isi n'ili. Ebe a, nwunye Vladimir e liri ya, a Byzantine adaeze, Anna, na ọ nwụrụ 1015. Mgbe ahụ ebe a, e zigara foduru nke kpara Princess Olga. The ime nke chọọchị na-agụnye iconostasis, obe na ndị ọzọ na chọọchị-abụ, nke bụ ihe kasị mma n'oge ahụ.

Art of Kievan rus see ukpụhọde na nkà ịrụ nke oge ochie obodo omenkà. Church akara aka bụ mwute na na mmalite nke XI narị afọ ya e mebiri site ọkụ na mgbe doro ugboro ugboro mbibi. Na 1240 Batu Khan were Kiev, na-ebibi okpukpe Shinto na-ebibi ndị Church nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri.

Ke ufọt Ancient Kiev ka mma chọọ St. Sophia Katidral. Ọ bụ anya site n'ebe di anya, na ya dome kpuchie gold, akwanyere ùgwù ma na mpako nke eziokwu na ndị dị otú ahụ a ebube mma ncheta ẹnịm ta. Ọ - a ebe njem uka maka ndị kwere ekwe, na otu n'ime ndị isi akụkọ ihe mere eme na-adọrọ mmasị nke isi obodo. Akụkọ ya na-adịghị mfe, ọ bụkwa a ugboro ugboro n'agha n'oge agha ahụ, gụnyere ke 1240 ndị agha nke Batu, ma oge ọ bụla ya bilie mkpọmkpọ ebe. Na 1740 ọ nọ na-kpamkpam wughachi, na ya ugbu anya ka mma na ya pụtara echiche nke ochie. Nso St. Sophia Cathedral bụ Golden Gate. Nke a bụ ihe atụ oge ochie ncheta, nke na-egosipụta na ije nke Kievan rus.

Ọnụ ụzọ ámá ahụ ihu nke obodo ma e ji maka emume, emume n'ọnụ ụzọ oge ochie Kiev. Ha na-wuru ke akụkụ ebe ndịda nke obodo nke Kiev Prince Yaroslav ndị maara ihe na-na 1037. Dị ka ndị ọzọ nchedo, n'ihu ọnụ ụzọ ámá bụ gwuo miri dọrọ 15 mita n'obosara na a omimi nke 8 mita. Golden Gate - ọ bụ a n'ezie ebe e wusiri ike ụlọ elu na njem ruo 7.5 mita. Anyị lanarịrị ike pilasters, oge ochie mgbidi 9.5 mita elu. Ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama Gate Church nke Annunciation n'Ọnụ Ụzọ Ámá. Ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya nke Christian obí eze. Archaeological research nke Golden Gate idem ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara na foduru nke ya mma: fresco eserese, na-egbuke egbuke cubes nke uzo glazes, iberibe Mozis. Smalt na-ukwuu mgbe eji na mma nke Ancient Nsọ. Ancient architects mmasị maka ya pụrụ iche anwụ ngwa ngwa na ịma mma nke na agba play nke njikere mere ndụ filika mmetụta.

Obi abụọ adịghị ya, na oge a nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nkà nke Kievan rus ruru ya kasị ukwuu ọganihu, na ndị na-egosi bụ ịtụnanya ncheta nke na oge.