Balkan Mountains: zuru ezu akparamagwa

The Balkan ugwu Stara Planina (Old Mountain) - otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma ugwu usoro ke Europe. Anyị ga-esi mara ya isi e ji mara na pụrụ iche atụmatụ.

Ịgagharị Old ugwu

Stara Planina (na Serbian na Bulgarian aha ebe aha) - nke abụọ aha nke Balkan Ugwu na Balkan, dị ka a kpọrọ ha na mbụ. Taa, nke ikpeazụ aha rapaara n'ihi na ha na Balkan Peninsula. Na oge ochie ugwu akpọ Αἶμος, Latin - Haemus. Weere kasị ugwu usoro nke Bulgarian ala, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ n'ihu nke nke nwere ike dị na ókèala nke taa Serbia.

Mountain nso abahade oge a na Bulgaria na North na South, agafe obodo si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Tupu mgbe Balkan Mountains iche si n'ebe ugwu Moesia ndịda Macedonia na Thrace. Nke a ugwu bụ eke n'ihu nke onye agbata obi-Southern Carpathians ridges na irutu ígwè ụzọ ámá (ibelata ọnụ) nke Danube River na ókè-ala nke Romania na Serbia.

Olee ebe ndị Balkan Mountains, ọ bụ ozugbo doro anya na aha nke ugwu usoro - na ọ na-enye ndị aha dum dịịrị banye na mmiri na nke a na-emi odude. Zuru ezu na-achịkọta: 43,2482 N, 25,0069 East. Ngụkọta ogologo nke ugwu - 555 km. Balkan Mountains elu adịghị gafere 2.376 mita - nke a bụ ole na kacha ugwu Botev.

Njirimara nke Stara Planina ugwu

Balkan iche guzobere Cainozoic epoch, nwere ọtụtụ njimara:

• Geological e ji mara: na Balkan Mountains - bụ ihe yiri ka onye ọ bụla ọzọ na n'elu ma ọ bụrụ na-eji ire ụtọ ridges. Ha mejupụtara bụ dị ka ndị: Precambrian na Paleozoic granites na schists na Mesozoic conglomerates, flysch, sandstone, na nkume nzu na karst.
• Description enyemaka: edem edere ọkara nke nwayọọ mkpọda na-dị, nke na-nso ka foothills Lower Danube ndagwurugwu. Southern ridges, na Kama nke ahụ, a nkpoda na precipitous.
• Ihu Igwe e ji mara: ugwu na-eje ozi dị ka a ụdị mgbidi-klimatorazdelom n'agbata ugwu na n'ebe ndịda na mpaghara nke Bulgaria. Ha combs anakọta ruo 800-1000 mm nke mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ; a ọnwa ole na ole nke afọ n'ebe ah u na-edina n'okpuru snow ndu.
• Hydrography: na Balkan Mountains, i nwere ike ịhụ mmalite nke ndị dị otú ahụ osimiri dị ka Ogosta, Vit, Absalọm, Osam, Timok - n'ihi ya ha na bed isi n'ebe ugwu nke Danube. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Stara Planina obe Kamchia River ndagwurugwu, na na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - na Iskar River.
• Flora: The n'elu ugwu - ugwu a ndagwurugwu, ala ahịhịa juru. Ji iru mmiri n'ebe ugwu mkpọda - a coniferous (pine ọhịa) ma ọ bụ beech, akpu, hornbeam ọhịa, na-ebili ka 1700-1800 m n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ógbè nke Balkan ugwu na-kpuchie na oké blanket nke deciduous ọhịa, Evergreen understory dị iche iche, na netwọk nke vine ..
• Mmịpụta nke minerals: coal na lignite; ígwè, ọla kọpa, edu ndú na zinc ores.

History na Ugbu

N'ihi na oge mbụ na Bulgarian-Serbian aha nke Stara Planina ugwu e dere na 1533. On ugwu mkpọda nke Balkan Mountains, ndị njem nleta nwere ike ịhụ a otutu ncheta nke oge nke Bulgarian mba ntọhapụ ije. Ọ na-emesi ndị Freedom Ncheta. Ugwu ndị ahụ bụkwa hụrụ ha ndo a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ebe obibi - Kremikovsky, Sokolsky na ndị ọzọ.

The ịnweta iyi nke ugwu na Balkan Peninsula ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke a maara nke ọma ugwu ntụrụndụ - Ribaritsa, Varshets, Teteven, wdg Ọ dịghị obere na-ewu ewu na Steneto National Park na sinik ugwu na-aga :. Shipka, Petrohan, Virbishsky, Chureksky, Republic Pass na akpiri nke osimiri Iskar.

Western Stara Planina bụ ọgaranya karst, na-eme ka ebe ndị a trekkers achọ na-enwe ịtụnanya karst abaitiat: Rabisha (i nwere ike izute na oge ochie nkume sere), Ledenika, SYEVA-dupka na ndị ọzọ.

Mount Botev

The kasị elu mgbe ndị Balkan Mountains Yumrukchalom mbụ a na-akpọ (na translation - aka-ugwu). Afọ anọ (1942-1946) ya a na-akpọ n'elu Ferdinand na nsọpụrụ nke eze, onye biliri na ya onu ire. Mgbe ọzọ, ruo afọ anọ ọ bụ aka-ugwu, mgbe na 1950 mere nweta ya ugbu aha - aha nna nke Hristo Botev, revolutionary ede uri na Bulgaria.

Odude n'elu Botev telivishọn, redio, onye n'ókè-ekpuchi 65% nke ókèala ndị Bulgarian ala na ihu igwe ojii, nke n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ weghaara ndị Nazi na-arụ ọrụ maka ha na nzube. Taa, ke akpatre njem nleta nwere ike zuru ike na-ezo site na ihu igwe, na-eri. On mgbidi ya njem itinye mbadamba nkume ndị e banyere ha climbs.

Areas Balkan Mountains

Kemgbe ụwa, e nwere atọ district Stara Planina:

• East. Ọ bụ ewepụghị akụkụ, diverging n'ime iche iche spurs, otu onye nke bụ a pụrụ iche rig Stara Planina. Ya ebe - bụ Cape Emine, na easternmost n'ókè nke Balkan Ugwu.
• Nkezi. Kasị elu, mara mma ma na-ewu ewu na ebe nke Balkan, iche ndị ọzọ na abụọ. Ya ịgba Iron Gate (Vratnik) na Zlatishsky agafe. Ọ bụ ebe a na vertices Botev Triglav Vejen, Solomon akara (Alec) Ambaritsa (Levski).
• West. Ọ na-esite si Serbian ókè-ala na n'ebe ndị Zlatishskogo ngafe. Ebe i nwere ike na-enwe mmasị n'elu Midžor.

Ugwu nke Balkan Peninsula

Na mgbakwunye na kasị ochie na ugwu na dịịrị banye na mmiri na-na-esonụ ugwu:

• Dinaric Alps - n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na mpaghara (Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina).
• Pindos ugwu - nnọọ n'ebe ndịda nke gara aga (Macedonia, Albania, Greece).
• Rila ugwu - ugwu (Bulgaria), ọ na-emetụta ha kasị elu mgbe ndị Balkan Peninsula - 2925 mita ọgụgụ kasị elu nke Musala.
• Rhodope Mountains, akụkụ ebe ndịda n'ókè n'Oké Osimiri Aegean.
• Pirin - ugwu nke Alpine ụdị.

N'ihi ya, Stara Planina - bụghị naanị ugwu usoro nke Balkan Peninsula. Ma ọ bụ na ọ bụ ndị nyere aha nke ikpeazụ, ọ bụ na ọ bụ ndị nwere oké mmetụta na idụhe ke Bulgaria.