Black ndepụta Russian mmiri

Kemgbe ọnwa isii Russian ichekwa ego na bank obodo ajụ: otu n'ime ndị isi isiokwu ụka ndị mmiri na-na Blacklist. Gịnị bụ nke a ndepụta, na ihe egwu nzukọ abanye anatara nke ụdị?

First Blacklist mmiri pụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta 10 afọ gara aga, na n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2004. Mgbe ahụ Central Bank mụụrụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ ụlọ ọrụ dị na ya zuru ụwa ọnụ "ọcha na-elu-" nke ụlọ akụ si unscrupulous egwuregwu. Igwe ịga ije na netwọk blacklists sikwuo ibe enweghị ntụkwasị obi na ahịa nke interbank agbazinye, nke mere ka ọnwụ nke liquidity site ọtụtụ obere na-ajụ-sized obot. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ òtù funahụrụ ha ikikere, ma regulator bụ ike na-ọnọdụ n'okpuru akara ma gbochie nnukwu bankruptcies.

e chepụtara echepụta nke pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche

Ke ufọt ufọt November 2013 bụ nke mbụ na-efegharị efegharị nke asịrị na innuendo banyere nkwado nke ụfọdụ n'aka oru. The isi nke Central Bank Elvira Nabiullina n'oge niile ajụjụ ọnụ gbaghara ozi a, na-enweghị na-ike gwụrụ, m na-ekpeghachi, na regulator na-adịghị aku na-eru ọ bụla nkwụsị-anatara. The n'otu ọnọdụ na-na-akọrọ site Association of Russian Banks, jụrụ ịnakwere ịdị adị nke blacklists.

Ọdịdị nke ihe ọmụma dị otú ahụ Central Bank na-edu ndú na ARB akọwa eziokwu nke ikenenke mpi na ichekwa ego na bank oru, a ga-ekwe omume omume na akụkụ nke isi ahịa nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri na-eduzi arụmọrụ na ego Laundering, nakwa dị ka ọchịchọ nke ụfọdụ nnukwu borrowers adịghị akwụghachi nnukwu mgbazinye ego mgbe Nwepu nke ikikere ha na-eme.

Winter 2014: a oge ida mmiri

Advocacy amịghịkwa ụfọdụ results, ma ọtụtụ ndị Russia kwa-ututu malitere na-achọta ihe ọmụma banyere nke mmiri na-na nwa ndepụta gụnyere ugbu a ụbọchị. N'agbanyeghị nke ugbu a nkwụnye ego insurance usoro, ụfọdụ investors họọrọ ịdọrọ ha ego ha si a nwere mfịna òtù. Isi nke ụlọ ọrụ na akaụntụ na anoghi n'ulo oba, na-ejide na n'ihu ọha anatara nwekwara họọrọ-aghọta site na ha na-ego.

N'oge na-adịghị, ọtụtụ bankers, chetara a ma ama na-ekwu na ego na-enwe mmasị ịnọ duu, kwụsịrị ikwu na isiokwu nke blacklists. Ọ bụrụ na ndi oru nta akuko na-enwe ike iji nweta ozi na okwu a, ọ anọwo nnọọ na aka ntagide na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ.

Total ihapu otutu okwu ọkachamara na-ebelata ka oge gboo bụ: "Live --ahụ". Karịsịa, pịa odeakwụkwọ nke "SMP Bank" Igor Ilyukhin na N'ajụjụ ọnụ "Bankir.ru" kwuru na ya onwe nwere 3 blacklists, nke na-apụta, gụnyere nzukọ na na ikike № 1481, ya bụ, "Sberbank Russia. "

A nta banyere n'ịbụ eziokwu nke ozi

Ọ ga-kwuru na ụfọdụ n'ime mmiri e depụtara na nwa ndepụta, mgbe ahụ, n'ezie nwere furu efu ya ikike. Otu onye dị otú anatara nwere 48 òtù, e bipụtara December 4, 2013. Site ugbu a ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke mbụ nkeji iri na ise nke 2014 na-kagburu ikikere nke 12 mmiri nọ na ndepụta. N'etiti "nnwụchu nwụrụ anwụ":

• December 2013 - "Project Financing Bank", "ego akụ", "poolu-Bank", "Smolensk", "Askold".
• January 2014 - "My Bank".
• February 2014 - "Link-Bank", "Eurotrust".
• March 2014 - "Russian Land Bank", "Monolith", "Sovincom", "ike azụmahịa".

N'ihi ya, ihe ọmụma banyere ihe ọjọọ ọnọdụ ego na-ekwe omume ikike Nwepu maka a nkeji iri na ise nke n'aka oru si Blacklist enen naanị ọnwa anọ. Ọ bụ omume na e hotara na mbụ nwa ndepụta Russian mmiri e mere na ndabere nke Ọnọnime ọmụma dị ka ya ndị. Ọ bụ omume ya na ọ bụ n'ihi nke a nke ọma analysis nke isi na-egosi ndị agha iri ise anụ ụlọ n'aka oru. Na nke a, onye nwere ike na-enwe mmasị na olu nke na-arụ ọrụ rụrụ na ndaba nke chọpụtara.

Òtù nke nlekọta nke anoghi n'ulo oba ...

CB (n'ime Federal Iwu № 86-FZ) itieutom anoghi n'ulo oba, ha na-aga n'ihu ego na n'aka iwu, na tracks enyo azụmahịa nke nzukọ na ya ahịa. Dị na chọrọ nke regulator zigara niile bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Central Bank na-akọ na azụmahịa, ma na-eme otú ahụ na-adọ ha n'ụzọ na na a nọgidere na-ndabere.

The Central Bank anya achọpụtazi niile n'aka oru. Ọzọkwa, a mbara nnyocha ọ bụla akụ ga-erughị 1 oge na 3 afọ. N'oge a nnyocha na-eleru nke size na Ọdịdị nke akụ na ụgwọ nke n'aka alụmdi, pụrụ iche ihe na ya mara na ya kwụsie ike. Ke adianade mgbagwoju, ma e nwekwara thematic inspections, nke mgbe ụfọdụ ọtụtụ ugboro n'afọ.

Ke adianade na-elekọta, "ndị Central Bank", "Financial Monitoring" - ke kpuchie nke mmejuputa iwu-nke chọrọ nke Iwu 115-FZ - enweta kwa ụbọchị site na mmiri ọtụtụ iri puku ndị ozi banyere na-aga n'ihu arụmọrụ nke ha, nke nwere ike na-eyi na-enyo enyo. Ọ bụ anya ihe mere na-aga a niile ikpo ọmụma, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị n'ihu na-akwalite doo nke ezigbo jikoro maka n'aka oru na-emerụ chọrọ nke iwu.

... na ya na-arụpụta

E nwere nghọta na anoghi n'ulo oba na-ada n'ime nwa ndepụta, dị iche iche ihe na-na Central Bank n'okpuru pụrụ iche akara. N'ezie, ego ọnọdụ nke onye ọ bụla akụ bụ ịchịkwa ọkachamara bụ nnọọ doro anya na ihe kwere nghọta. Mgbe nke a bụ ekwe omume na obere okwu ịgbanwe ihe ọ bụla ụzọ dị ịrịba ama. Ọ bụ omume na, na ndabere nke ihe ọmụma natara Central Bank nwere ike ike gị na nwa ndepụta nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri, nke na-emekarị na-na nzukọ na mkpa nke ha sie ike nlekọta.

The Central Bank nwere a nso nke ngwaọrụ mgbagwoju, nke aka melite arụmọrụ nke n'aka alụmdi na iji gbochie ya odida, na Nwepu nke ichekwa ego na bank ikike - a bụ ihe kasị gabiga ókè. N'ihi ya, ọ bụla dị otú ahụ ikpe bụ ntụpọ ndị ọkachamara nke territorial administrations, "ndị Central Bank".

N'ihi ya, isi ihe mere na nke rụpụtara n'ime Nwepu nke ikikere nke kasị nke anoghi n'ulo oba, na Central Bank oku inye ụgha okwu, na-arụ elu-ize ndụ n'aka iwu, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị na-abụghị mmezu nke iwu na-achị ha na-eme.

Prediktebul na-ejighị n'aka na omume nke depositors

Ọ ga-kwuru na n'ọtụtụ ebe, n'ihu ọha Blacklist nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri (na 2014), ọdịdị ya enwekwukwa na ikenenke mpi. Akpan akpan, bụ mkpara nke ụfọdụ ndị na-eduga n'aka oru ume ya ahịa nyefee ego si mmiri na kwuru na-dị na na ikike Nwepu anatara.

The ekweghiekwe regulator iji zaa ajụjụ ahụ nke otú chọta nwa ndepụta nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri, nakwa dị ka enweghị eziokwu banyere ezigbo ọnọdụ n'aka oru dara n'ime ya, mere ka a oke nyefe nke ego nke ụmụ amaala na anoghi n'ulo oba na ala òkè. Naanị maka IV nkeji iri na ise nke 2013 olu nke ego nke ụmụ amaala na "ego Bank" mụbara site 7.8% na akụ "VTB" - by 4.7%.

Mkpa nke nwale ibiere

Nọ n'ebe ọ bụla kpọmkwem bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke nwa ndepụta nke Central Bank, ma ọ bụ na ọ na-sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ ọzọ ụlọ ọrụ site ahịa nwechapụ si mpi, ugbu a abụghị nnọọ mkpa. Ma na oruru nke "na-acha ọcha" ndepụta e mara ọkwa na eze.

Ná ngwụsị nke 2013 na Central Bank azụlitewo na ibiere na a ga-ekpebisi ike site na-akpọ systemically mkpa obot. The isi ibiere chọrọ ka akụkụ nke akụ na interbank ahịa ọrụ (iche iche - ka nbinye na dị ka gbaziiri) na olu nke onwe ego na ya.

Na ndabere nke a na-egosi na egosiri mmezi "chịkọta n'ihi" uru nke nke na-egosi ogo mkpa nke ụlọ akụ maka Russian ichekwa ego na bank usoro. Kwa afọ ndepụta ga-agụnye ndị n'aka oru onye "njikọ N'ihi" karịa 0,6.

"White" ndepụta

Isi contenders maka a ebe ke ndepụta systemically mkpa n'aka oru na ala-ekesịpde anoghi n'ulo oba: ego Bank, "VTB", "Agricultural Bank", "Gazprombank" na ndị ọzọ. The ndepụta nwere ike inwe ndị dị otú ahụ bụ isi onwe anoghi n'ulo oba, dị ka "Alfa-Bank", "PSB", "NOMOS Bank", "Bank of Moscow". O doro anya na ọnụnọ nke "na-acha ọcha" ndepụta na-eme ka ọ dịrị ya mfe otuto alụmdi ohere ikwu ego, karịsịa Central Bank maka mgbazinye ego na ikere òkè auctions maka nri ka a nọrọ ego nke ala-ekesịpde na ala-ekesịpde ụlọ ọrụ.

N'aka nke ọzọ, na-echefu n'ime ndị dị otú ahụ a na ndepụta bụ ubara anya na-aga n'ihu akara arụmọrụ. Ọ na-kweere na ụfọdụ onwe anoghi n'ulo oba ga belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke azụmahịa na-eme, na-esi pụọ ukwuu ntị nke Central Bank.

New chọrọ maka ntụkwasị obi nke anoghi n'ulo oba, na-arụ ọrụ na obodo ego

Ná ngwụsị nke March nke afọ a ọ bịara mara na Finance Ministry na Government nke Russian Federation bu n'obi na-agụgharị ndepụta nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke na-ala ụlọ ọrụ ga-ekwe na-eme n'ọdịnihu na-edebe ha ego. Dị ka oru ngo mepụtara "Bank of Russia", ala-ekesịpde ụlọ ọrụ ga-enwe ike idowe na nwa oge free ego naanị na ndị òtù, bụ ndị na-okwu fim bụ ala karịa BBB (site Fitch ma ọ bụ Standard & Ogbenye si version) ma ọ bụ Baa3 (dị ka Moody si) na dị na okwu nke na-enịm ego na ya.

Russian bankers siworo meghachi omume ọhụrụ enweghị ịnụ ọkụ n'obi, ahụ na ya ọzọ ụlọ ọrụ na ebumnuche na-jupụta unofficial nwa ndepụta nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri site n'aka oru, n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ na-adịghị ratings ndị a ụlọ ọrụ. The n'ozuzu uche nke ichekwa ego na bank obodo owụt na N'ajụjụ ọnụ akwụkwọ akụkọ "Izvestia" nnọchiteanya FBK Roman Königsberg. Dị ka ya, echiche nke a pụrụ isi chọta nke ọha na eze ego na pụrụ ịdabere na anoghi n'ulo oba, dị ka a dum bụ ụda na ziri ezi, ma were nke mba rankings dị ka isi nwale criterion bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu moot.

atụmatụ rankings

Ogologo oge fim ụlọ ọrụ na-eme ka "nnukwu atọ", naanị nwere 78 anụ ụlọ obot. Ọzọkwa, mba ratings bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu nke onye, ha na-esiwanye n'ime akaụntụ mba ọzọ amụma ọnọdụ, kama kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na otuto alụmdi. Agency - n'okpuru mgbali nke ụfọdụ Western owuwu - nwere ike mgbe ọ bụla ịdọrọ ratings kenyere ha, nke ga-eme ka bukwanu nsogbu maka Russian anoghi n'ulo oba na-ekere òkè ala mmemme.

Zubere tightening chọrọ maka n'aka fim òtù kwesịrị iduga a Mbelata na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị keere òkè na nkwụnye ego auctions banyere ọkara. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara kwuru, ka ndị dị otú ahụ auctions ga-emesị kwere banyere atọ na iri na abuo obot. O doro anya na òtù na e tutu amama si mpi maka ala ego, na-akpaghị aka ikere a ọhụrụ "nwa ndepụta nke 2014 mmiri".

Gịnị bụ ọzọ?

Na nke abụọ nkeji iri na ise nke 2014, ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu, na ọnụego nke "ọcha" nke ichekwa ego na bank ahịa iju ubé, ma ọrụ na njirimara nke mfịna òtù ga-anọgide na. Ka ihe atụ, na April 17, nwere furu efu ha ikikere maka ọzọ 2 mpaghara mmiri: Dagestan "Caspian" na Bashkir "AF Bank". Ọ ga-kwuru na ndị a na n'aka oru agunyeghi na nwa ndepụta nke bịara n'ikperé mmiri, n'ihi na ha weere ala ntụpọ na ogo, na isi nsogbu ha malitere naanị na 2014. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara kwuru, na 2014 ga-efunahụ ha ikikere banyere iri ise obot.