Bolshevik Island: ebe, nkọwa, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-amụ ihe

Na Arctic Ocean ụgha akipelago nke Severnaya Zemlya. Ọ mejupụtara anọ bụ isi n'àgwàetiti na ọtụtụ nta n'anya. Isiokwu a na-akọwa nke abụọ kasị ukwuu àgwàetiti nke akipelago - na Bolsheviks. Ọ bụ n'ebe ndịda n'ọnụ nke North nke Earth, ọ na-n'ókè site abụọ n'oké osimiri - na Kara na Laptev. Si Chile ọ na-iche site na ihe Strait nke Vilkitsky, ma si October mgbanwe Island - Strait Shokalski.

obodo ozi

Island 11 nwere Bilshovyk tysyach ebe 312 sq. kilomita, aza ajụjụ maka ihe fọrọ nke nta a nke atọ nke dum akipelago. Ya kasị elu mgbe bụ na 935 mita. The enyemaka nke agwaetiti bụ ukwuu n'ime ewepụghị na a ole na ole ugwu nta, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-atụgharị n'ime a ugwu.

The na-achịkọta ndị na mpaghara: 78 degrees 36 nkeji ugwu ohere na 102 degrees 55 nkeji ọwụwa anyanwụ lonjituudu. Ugbu a, ị maara kpọmkwem ebe Bolshevik Island.

Ya oké osimiri bụ kpamkpam indented, e nwere ọtụtụ bays. The kasị dị ịrịba ama - Gulf Akhmatova, nke fọrọ nke nta 60 km mkpọka n'ime ala. Ọzọkwa banye n'ime miri n'ime obodo Fjord Thalmann na Gulf Mikoyan. Tinyere oké osimiri e nwere a set nke bays - Zhuravlev, anyanwụ na ndị ọzọ.

Bolshevik Island obụrede mbụre a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke osimiri - jelii, Kamenka, Golysheva, nkpoda na ndị ọzọ, ma e nwere ole na ole ọdọ mmiri ndị na ha na-adịghị nnukwu.

ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe

The idụhe bụ Arctic oké osimiri. The nkezi afọ okpomọkụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ nọ na-na gburugburu -14 ...- 16 ° C, mgbe ke ini etuep na ọ nwere ike idebe na -40 ° C ke ndaeyo adịkarịghị adahade n'elu + 5 Celsius C. Ọdịda dara ubé - aka 400 mm kwa afọ, ukwuu n'ime June ka August. Ọbụna n'oge okpomọkụ ala thaws naanị n'elu a obere miri (12-15 cm) n'ala pinned permafrost. Area karịa 3 nde sq. kilomita (30% nke agwaetiti) na-ekpuchi kpụkọrọ na mgbe gbazee. The kasị ibu nke ha ọbụna a aha - Leningrad, Kropotkin, Mushketov.

Nyere ala okpomọkụ, Ugboro squally ifufe na ndị ọzọ oghom ọnọdụ ọ na-aghọ doro anya ihe mere na àgwàetiti ahụ bụ n'enweghị onye bi na Bolshevik. The weather ebe a bụ ihe kasị nke afọ bụ nnọọ njọ.

Biota

N'agbanyeghị oké ihu igwe siri ike, Bolshevik agwaetiti ka mmadụ bi. Na elu nke ọtụtụ nnụnụ akwu. Ihe ọ bụ - pink na ọlaọcha gulls, murres, nwa-legged kittiwake, glaucous gulls, nakwa dị ka obere umu dị ka peregrine agụ nkwọ, Sabine si gulls na-acha ọcha.

N'àgwàetiti rookeries kwadebe walruses na akàrà. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ị pụrụ ịhụ reindeer, lemmings, wolves na nkịta ọhịa. Ma onye nwe nke agwaetiti ahụ, dị ka nke ọma ka dum akipelago - na polar bear. Gwupụtara egosiwo na banyere 25 puku afọ gara aga mammoths biri ebe a.

Dị ka ọkà, na Bolsheviks e nwere banyere 65 umu nke osisi, ya bụ, na agwaetiti bụ nnọọ ehighị nne ahịhịa. Ebe a na-adị ndụ mosses na lichens, fọrọ nke nta na-aga n'ihu cover ekpuchi nkume, dị ka nke ọma dị ka pola willow. Na-adịghị ahụkebe okooko - Arctic poppy, bloodroot, Saxifraga cespitosa, snow saxifrage, minuartia nnukwu-fruited, bluegrass shortened, Saxifraga cernua, luzula matted na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ umu. Of ọka n'àgwàetiti eto pickerel acha anụnụ anụnụ-agba ntụ na n'elu ugwu na foxtail.

The isi e ji mara ndị obodo osisi - ike sparseness ahịhịa, isi na-akpata nke bụ nkume nkume na gravelly mbara ọzara na ugwu nta nke agwaetiti ahụ, bụ nke a kọwara na isiokwu.

Blizhlezhaschie obere agwaetiti

Okirikiri nke ọtụtụ kilomita site Bolshevik ụgha n'elu 20 ntakịrị àgwàetiti. The kasị dị ịrịba ama ndị a na-akpọ gabigara ókè. Ndị ọzọ na-- Low, echefu echefu, Sports, Klin, Nnukwu, nso, Marine na ọtụtụ - nwere obere ebe. Ha niile ịkọrọ a ugwu ugwu na ewepụghị nkume teren, ọjọọ ọnọdụ ihu igwe, ogbenye fauna na osisi dị nnọọ ụkọ.

Olee otú inyocha agwaetiti Bolshevik

Nyocha n'ụwa a pola ọjọọ. Ha na-agba nkịtị ka ọnọdụ ndị tara akpụ nke ndụ na-arụ ọrụ, ma a agwaetiti niile bụ nkụda mmụọ ya unremarkable mma, gbarụọ igwe, leaden mmiri na ebili mmiri, na ike nke na-eti megide n'ikperé mmiri.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmepe nke agwaetiti ahụ, dị ka nke ọma dị ka niile Northern Earth - a na-egbuke egbuke, nke jupụtara ezi heroism page ofụri chrede obodo nchoputa. Achọpụta nke agwaetiti - òtù nke hydrographic njem B.A.Vilkitskogo, onye mbụ wee nke dị n'ụsọ Bolsheviks 1913. The kasị zuru ezu na-amụ na a nkọwa zuru ezu nke ala e mere na afọ 1930-1932 n'oge njem nke Institute maka Study nke North. Òtù ya bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị na Urvantsev NN amama VV, Ushakov GA Zhuravlev na SP

Na 1979-1983 afọ n'ụwa a hụrụ placer gold. Na 1992 agwaetiti ahụ gara Bolshevik obibi njem nke ise ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, bụ ndị isi ọrụ na-ekpebi na ọkwa nke pesticide ofufe nke Severnaya Zemlya.

Otu ihe dị mkpa mere maka Ornithology ke 1992, mgbe agwaetiti mepụtara ihe kpọọ na banding ọcha gulls maka inwekwu ọmụmụ nke ụdị.

Total agwaetiti 3 bụ pola ojii - otu serving ( "Cape Baranova") na abụọ mechiri emechi ( "anyanwụ" na "aja").