BTR-3 (APC "Guardian"): otu nnyocha, nkọwa, e ji mara na atụmatụ

Na oge a na ọnọdụ ego ịzụta ọhụrụ armored ugbo ala na-adịghị na obodo nile. Na ndị bara ọgaranya na-ekwu, agaghịkwa aghọ party nke ọtụtụ narị mkpụrụ, mmachi iwu na 40-50-70 nkeji. Ọ bụ ya mere na emeputa chọrọ oké elu. Ukrainian BTR-3 bụ otu n'ime ndị ụdị na-nwere ndị na-azụ ọbụna na nke ugbu a ike akụ na ụba adị n'ezie.

Malite nke development

Construction nke nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ malitere na 2000. The mbụ igwe e kere na ya n'uche, na n'ihi na iwu, nke e mere na oke nke na ngwá agha na UAE Marine. Ọ dịghị mkpa ikwere na BTR-3 bụ ihe n'ezie ọhụrụ, dị ka ọ na-adabere na nke ochie BTR-80. More kpomkwem, na ndabere nke BTR-94, nke bụ a ezi uche mmepe nke "eighties" nlereanya. Nke a igwe e mepụtara na Kharkov igwe-ụlọ osisi. Construction nke ọhụrụ nlereanya e dechara na 2002.

Na usoro a, aka anọ bụ isi na-azara ọnụ otu si United Arab Emirates, Germany, USA na Ukraine onwe ya. Production nke mmiri abuana ke banyere a iri na abuo Ukrainian ụlọ ọrụ. Oru ngo a bụ ụdị "Internationale."

mmepụta

Production nke ọhụrụ BTR-3 ụlọ Ẹnịm bụghị site na ọkọ, ma site remaking ochie BTR-70 na BTR-80, nke bụ nnukwu ego nke onyinye gara Ukraine mgbe ida nke Soviet Union. The nzukọ nke ọhụrụ armored ụgbọala na-Kiev armored osisi. Ndị ọkachamara na-atụ aro na-arụ ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ nke a "Troika" bụ ọ dịghị ihe karịrị puku mmadụ ise hryvnia kwa ọnwa, nke bụ ọtụtụ ugboro na-erughị na-eri nke ịnọgide na-enwe otu n'ime BTR-4.

Mkpochapu ewu ntụpọ

Dị ka nke 2015, a kọrọ, na mba mụtara na mmepụta nke na-erughị 90% nke mmiri maka ọhụrụ technology. Nke a ga-ebelata dependency na na-eme ka nke nke armored pesonel ebu, ihe-eri-irè.

Na na-adịbeghị anya gara aga, ndị Kiev management nke osisi kọrọ na kemgbe mmalite nke mmepụta na oge ke imewe nke igwe na-ama-eme ka fọrọ nke nta 800 dị iche iche mmegharị, nke dozie adịghị mata n'oge ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ya jisiri budata melite manufacturability, naanị ọbọ a ziri ezi n'ọnọdu nke welds. N'oge gara aga afọ na-butere kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ọmụmụ na-ekwe omume nke na wụnye ihe armored pesonel ụgbọelu na German nwoke engines.

Ọ na-akọ na na mbụ November 2015, Thailand nke nwetara aka n'ime nkwekọrịta, dị ka nke ọ nwere ike onwe-emepụta BTR-3 na ya mmiri na ya n'ókèala. Ọ bụ edoghị Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị Thais na-aga na-emepụta housings. Ma ha ga-emeghe ha foundry ụlọ maka BTR-3, ma ha bu n'obi na-ịzụta ihe ochie BTR-70/80 si Ukrainians.

Design atụmatụ

Nyere mbido nke igwe, ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya layout na n'ihu-n'ịnyịnya akara modul. Ọdịda ọrụ nkewa na-emi odude ke ufọt armored, na engine - na azụ. Dị otú ahụ compartments okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu BTR-3 ozugbo biiri si ha "nna nna".

Dị ka ha, nke a nlereanya bụ ike nke na ya ike ịmanye mmiri mgbochi. Maka ngagharị na nke a na-eji na-ugboelu engine, n'ịnyịnya na etak ubom. Ọtụtụ e mere n'ihi na mma nke na-akwọ ụgbọala. Ya mere, n'ihi na ya na-amalite na-ese a ọdọ ma ọ bụ osimiri na-adịghị mkpa na-ahapụ ọrụ: ọta ka ichughachiazu mmiri na imipu maka pumping ya gabigara ókè na-gụnyere si tagzi.

N'ihi ya, na nkịtị e ji ebu ihe ga-aha naanị mmadụ abụọ: a ọkwọ ụgbọala na na ọgụ unit ọrụ. The ọdịda ogige-etinye dịkarịa ala asatọ alụso na zuru mgbọ na pụrụ ịbata na nke igwe site mpịachi hatches, bee n'ime ala nke ọ bụla n'akụkụ. Ọ na-eji classic atụmatụ: ala akụkụ nke a ụzọ Nleta a adaba ugwu, na nke abụọ nkebi mgbidi, nādabere na-atụ ihu, na-ekpuchi agha mwakpo si kwe omume bombardment nke onye obere ogwe aka. Maka ọnọdụ mberede nyere hatches n'elu ụlọ nke otu armored ụgbọ ala.

E nwere otu onye ozi oge unit maka na ntụ oyi, nakwa dị ka akpaka ọku emenyụ usoro ke engine-nnyefe ogige.

ogo nchedo

Ma nke a na-ekwu bụ ihe ndị kasị akpali na-atụle. The eziokwu na Ukraine bụ na n'akụkụ n'itinye na armored ụgbọ ala dị ka ndị kasị ala, atụnyere ọ fọrọ nke nta na a full tank. Olee otú ezi omume otú ahụ n'ezie BTR-3, teknuzu e ji mara nke anyị na-atụle, bụ ike idi a dịgasị iche iche nke n'aka mbibi?

Nke a bụ nke mbụ armored ụgbọ ala nke Ukraine si na-ewu nke e ji mee differentiated agha: ígwè na-echebe ndị na ndi oru ugbo si na mmetụta na-ebibi nke mgbọ na Kevlar kụrụ aka maka braking na retaining irighiri. Dị ka anyị kwuru, ụlọ a na-kpọkọtara si ochie Soviet mere armored pesonel ụgbọelu site Weld ọzọ agha mbadamba akpọrepu ígwè mpempe akwụkwọ. Ewezuga nri ha nile na-setịpụrụ na ò akụkụ na-amụba ohere nke rebound na-enye enwekwukwa nche igwe ndi oru ugbo.

Housing BTR-3, nke bụ ihe fọrọ niile Eserese ugboro ugboro àgwà BTR-80 iche appreciable ezigbo contours. Dị ka a kọrọ site Ukrainian emepụta, ọ e mere n'ihi ala nke merie mmiri mgbochi. Ọzọ, ọ ozi na ndị ahịa nwere ike optionally ike n'ịnyịnya usu ndi nāpunara madu ogige na a elu nke 150 mm, nke mmemmem na ntinye na ụzọ ọpụpụ alụso, nakwa dị ka ndị esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke merụọ n'ọgbọ agha.

agagharị e ji mara

Iji mfe management, ma belata nsogbu na ọkwọ ụgbọala constructively na a dị ike haịdrọlik ike n'iru. Anọ (!) Of n'ihu-wheel n'iru, nke mma maneuverability na flotation ígwè ọrụ. E nwere a centralized usoro nke gosiri na nke taya na usoro nke ha akara na-enye gị ohere iji ngwa ngwa, na-enweghị na-ahapụ igwe, kpatụ kwa. Nke a bụ karịsịa bara uru ma ọ bụrụ na-aga n'ihu a chọrọ iji merie apịtị ebe na ala mmiri.

Ike osisi na nnyefe

Ugbu a, ndị BTR-3 "Watch" atọrọ German engine Deutz BF6M1015, na-anapụta ike 326 HP. a. The igwe na-onwem na a n'ụzọ zuru ezu akpaka nnyefe Allison MD3066. E nwere a mmefu ego nhọrọ, mgbe armored pesonel ụgbọelu na-enweta moto UTD-20, mepụtara ike nke 300 lita. a. Ma ọ bụghị kwa na ina ma na mba ma ọ bụ site na mba ọzọ ahịa, dị ka na agagharị nke dị otú ahụ akụrụngwa ruo mgbe na-eju afọ dara mkpụmkpụ.

Mgbe ọhụrụ na a ọhụrụ nlereanya na-guzosie ike engine MTU 6R106TD21, esịtidem olu - 7.2 lita. Nke a moto nwere ike inye ike ruo 325 lita. a. Na oge a, ndị na-emepụta kpebiri iji wụnye a n'ụzọ zuru ezu akpaka nnyefe Allison 3200SP. Ọ na-akọ na na mbụ 2015 na-akwadebe (na ozizi) a prototype Ukrainian n'ụzọ zuru ezu akpaka. Ohere inweta bụ, ma ọ bụrụ na nke a oru ngo ga-emejuputa atumatu na nke ugbu a aku adị, mgbe ahụ, ọ bụ naanị maka ikikere mmepụta nke mba ọzọ ụdị.

eriri igwe nkọwa

BTR-3E1 na-onwem na a mgbọ French Michelin taya. [9] Diagonal taya, tubeless, nwetụ nsogbu na akụkụ 365/90 R18 na 335/80 R20.

The agha ọhụrụ armored ụgbọala

Karịsịa n'ihi na a Usoro e mepụtara a ọgụ unit CBA-105 "squall" isi pụtara ìhè ike nke nke bụ oge a na 30-mm egbe ZTM-1 nlereanya. Na ya, a ụzọ nke na-agbaba na 7,62-mm igwe egbe 7,62 CT. Gịnị nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ BTR-3 (a oge a na armored ụgbọala mgbe niile) na a nzukọ na onye iro tank? "Asọmpi-M" N'ihi nke a, na igwe na-onwem na abụọ ATGM launchers containers 9M114M. Ọgụ ndị bipu ma ọ bụ iji na-egosipụta ya ọgụ 30-mm akpaka bombu obubata nwere ike ji mee.

N'ihi na ọkụ na-akara na stabilization nke isi egbe osobo mgbagwoju OTP-20, nke a na-gụnyere ke imewe nke ọhụrụ stabilizer VCA-500 ngwá. Ya iji ukwuu rụọ agbapụ ihe ziri ezi ọbụna na ogologo nso.

Ọzọ variant nke ọgụ modul

E nwere a variant nke armored ụgbọ ala ọgụ ngwá modul BM-3M "Oké Ifufe". Ọ dị iche na stabilization unit ogwe aka nke na abụọ ụgbọ elu. Ọ mepụtara usoro ihe a, n'okpuru kpọmkwem nlekọta nke M. D. Borisyuka. Dị ka na aga na ikpe, ihe ndabere maka modul bụ akpaka 30-mm egbe ala nlereanya ZTM-1 (ammo - 350 agba) na 7.62-mm igwe egbe mgbọ na CT na 2,000 agba. On n'akụkụ aka nri nke modul na-arụnyere na-amalite akpa "Barrier" anọ mgbochi tank agba, na n'aka ekpe e a 30mm KBA-117 (akpaka bombu obubata).

Dị ka na aga na ikpe, maka nduzi na nzube na-emezu ihe ndị ziri ezi nso nke OTP-20, nke a n'ụzọ zuru ezu ike n'ime akara circuit ATGM "Barrier". Na ọrụ nke stabilizer na ogwe aka na ihu ọma nke VCA-500. Ebe ọ bụ na stabilization a rụrụ n'out oge na abụọ ụgbọ elu, BTR-3 "The Guardian" (armored pesonel ụgbọelu) nwere ike na-eduzi irè ọkụ ozugbo, na-enweghị imefusị oge iji kwụsị na aiming. Na ụlọ elu e nwekwara obere ogbunigwe (81 mm) zubere maka ịrụzu flue checkers "ígwé ojii."

JMA na nlegharị anya

Gịnị bụ ojiji nke ọku akara n'aka (MSA)? Brand ngwá - "Track-M." Emepụta na Chernihiv Radio Equipment Plant. The ebumnobi nke usoro ihe a na-agụnye na-adọ nchọpụta nke ala zaa na helicopters na a ala ụgbọ elu elu, mmejuputa ezubere iche, nakwa dị ka ime akara nke niile ọgụ ụgbọala mgbagwoju.

The ọchịagha nwere a nguzo-naanị unit (na otu atụmatụ), "Panorama-2P". Ọ nwekwara ike ibu abụọ akara aka site a pụrụ iche na n'ime ime obodo panel. Large-format panoramic igwefoto, nke bụ akụkụ nke ma ndị agha nkeji, ike ga-akpọlite ka a elu nke ụkwụ abụọ, na-enye ndị ọchịagha na onye agha kasị elu na o kwere omume nyochaa. Nke a na usoro a na-emepụta na Chernihiv Radio Equipment Plant.