Chromium oxide

Ọtụtụ chemical ogige esịnede abụọ dị mfe ọcha - ČR na O, - nwe a na klas nke inorganic ogige - oxides. Ha nkịtị aha - chromium oxide, iwere n'ihu na parentheses Roman numerals egosi valence nke metal. Ndị ọzọ na aha na ha chemical formulas:

• chromium (II) oxide - chromium oxide, CrO;
• chromium (III) oxide - chromic green, chromium sesquioxide, Cr2O3;
• chromium (IV) oxide - chromium oxide, CrO2;
• chromium (VI) oxide - chromic anhydride, chromium trioxide, CrO3.

A compound nke metal shestivalenten na nwere elu oxide nke chromium. Nke a siri ike, odorless, anya dị ka a gbara ọchịchịrị-acha ọbara ọbara kristal (na ikuku, ha na-agbasa n'ihi na ike hygroscopic). Ezengwenri ibu - 99,99 g / ahumachi. Njupụta na 20 ° C hà 2,70 g / cm³. Agbaze uche - 197 ° C, esi - 251 Celsius C. Na 0 ° C na mmiri etisasịwo 61,7 g / 100 na 25 ° C - 63 g / 100 ml na 100 ° C - 67,45 g / 100 ml. The oxide na-etisasịwo na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid (chromic a ngwakọta, nke e ji mee ihe na laabu maka chemical saa efere) na nitric acid, ethanol, ethyl ether, acetic acid, acetone. Na 450 ° C erekasịchaala ka Cr2O3.

Chromium (VI) oxide na-eji usoro nke electrolysis (dị ọcha chromium) maka chromating zinc ngwaahịa, electrolytic plating, dị ka a ike oxidizing gị n'ụlọnga (n'ihi na mmepụta nke indigo, isatin). Higher chromium oxide na-eji maka ịchọputa mmanya na exhaled ikuku. The mmeghachi omume ha retara dị ka atụmatụ: 4CrO3 + 6H2SO4 + 3C2H5OH → 2Cr2 (SO4) 3 + 3CH3COOH + 9H2O. Ọnụnọ nke na-aba n'anya na-egosi a ngwọta na agba mgbanwe (amama akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ).

Chromium (VI) oxide, nakwa dị ka ihe niile hexavalent ČR, bụ a nwere ike nsi (kpara dose - 0,1 g). N'ihi ya elu ọrụ CrO3 akpata mgbanye (na ntiwapụ) organic bekee , na kọntaktị na ha. N'agbanyeghị ala volatility, ndị dị elu nke chromium oxide dị ize ndụ ma ọ bụrụ na kuru, dị ka bụ ọrịa cancer akpa ume. N'elu kọntaktị na akpụkpọ (ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ewepụ obere oge) na-akpata iwe, dermatitis, eczema, akpalite mmepe nke cancer.

Tetravalent chromium oxide na CrO2 ọdịdị a siri ike n'ụdị nke nwa tetrahedral ferromagnetic kristal. Chromium oxide nwere a ezengwenri uka nke 4 83.9949 g / mol, njupụta 4,89 g / cm³. The umi-agbaze n'out oge decomposing, na okpomọkụ nke 375 ° C. The mmiri anaghị igbari. Ọ na-eji na magnetik ndekọ media dị ka na-arụ ọrụ umi. Na ewu ewu na nke CD-ROM na DVD-ROM mbanye iji chromium (IV) oxide mgbada n'usoro. Ya na nke mbụ synthesized ke 1956 site na a mmiri ọgwụ si Ei Dupont ụlọ ọrụ Norman L. Cox site decomposition nke chromium trioxide na ọnụnọ nke mmiri na okpomọkụ nke 640 ° C na a mgbali nke 200 MPa. Dị ka Dupont ikike nyere site Sony na Japan na BASF na Germany.

3 chromium oxide Cr2O3 bụ a ezi-na-grained siri ike ihe ọmụma si na ìhè na ọchịchịrị green. Ezengwenri uka nhata 151,99 g / mol. Njupụta - 5,22 g / cm³. Agbaze uche - 2435 ° C, esi - 4000 Celsius C. The Refractive index nke dị ọcha umi - 2.551. Nke a oxide bụghị soluble na mmiri, na mmanya, acetone, acid. Dị ka ọ na-eru nso na njupụta nke corundum njupụta, ọ na-ndinọ na formulations polishing elekọta mmadụ (e.g., mado GOI). Nke a bụ otu n'ime isi oxides nke chromium, nke a na-eji dị ka a pigmenti. N'ihi na oge mbụ na nzuzo technology ọ natara na 1838 n'ụdị a uzo hydrated ụdị. Na ọdịdị, hụrụ na ụdị chrome ígwè ore FeO • Cr2O3.

Divalent chromium oxide - siri ike nwa ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara na agba ya na a agbaze n'ókè nke 1550 Celsius C. Agbaze na decomposition. Ezengwenri ibu - 67,996 g / mol. Chromium oxide (II) nke red agba abụghị pyrophoric, na otu umi bụ a black pyrophoric. Ntụ ntụ ignites spontaneously na ikuku, n'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike ịchekwa nanị n'okpuru a oyi akwa nke mmiri, dị ka ọ na-adịghị emekọ ya. Black oxide nke chromium bụ nnọọ ike inweta ọcha ụdị.

N'ihi chromium oxide na ala valence typical isi Njirimara, na n'ihi oxide na elu valence - acid.