Concrete quality: chọrọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ

Na-arụ n'ọrụ ọrụ na-ewu mixtures na-amụta na kọwaa àgwà ha na-enyemaka nke pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ visual ịrịba ama. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ihe àgwà akara nwere ike rụrụ ma na mmiri mmiri na-ama obi tara mmiri mgbe n'ụzọ zuru ezu njikere imewe.

Olee otú iji chọpụta kwa nke ngwakọta na mmiri mmiri ala?

Good ihe na-emekarị nwere a na agba ntụ agba. Tupu agbapụtara na freshly kwadebere ngwọta ga-hụ na nkà na ụzụ Njirimara na a elu larịị, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na emeputa ike nwee obi ike ma ọ bụ na ogbe a mere na ya na aka. Ime onwe gị a ego, otu onye nwere ike ịmụta ọtụtụ ihe banyere àgwà e ji mara nke ngwaahịa. Kwa nke ngwakọta na mmiri mmiri ala nwere ike mata site laabu ule.

Control nke sikwuo ike ihe

A ihe ezi ntule nke àgwà nke ihe nwere ike mgbe ọ akpatre siri ike, mgbe ha nọrọ n'ụlọ iri abụọ na ụbọchị asatọ si oge ndochi e mere.

Control nwere ike ịbụ ndị na-abụghị na-ebibi ma na-ebibi. Ke akpa idaha, a dị iche iche ule ngwá, agụ adịghị nnọọ ezi, na nke abụọ - mere ozugbo na sample inweta.

nondestructive ụzọ

E nwere ndị na-esonụ ụdị:

1. N'ịkwatu diski ọcha na-agụnye mwepụ voltaji emepụta na mpaghara mbibi.
2. Chipped n'ọnụ, nke nwere ike ikwe ka iji chọpụta ndị e ji mara nke linear owuwu n'ụdị ogidi, ọkpụ ikè na ibé. The usoro na-apụghị gburu, ma ọ bụrụ na-echebe oyi akwa bụ ihe na-erughị abụọ sentimita.
3. N'ịkwatu nke cleavage bụ nanị ụzọ na-abụghị ndị na-ebibi ule, na nke ndị niile na eze usoro, gụnyere mmezi na nduzi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ị pụrụ ịhụ na elu ziri ezi na ule.
4. Rebound nwere ike inye ike na-tụọ ego site nke impactor Ndahie emee mgbe ikpughe na bughi n'elu. Ule rụrụ site spring hama.
5. The impactor ọkụ na-eduga ná ndebanye emezu ujo ume N'ịbụ kọntaktị nke striker na elu. Otú ahụ na ngwaọrụ nwere ike ịbụ dị iche iche compactness na size.
6. Plastic deformation dabeere odomo size nke akara ukwu hapụrụ ọkụkụ a ígwè bọl.

ultrasound ego nke

Lelee àgwà nke ihe ultrasonic usoro bụ kwe omume site ife gafee na a site n'elu sounding. Ihe dị iche dị otú gauges na-emi odude.

ebibi usoro

Ihe na-esonụ iche nke ụzọ:

• ịcha a sample si a ihe owuwu a rụrụ pụrụ iche ngwá BDS-175, onwem na a ọnwụ ngwaọrụ ụdị diamond discs;
• mkpọpu ala-esi na-eme site ígwè na-egwu ala di iche iche nke ntụgharị 1806. Ha nwere a diamond ma ọ bụ carbide malite ịgba.

Tupu ị zụrụ a njikere mere ngwọta si emeputa, ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ma ò nwere àgwà akwụkwọ na ihe. Nke a bụ bụghị a mkpa, ma ọ na-enye otu echiche nke ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ụlọ ọrụ.

ihe Atụmatụ

Otu n'ime ndị isi na-egosi nke àgwà nke ihe na-atụle ga ya workability (ngwọta nwere ikike dejupụta ụdị concreting ngwaahịa na tamp ya site ike ndọda ma ọ bụ n'ihi na mpụga n'ibu metụtara). Nke a na atụmatụ nke ihe na-eme atụmatụ kwa nke rigidity na agagharị. Mgbe concreting nke mesikwuru ihe monolithic owuwu lara ihe mixtures.

stroyfirmy n'ọrụ na-chọrọ na-erughị ugboro abụọ ịchịkwa agagharị nke ngwakọta. N'ihi na ihe, onye agagharị bụ efu slump na stroylaboratorii kpebisiri ike isi ngwakọta dị ka ihe ruuru na ọdabara ọkọlọtọ. Isi e ji vibration oge achọrọ maka tupu kwado na oru a kpụrụ cone nke ihe na ngwa maka ịchọpụta isi.

Ụgbọ njem a ihe ngwakọta

N'ụzọ ziri ezi gburu ọkọnọ mix n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na-ekpebi àgwà nke ihe na oge nke ya edo na imewe. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-emerụ ahụ mix njem na ịgba akwụkwọ iwu na usoro concreted ihe ngwakọta tụfuru ya Ime Otu - stratified: na arọ mmiri (gravel, ájá, anuahade, nkume) na-edebe, na n'elu nke elu laitance egosi. Ya mere, e nyere agagharị ebelata na workability a kpaghasịrị ya. Concrete quality na-enweta site mgbe nlekota nke njem na udia ngwakọta n'ime imewe.

The foreman na nna ya ukwu stroyuchastka ụgwọ anya nyochaa àgwà nke akara nke ihe mix. Mgbe Ịtọ kwụ strata eso kwekọrọ ekwekọ ọkpụrụkpụ nke stacked n'ígwé dị na ngo chọrọ. Duration jijiji ihe na-enye a akara, isi Njirimara nke nke bụ: njedebe nke edozi ngwakọta ọdịdị laitance na ya ụgbọelu nchupu kewara na ya na ikuku egosipụta.

Resumption concreting mgbe a kwusi na-ekwe naanị mgbe Typesetting ihe compressive ike nke dịkarịa ala 1.5 MPa. Duration of data etiti oge, na-emekarị ihe na-akarịghị awa 2.

Maka ike nke ọhụrụ ngwa agha oyi akwa nwere adhesion ka elu nke sikwuo ike ọcha si irighiri, kwụsị ígwè brushes cement film mgbe ahụ na-asa na a ugboelu nke mmiri nrụgide. The fọdụrụ na mmiri si recessed kpochapụ. Tupu ibikwasị nke a ọhụrụ oyi akwa mkpa itinye ochie ihe elu oyi akwa nke ciment ngwa agha na a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 20 mm nwere otu mejupụtara dị ka nke ochie ihe.

Nke na-emetụta àgwà?

Concrete quality bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dabere na ọnọdụ n'okpuru nke ndị mejupụtara bụ ugbua ebe ya nwụnye. The solidification ọnụego ukwuu emetụta iru mmiri na ihere okpomọkụ. Enịm ihe nwere mmiri ma na-echebe megide n'ibu mmebi, n'ikwe, na mberede okpomọkụ jumps na ngwa ngwa ihicha.

Gịnị na-eji na-emebisi mmiri?

N'ihi na mmiri na-azọpụta na ihe eji gasị bitumen, bituminous na nọdu na ndị ọzọ na emulsions na ike ngwa ngwa na-etolite na ihe n'elu mmiri impermeable film.

ihe quality egosi

Ihe kacha mkpa na-egosi nke àgwà nke ihe ike na-akpata nchegbu. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa na-egosi. Ekwe omume nke ihe iji nagide ibu arọ na-eme ka ọ fọrọ oké mkpa na-ewu na-arụ ọrụ. Concrete nwere 3 ụdị nke ike:

• Mkpakọ maka eleru Njirimara nke ihe iji nagide compressive ibu;
• Tensile ekwe nke kpebisiri ike site Njirimara nke ihe iguzogide ekwe ibu;
• on axial erughị ala, nke a kpebisiri ike site ike nke ihe iguzogide tensile nchegbu gafee cross-sectional ebe.

Anwụ ngwa ngwa kpebisiri ike site ọkọlọtọ ule nke ihe samples na-agbawa igwe na presses.

• Frost eguzogide nke ihe. Na-enyemaka nke a na-egosi na-eme atụmatụ ihe nwere ikike iji nọgide na-ike ya e ji mara mgbe nwetụ kefriza na thawing. Frost eguzogide bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi maka ihe eji na ebe a siri ike ihu igwe na oyi na-atụ winters.
• Mmiri na-eguzogide nke ihe. Nke a na egosi na-amata na o nke ihe iguzogide infiltration mmiri. Ọ na-eji na ebe e nwere kpọmkwem kọntaktị na mmiri.
• The corrosion na-eguzogide nke ihe. Na nke a chọrọ ka àgwà atụmatụ ike mgbe n'ebe ihe ike ike na idowe ha ike e ji mara. Nke a na egosi dị mkpa mgbe e nwere ihe ize ndụ nke na kọntaktị na ihe na ime ihe na-eme ihe ike ike kemịkal.

àgwà nke ihe maka ntọala ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ na-ewu ọrụ dị ezigbo mkpa. Na-adabere na ya na ndu ndimmadu nke ewu na mma ọrụ.