Dị ka kwere ekwe na-baptizim - abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ mkpịsị aka?

Tupu anyị amalite ekwu banyere otú ndị Old kwere ekwe na-baptizim, ị ga-ebi na onye ha na ihe ha na ọrụ na mmepe nke Russian Chọọchị Ọtọdọks. Akara aka nke okpukpe ije akpọ Old kwere ekwe, ma ọ bụ agadi kwere ekwe, aghọwo ihe akụkụ nke Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme na jupụtara ejije na ihe atụ nke ime mmụọ ịdị ukwuu.

The mgbanwe kewara Russian Chọọchị Ọtọdọks

Old kwere ekwe, ka ndị fọdụrụ n'ime ndị chọọchị Russia, mmalite nke akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ n'afọ mgbe bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Dnieper, ka ìhè nke Kraịst, ada site na rus Prince Volodymyr. N'otu oge, na tụụrụ ala, ọka Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nyere ukwuu mkpụrụ. Ruo mgbe fifties Asaa narị afọ kweere na mba ahụ nọ n'otu, na nke okpukpe ọ bụla ubahade ọ bụ.

The mmalite nke oké ụka nke ọgba aghara bụ mgbanwe nke Onyeisi Nikon ulo oru ya na 1653. Ọ mejupụtara n'iweta Russian ememe okpukpe n'usoro na akara na ndị nakweere Grik na nke Church of Constantinople.

Mere ụka mgbanwe

Christianity, dị ka anyị maara, na-anyị si Byzantium, na n'oge akpa isua ke na Baptism nke rus ' ọrụ ke Church na-ewe ebe kpọmkwem dị ka ọ e mere Constantinople, ma mgbe ihe karịrị narị afọ isii, ịrịba E mere mgbanwe ndị ya.

Ọzọkwa, ebe ọ bụ na n'oge kasị nke oge a, akwụkwọ-ebi akwụkwọ n'ebe ahu, na ememe okpukpe akwụkwọ depụtaghachiri site n'aka, ha na-adịghị na ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ malite a ịrịba ama ọtụtụ ndị njehie, ma ịgwagbu pụtara a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isi nkebi ahịrịokwu. Iji dozie ọnọdụ ahụ, onyeisi Nikon were a dị mfe ma na o yiri na-ekwe nkwa nsogbu mkpebi.

Ezi ihe n'obi nna ochie

O nyere iwu na-samples nke mbụ akwụkwọ, si Byzantium, na site na-eme ha ka ha re-translation, emepụtaghachi ebi akwụkwọ usoro. Tupu mgbe odide o nyere iwu ịdọrọ si mgbasa. Ke adianade do, Onyeisi Nikon ke ẹkenam ke Greek style troeperstie - agbakwunye ọnụ atọ mkpịsị aka na kpuchiri obe.

Nke a adịghị njọ na ezi uche ngwọta mere, Otú ọ dị, a mmeghachi omume yiri ihe gbawara, arụpụtara dị na ya, na Ecclesiastical mgbanwe kpatara nke gbawara n'etiti. N'ihi ya, a ịrịba òkè nke ndị bi na-adịghị anabata ndị a innovations, emewo wee si chọọchị, mara dị ka Nikonian (na nnọchite nke Onyeisi Nikon), na site na ya ewepụtala a nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ okpukpe ije, onye na-eso ụzọ a na-akpọ schismatics.

The gbawara n'etiti, nke rụpụtara si mgbanwe

Dị ka tupu, na tupu mgbanwe ụbọchị ochie kwere ekwe ndị e mere baptizim na abụọ mkpịsị aka na jụrụ ịnakwere ihe ọhụrụ ụka akwụkwọ, nakwa dị ka ndị nchụàjà, ndị na-agbalị ime ka ha na-efe. Guzo na-emegide na Ecclesiastical na ndị ọchịchị ụwa, ha ruo ogologo oge doro oké mkpagbu ha. Nke a malitere na Obodo Council na 1656.

Ọbụna na Soviet oge, ndị a ikpeazụ mitigation ROC ọnọdụ megide Old kwere ekwe, nke na-egosi na mkpa iwu akwụkwọ. Otú ọ dị, nke a adịghị ada ka resumption nke Eucharistic, nke ahụ bụ ekpere udo n'etiti Obodo Orthodox Churches na Old kwere ekwe. The ikpeazụ a ụbọchị tụlee nanị onwe ha dị ka ndị bu ya wee nke ezi okwukwe.

Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị na mkpịsị aka na-baptizim kwere ekwe?

Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na mejupụtara nghọtahie na chọọchị na ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe dissenters, na esemokwu mgbe niile pụtara nanị gburugburu ememe n'akụkụ nke ofufe. Ka ihe atụ, ihe dị ka a cross kwere ekwe, kama na-agbakwunye abụọ atọ mkpịsị aka, mgbe nile na-aghọ ihe na-akpata ikpe megide ha, ebe ọ dịghị mkpesa banyere nkọwa nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ, ma ọ bụ nke isi ndokwa nke Orthodox Faith bụ.

Itunanya bu na, na iji nke na mgbakwunye na nke mkpịsị aka maka ihe ịrịba ama nke obe na Old kwere ekwe, na-akwado nke chọọchị nwere ụfọdụ akara. Old kwere ekwe na-baptizim na abụọ mkpịsị aka - index na n'etiti, nke na-anọchi na ọdịdị abụọ nke Jesus Christ - Chineke na mmadụ. Ndị fọdụrụ atọ mkpịsị aka n'otu oge ahụ na-enwe na n'ọbụ aka aka gị. Ha bụ ihe oyiyi nke a gọziri agọzi Atọ n'Ime Otu.

A atụ doro anya nke otú Old kwere ekwe na-baptizim, nwere ike ije ozi dị ka a ma ama sere site Vasiliya Ivanovicha Surikova "Boyar Morozova". Ọ uvozimaya n'agha ihere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke Moscow Old kwere ekwe ije uplifts n'eluigwe na-etinye ọnụ abụọ mkpịsị aka - a nnọchiteanya nke nkewa na-emegide mgbanwe nke Onyeisi Nikon.

Ma ha na-emegide, na-akwado nke ROC, mgbe ahụ, e site ha dị na Nikon si mgbanwe, na a na-eji a ụbọchị na mgbakwunye na nke nkpisi-aka-na-nwere a nọchiri anya. Nikoniantsy baptizim na atọ mkpịsị aka - mkpịsị aka, index na n'etiti apịaji tuo (schismatics ha maka ya contemptuously akpọ "schepotnikami"). Ndị a atọ na mkpịsị aka na-anọchi anya Nsọ Atọ n'Ime Otu, na sọrọ ọdịdị nke Jesus Christ ẹwụtde na nke a enwe na nkwụ mgbanaka mkpịsị aka na Mkpịsị aka nta.

The atụ dị ịrịba ama nke obe

Pụrụ iche ọ pụtara schismatics mgbe niile mmasị na otú ha na-etinyere na- ịrịba ama nke obe. n'aka direction nke ije site na ha otu ihe ahụ nke niile Orthodox, ma ya peculiar nkọwa. Old kwere ekwe Obe mkpịsị aka gị, na-etinye ha mbụ ya n'egedege ihu. N'ụzọ dị otú a ha na-agwa ndị n'ọkwá nke Chineke, nke bụ mmalite nke Divine Atọ n'Ime Otu.

Ọzọkwa, na-etinye mkpịsị aka ya na ya afo, si otú ha na-egosi na n'ime akpa nwa nke agọzi Virgin zuru okè ọmụmụ Jizọs Kraịst, Ọkpara nke Chineke. Mgbe ahụ welie aka ya ka nri ubu, egosi na, na ala-eze Chineke, Ọ nọdụrụ ala n'aka nri - ya bụ, nri nke Nna ya. N'ikpeazụ, ije nke aka-ekpe ubu-echeta na ndị mmehie na Ikpe Ikpeazụ, na-aga hell, ọ ga-ga-ebi oshuyuyu (n'aka ekpe) na Onyeikpe.

Mere kwere ekwe baptism na abụọ mkpịsị aka?

Azịza nke ajụjụ a nwere ike ịbụ oge ochie, gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ n'oge, na mgbe ahụ nakweere Grik omenala abụọ mkpịsị aka banye nke obe. Ọ bịara Russia ọnụ na ya baptism. The na-eme nnyocha nwere ihe àmà gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na n'oge XI-XII ọtụtụ narị afọ. ụdị ụfọdụ nke ihe ịrịba ama nke obe na Slavic ala bụghị dị mfe, na niile ndị e mere baptizim dị ka ọ na-eme taa, Old kwere ekwe.

Atụ nke a nwere ike ije ozi dị ka a maara nke ọma icon "Christ Pantocrator" dere Andrei Rublev na 1408 maka iconostasis nke mwere Katidral ke Vladimir. Ọ na-egosi Iisus Hristos nọ n'ocheeze na vozdevshim n'aka nri abụọ mkpịsị aka na ngọzi. Characteristically, ọ bụ abụọ, ọ bụghị atọ mkpịsị aka apịaji na Onye Okike nke ụwa na a dị nsọ ogbugbu.

Ezi na-akpata mkpagbu nke Old kwere ekwe

Ọtụtụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ na-kweere na ihe mere maka nsogbu bụ ememe ndị na-eme Old kwere ekwe. Baptizim abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ mkpịsị aka nke na-eso ụzọ nke a ije na - na ụkpụrụ, ọ bụghị otú ahụ dị mkpa. Ha isi kpatara bụ na ndị a ndị mmadụ anwa anwa n'ihu ọha aga megide eze uche, si otú eke a dị ize ndụ nweela maka ọdịnihu.

Na nke a anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere agha na ihe kasị ala ike, ebe ọ bụ na iwu n'oge ahụ Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich akwado Nikon si mgbanwe, na ya ojuju nke bi nwere ike na-ahuta ka nnupụisi na ịkparị kpataara ya onwe ya. Ma Russian isi mgbe gbaghaara mmehie ha.

Old kwere ekwe taa

N'imechi mkparịta ụka banyere otú ndị Old kwere ekwe na-baptizim wee site na nke a aga ga-bụghị nke ebe banyere na taa, ha na obodo na-dị na fọrọ nke nta niile mba ndị mepere emepe nke Europe, North na South America dị ka nke ọma dị ka na Australia. Na Russian Old kwere ekwe Church nwere ọtụtụ òtù, ndị kasị ibu nke na-tọrọ ntọala na 1848 Belokrinitskaya hierarchy onodi ụzọ ná mba ọzọ. Na ya n'ohu ọ na-eweta ọnụ karịrị otu nde ndị na-efe na nwere ya na-adịgide adịgide emmepe na Moscow na Romanian obodo nke Braila.

Nke abụọ kasị ukwuu na nzukọ nke Old kwere ekwe atụle Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church, nke na-agụnye banyere abụọ na narị abụọ ukara obodo na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-abụghị aha. Ya Central ịhazi na advisory ahụ na-emi odude ebe 2002 ke Moscow, Russian Council of WPS.