Echocardiography - ihe ọ bụ? Egosi maka ojiji, nkọwa nke usoro, nke na-egosi

Echocardiography - ihe bụ ihe na okwu? Mgbe niile, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ mara okwu - ECG. Taa anyị na-amụta na ndị dị otú echocardiography, dị ka ọ rụrụ, ihe ndị e ji mara ya. Ọzọkwa, chọpụta otú iji kwadebe maka usoro na ihe ọ na-efu.

nkọwa

Echocardiography, abbreviated echocardiography - obi research usoro dabeere na ultrasound ịgụ isiokwu nke obi oghere. Site usoro a, nchoputa nke ọrịa dị iche iche a rụrụ "moto" nke ahu. Nke a na usoro na-enye ohere na-amụ ihe na-amata na n'ozuzu size ma obi na ya na onye owuwu (ventricles, septum), ọkpụrụkpụ nke ventricular myocardium, atrial. Echocardiography nwekwara ike ikpebi na-uka nke obi ejection nta na ndị ọzọ kwa.

Aha ọzọ maka usoro a nke nchoputa na ọtụtụ ndị na-anụ - ultrasound, ie ultrasound.

egosi maka

Na obi echocardiography usoro nwere ike izipu a ọkachamara dị otú ahụ ikpe:

- Ọ bụrụ na ndị cardiologist achọpụta a obi nātamu ntamu.

- E nwere mgbanwe na ECG.

- Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ na-ele emeghasịkwa nke obi.

- Onye ọrịa nwere a fever, nke bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke SARS, nsogbu na akpịrị, imi, ntị ma ọ bụ na akụrụ ya.

- Dị ka a N'ihi nke X-ray pụrụ hụrụ na-abawanye na obi size ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe ya odidi, ebe nke nnukwu arịa.

Ọzọkwa, usoro a nke nnyocha na-ekenịmde ke esonụ ọnọdụ:

- Ọrịa na ọbara mgbali elu.

- Ndị ọrịa bụ ndị nọ agadi obi ntụpọ.

- Ọ bụrụ na nke mkpesa nke mmadụ mgbu na n'aka ekpe nke obi.

- Mgbe mkpụmkpụ nke ume, ọzịza nke aka na ụkwụ.

- Ọ bụrụ na-ada mbà.

- Na omume na onye bụ mgbe nchegbu banyere dizziness.

- Ọ bụrụ na e a-enyo enyo gbasara obi akpụ.

- Ọ bụrụ na rịaworo.

- Mgbe myocardial et al.

A ọmụmụ na mmekọrita ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime

Nchekwa na vasatail usoro mkpebi siri ike nke nsogbu obi na-akpọ echocardiography. Gịnị ka ọ pụtara? Naanị otu ihe - ya nwere ike rụrụ na-akwanyere niile na edemede nke ndị bi na, ma ndị okenye ma ụmụaka. Nke a na-amụ na-ọbụna nyere ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime. Na ọ na-eme iji chọpụta gbasara obi abnormalities na nwa ebu n'afọ na-ewere ndị dị mkpa iji zọpụta nwa. Echocardiography bụ nnọọ na-adịghị njọ n'ihi na nne na nwa.

Nke a nnyocha ga-ebe ụmụ nwaanyị dị ime na ọnọdụ ndị a:

- Ọ bụrụ na nwaanyị dị ime na ndị ezinụlọ nwere ọrịa obi.

- Previous ime biri na ime ọpụpụ.

- Ọ bụrụ na a nwaanyị nwere ọrịa shuga.

- N'oge afọ ime, na nwanyị ahụ na-arịa ọrịa na Rubella.

- Ọ bụrụ na a nwaanyị na-ewere ọgwụ nje ma ọ bụ mgbochi akwụkwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na 1 ma ọ bụ 2 trimester.

Iche si ECG echocardiography

First afo guzo dị ka electrocardiography.

Echocardiography abụghị ihe ọ bụla dị ka echocardiography. Gịnị bụ a usoro oleekwa otú o si dị iche na mbụ? Ụzọ ọzọ a na-akpọ ultrasound nke obi. The iche iche ndị dị ka ndị:

1. Echocardiography a na-eme site na iji a pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ - a Ntụgharị na-emetụta a ọkachamara obi onye ọrịa na obi mpaghara. Nkwadebe achọpụta ultrasonic mmiri na ebili mmiri na-agafe mgbidi "engine" nke ahụ ahụ na-egosipụta ha azụ. The Ntụgharị enweta nloghachi n'ókè, nke na-ahụ esichara site a na kọmputa. N'otu oge, ndị ECG na-eme na a dị iche iche n'ụzọ: onye ọrịa ahụ obi mmasị pụrụ iche sensọ nke tụọ eletriki ọrụ nke obi. The electrodes jikọọ na igwe, nke ozokwa na-eweta a pụrụ iche oge nke na-egosi ike na ọdịdị nke eletriki n'ókè.
2. Echocardiography dọkịta na-ekpebi otú ọma obi nfuli ọbara ahu. Ọzọkwa, ekele usoro a, ị nwere ike kọwaa ọrụ a, na-ada mbà, nke bụ a mgbaàmà nke obi ọdịda. N'ihi ya ECG nchoputa bụ naanị ike tụọ mgbaàmà larịị na nyochaa ma na-eziga "engine" organism eguzogide eletriki gboo.
3. N'ihi na mgbe nile na-anọchite anya ya na ECG eserese. Echocardiography bụ ofu na foto.
4. Site n'enyemaka nke ihe ngwá nwere ike ịchọpụta nsogbu na obi n'afọ iri na ụma, arrhythmia, tachycardia, bradycardia. A obi ultrasound na-egosi? Ọ-enye gị ohere na-amata na ọnọdụ nke obi valves, n'obi ọrụ mgbe onye agha, na o kwere omume ọnọdụ nke a ọbara clot aghara ọrụ a dị mkpa ahu.

Myirịta echocardiography na ECG

- Ma ụzọ research nwere ike na-eme atụmatụ na size nke obi-ulo. Ka ihe atụ, mmụba nke nri ma ọ bụ n'aka ekpe atrium nwere ike mata site na ndị a na-achọpụta ọrịa ụzọ.

- Ọzọkwa, ma ụzọ pụrụ ịchọpụta ndiiche ebe "engine" nke ahu.

- ọzịza nke obi muscle, mbufụt nke gburugburu anụ ahụ nwekwara ike ahụrụ site ndị a na-achọpụta ọrịa ụzọ.

Uru na ọghọm nke ọ bụla usoro

ECG - dị version nke ọmụmụ. Otú ọ dị, o nwere ike ọ bụghị mgbe niile na-egosi a doro anya na foto nke nsogbu, dị ka megide ultrasound nke obi. Na uche n'ụzọ doro anya echocardiography, ọ bụ bughi abnormalities. Nchọpụta a na-usoro ana achi achi izi ezi nke image, usoro a bụ ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ha na-ekpebi ndị ahụ ike nke esịtidem akụkụ. The uru nke ultrasound nke obi bụ na ọkachamara nwere ike anya na-edebe-ulo-ya. Otú ọ dị, a na-achọpụta ọrịa usoro nwere otu drawback: ọ rụrụ naanị na onwe clinics, na-eri ọtụtụ ugboro ọzọ dị oké ọnụ karịa ihe ngwá.

Ókè nhọrọ obi echocardiography

Mgbe ultrasound nke ahụ mere, ndị ọkachamara na-eduzi ọmụmụ ihe, jide n'aka na-eziga a onye a cardiologist ghọta na ya pụta. Iji otu ugboro ọzọ na-adị ndụ n'enweghị cranking onwe ya, na-esonụ na tebụl nwere ike anya na ókè-ala ụkpụrụ:

Echocardiography: ọnụego na parameters	Size, cm
	mgbanwe	nkezi
Uji eze nke nri ventricle end-diastolic	0,9-2,6	1.7
Uji eze nke ekpe ventricle end-diastolic	3,5-5,7	4.7
Na dayameta nke aortic	2,0-3,7	2.7
Uji eze nke ekpe atrium	1,9-4	2.9

Ndị a bụ ndị isi ụkpụrụ na nke na-adọrọ mmasị nke ndị dọkịta mgbe ị na-elele ihe ultrasound.

Echocardiography: nyopụta pụta

N'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na-agụ, na-aghọta na-akọwa onye ọrịa na-arụpụta nke usoro nke nchoputa ike na cardiologist. Independent ọmụmụ nke isi kwa nke gbasara obi arụmọrụ adịghị enye onye zuru ntule nke ahụ ike ya na ozi. Ma ya nwayọọ ọrịa nwere ike ịgụ na nkezi ụkpụrụ a kọwara n'elu. Naanị ka ahụmahụ dọkịta na Cardiology nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi itapia n'ihi nke akwụkwọ igwe, nakwa dị ka aza ajụjụ ọ bụla ọrịa.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-eme nke na ụfọdụ ndị na-egosi arapu norm na na-dere na nkeji nke ule n'okpuru ihe ndị ọzọ. Nke a na-egosi na àgwà nke igwe abụghị nnọọ mma. Ọ bụrụ na a ọgwụ alụmdi na-eji elu ngwá, mgbe dọkịta echocardiography nweta ihe ezi results, na ndabere nke nke onye ọrịa ga-eme ka nchoputa na idepụta ọgwụgwọ.

Gịnị ọrịa nwere ike chọpụtara site echocardiography?

Na usoro a ọ bụ ike ịmata ọtụtụ nsogbu. Ha bụ:

- Heart ọdịda.

- Rheumatism.

- ịrịa ọrịa obi.

- ọzịza nke obi.

- vaskụla dystonia.

- Myocarditis.

- myocardial infarction.

- ọbara mgbali elu.

- Hypotension.

- congenital ma ọ bụ enwetara ọrịa obi.

- Thrombosis.

- ọzịza nke obi.

Ụzọ nke ultrasound

Echocardiography nwere ndị na-esonụ na-achọpụta ọrịa usoro:

- transthoracic Usoro.

- Transesophageal ultrasound.

Mbụ usoro nke nchoputa bụ ihe kasị nkịtị n'ihi na ọ na-eji maka a ogologo oge. Transthoracic Usoro nke nchọpụta nke nsogbu obi a rụrụ site na obi site a ihe mmetụta, nke na-enwe megide aru nke onye ọrịa ahụ iji obi. Onye ọrịa n'oge usoro n'ihe ndina ya, na-agha ụgha na ya n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ azụ.

Transesophageal echocardiography - ụdị nnyocha usoro na otú ọ na-nọrọ? Nke a bụkwa a ụzọ ultrasound gbasara obi nchọpụta nsogbu. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-adịghị rụrụ site obi n'elu, dị ka transthoracic Usoro, na nke na nkọlọ. The ihe mmetụta kpebisiri ike inweta site na usoro a na dọkịta nwere ike inwe dị ka nso nke obi, na-na-na-ahụ ndị nke ya ngalaba na-adịghị anya na ọkọlọtọ ultrasound.

The na-eri nke usoro

Ọ bụghị ihe niile ọchịchị clinics na ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ike ịnya isi na ha nwere ike na-enye ndị dị otú ahụ a obi research usoro dị ka echocardiography. Ahịa n'ihi na nke a usoro na onwe clinics ịdị iche iche n'etiti 2200-3000 rubles. Ọ niile na-adabere na ugwu nke ụlọ ọgwụ, dọkịta ruru eru, na nnweta nke oge a na ngwá, na ọnọdụ nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike oru, na-ejere ụgwọ ọrụ. Na Moscow, n'ihi na ihe atụ, iji mee ka echocardiography-abụ nnọọ ihe dị oké ọnụ karịa na Voronezh.

Ọ bụrụ na ị jiri price nke na-ejide ultrasound na ECG, na nke ikpeazụ a, onye ahụ ga-akwụ ụgwọ ruo 700 rubles. Ọzọkwa, mgbe mgbe, na ngwá bụ n'efu n'ihu ọha n'ụlọ ọgwụ.

Nkwadebe maka transesophageal ọmụmụ

Echocardiography a na-eme na ihe outpatient ndabere. A awa ole na ole tupu usoro ọrịa kwesịrị izere nri na mmiri. Ọzọkwa, a na mmadụ nwere ike gaghị aṅụ kọfị ma ọ bụ iri ihe oriri ndị ọzọ nwere caffeine, ụbọchị tupu US (chocolate, ike tii). Ọzọkwa chọrọ ịkwụsị ịṅụ ọgwụ ọjọọ na-ebu mmiri dị ka nitroglycerin. Tupu usoro, a ọkachamara kwesịrị ịjụ ma ọ bụrụ na ma ndidi nwere eze. Tupu echocardiography ha ga-ewepụ.

Ebu transesophageal ultrasound nke obi

1. Onye ọrịa dinara n'ihe ndina ya.
2. Na akwara nke onye ọrịa catheter-etinye na mere general ná Nkụnwụ. Ọ nwekwara ike-eji obodo Nkụnwụ.
3. Pharyngeal oghere na-na-asa na a anestetiiki. Nke a bụ iji hụ na onye ọrịa na a were iwe n'ihi inu.
4. Onye ọrịa na jikọọ na pụrụ iche ngwá, nke ga-anọgide na-eso na-arụ ọrụ nke obi na ume. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ mere general ná Nkụnwụ Ahụ, ọ na-Ọzọkwa enye a ọkọnọ nke oxygen.
5. Onye ọrịa na-tụgharịa na na ya n'aka ekpe. Na ọnụ ya na-etinye ọnụ na-ekwuru.
6. Mgbe anestetiiki na ọrịa ọnụ endoscope na ẹkenam. Ọ bụrụ na general ná Nkụnwụ e mepụtara, mgbe ahụ, a na ngwaọrụ ozugbo etinyere site na nkọlọ n'ime akpịrị na n'ihu ọganihu.
7. An endoscope captures image na monitor ekele a pụrụ iche mmetụta na nke ya.
8. Specialist explores obi si dị iche iche angles.

Nkwadebe na omume nke transthoracic ultrasound

Na nke a, e nweghị ihe na-zubere na-ebu mkpa. Usoro a rụrụ na-esonụ iji:

1. The ọrịa undressed site n'úkwù elu, dinara n'ihe ndina ya.

2. On n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke obi ọkachamara na-emetụta a pụrụ iche jel. Ọ dị mkpa na ndị ultrasonic ebili mmiri ebute site ná mma.

3. Mgbe ahụ, ndị ọrụ ahụ ike na-eme ihe mmetụta na obi ebe, na-ekwu data.

4. Mgbe usoro ọkachamara n'ibu niile ozi natara na mgbe a nkeji ole na ole na-ama na-enye onye ọrịa a dere echiche. On akwụkwọ a na mmadụ nwere ike na-agụ banyere ụfọdụ tentetivu nchoputa dọkịta nyere ya. Ma nke a apụtaghị na n'ọnọdụ a na-etinye mouzhno. Na n'ihi nke ultrasound ndidi ga-aga a oge na a cardiologist.

contraindications

All echocardiographic obi kpamkpam na-adịghị emerụ na usoro. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ụfọdụ anatomical atụmatụ nke ọrịa nwere ike na-enwe nsogbu ndị metụtara ezughi oke penetration ike transesophageal ultrasound usoro. Nke a nwere ike ime, n'ihi na ihe atụ, obi deformation, kwupụtara na ọnụnọ nke ntutu isi na ndị ikom, ibu oké ibu, nnukwu size nke ara na nwanyi.

Na ndị na-esonụ ọnọdụ, ime ultrasound nke obi bụ inadmissible:

- Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ nwere a afo ọnyá afọ ma ọ bụ nnukwu mgbu.

- Onye ọrịa nwere akpụ nke ọ bụla ntaramahụhụ.

Na nke a, transesophageal ultrasound nke obi na-adịghị rụrụ. Kwere nanị transthoracic echocardiography.

ọgwụgwụ

Site isiokwu ị na-aghọta na a synonym maka echocardiography - ultrasound. Okwu abụọ na-ezo aka n'otu usoro. gbasara obi echocardiography bụ ezi usoro nke nchoputa, ikwe ka a mata ọrịa dị iche iche nke ahụ, ọbụna na mbụ nkebi. Transthoracic ultrasound nwere ike rụrụ kpamkpam niile ọrịa. Mgbe transesophageal echocardiography infrequently mee, ebe ọ bụ na nke a-ulo na ihe endoscope etinyere site na nkọlọ.