Economist Milton Friedman: A Biography, echiche, na ndụ okwu

Milton Friedman - ihe American Economist onye na 1976 natara Nobel Nrite maka ya nnyocha na ubi nke oriri, ego akụkọ ihe mere eme na mgbagwoju anya nke stabilization iwu. Na George Stigler bụ onye nwere ọgụgụ isi abụọ emana ndú nke Chicago School. N'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ ya a ma ama na economists dị ka Geri Bekker, Robert Fogel, Ronald Kouz, Robert Lucas, Obere .. Ihe bụ isi echiche nke Friedman Nchegbu ego iwu, ụtụ isi, privatization, deregulation nke ọha iwu, karịsịa na 1980s. Monetarism nwekwara mmetụta mkpebi nke US Federal usoro n'oge zuru ụwa ọnụ ego nsogbu.

Brief biography Miltona Fridmana: mmalite afọ

N'ọdịnihu ọkà mmụta sayensị a mụrụ na Brooklyn, otu n'ime ndị kasị daa ogbenye ebe nke New York. Nne na nna ya kwabatara si Hungary. City nke ha kwaga, bụ ugbu a na ókèala nke Ukraine (Beregovo na Transcarpathia region). Friedman nne na nna nọ na-ere ákwà. Obere oge mgbe a mụrụ nwa ahụ, ezinụlọ ya kwagara n'obodo Rahway na New Jersey. Dị ka nwatakịrị, Friedman wee na ihe mberede, n'apa ya elu egbugbere ọnụ na nọrọ na ya maka ndụ. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1928 na debara aha na Rutgers University. The nwa okorobịa pụrụ iche na mgbakọ na mwepụ na akụnụba. Ọ bu n'obi na-a odeakwụkwọ. Otú ọ dị, n'oge na-ọzụzụ m zutere abụọ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị - Arthur Burns na Homer Jones, onye mekwara ya na aku na uba ga-enyere na-edu ụwa si Akwa Iduọ Ndutịm Uforo.

Mgbe ha gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ na-awa abụọ fellowships na mgbakọ na mwepụ na Brown na aku na uba na Chicago. Friedman họọrọ nke abụọ, na natara a Master nke Arts ogo na 1933. Echiche ya na-enwe mmetụta Dzheykob Viner, Frank Nayt na Henry Simons. N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere ya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na nwunye, Rose. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-amụ ọnụ ọgụgụ n'okpuru idu ndú nke ndị a ma ama Economist Harold Hotelling na-arụ ọrụ dị ka otu nnyemaaka Genri Shultsa. Na Mahadum Chicago, Friedman zutere ya abụọ kacha mma enyi - George Stigler na Allen Wallis.

Public ọrụ

Mgbe m gụsịrị mbụ Friedmann-enweghị ike ịhụ a ọrụ izi ihe ya. Ya mere, o kpebiri ịga Washington na enyi ya Allen Wallis, ebe Roosevelt nnọọ malitere aghọta ya "New Deal". Friedman mechara chọpụta na ihe niile bụ obodo aka "adighi ike ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe si na-ezighị ezi ọrịa." Na 1935, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na National Resources Committee, nke mbụ malitere na-eche banyere nkọwa nke oriri ọrụ. Friedman mgbe biri na National Bureau of Economic Research. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka otu nnyemaaka Simon Kuznets.

Na 1940, Friedman bụ a prọfesọ na Mahadum nke Wisconsin, ma laghachi na-ejere ọha n'ihi na nke mgbochi-Semitism. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na agha tax iwu nke Federal Government dị ka otu onye ndụmọdụ. On ọrụ ọ kwalitere Keynesian ala aka na aku na uba.

Ọrụ na rụzuru

Milton Friedman bụ onye ndụmọdụ na US president si Republican Party nke Ronald Reagan na British Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ nkà ihe ọmụma toro ido nke free ahịa na di ntakiri ọchịchị aka. Ozugbo Friedman kwuru na ọ na-ewere ya kasị ukwuu nweta iwepu conscription na United States. N'oge ndụ ya o dere a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke monographs, akwụkwọ, isiokwu n'akwụkwọ sayensị na akwụkwọ akụkọ, bụ a guest nke ihe omume telivishọn, na lectured na dị iche iche mahadum. Ya ọrụ na-ewu ewu abụghị naanị na US na UK, ma na-na socialist mba. The magazine "The Economist" na-akpọ ya ndị kasị akpa Economist nke nkera nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 20, nakwa ma eleghị anya na narị afọ. Ezie na ụfọdụ ntuli enye palm ka John Maynard Keynes.

aku na uba na echiche

Milton Friedman kasị mma mara maka eru anya ka ego ọkọnọ. Monetarism - bụ a set nke echiche na na-metụtara nke ukwu Ozizi. Ya metụtara nwere ike dị na narị afọ nke 16. Ọnụ na iwe iwe Shvarts Fridman dere akwụkwọ a na-akpọ "A Monetary History nke United States of America, 1867-1960 (1963)." Multiple nlaghachi azụ nyochara enen na n'ọkwá nke ego ọkọnọ ka ego na ọchịchị na emefu. Natural enweghị ọrụ bụ-apụghị izere ezere, n'ihi ya, ọ na-eme ka mba uche na ya ọgụ. Government dịghị mkpa ka na-eduzi ndị na aku na uba site na gbasara ego obodo iwu.

Developments na ubi nke ọnụ ọgụgụ

Zipụta ha n'usoro analysis mepụtara Milton Friedman. Isi echiche si ya na-eje ozi na Department of War Studies na Columbia. Mgbe ahụ zipụta ha n'usoro mgbakọ na mwepụ analysis aghọwo a ọkọlọtọ usoro nke ntule. Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nchoputa Friedman, taa, o yiri incredibly mfe. Ma nke a bụ ihe na-egosi nke a amamihe jisiri ike banye n'ime ọdịdị zuru oke nke phenomena. Taa, na-agbanwe agbanwe na ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ analysis bụ isi ngwá ọrụ nke oge a na economists.

Milton Friedman: ikeketeorie na Freedom

monetarism echiche malitere na a gbaghaa nke Keynesian Ozizi. Mgbe e mesịrị, Milton Friedman ga na-akpọ ọtụtụ n'ime ndokwa ghọgbuo. Na 1950, ọ mere ya nwere nkọwa nke oriri ọrụ. Ikeketeorie na Freedom - abụọ echiche na na-ẹkenam ọzọ na nkà mmụta sayensị na mgbanwe nke Milton Friedman. Monetarism eji a "Keynesian asụsụ na methodological ngwa," ma na-agọnarị mbụ echiche nke ozizi nke ala ụkpụrụ nke aku na uba. Friedman ekweghị na-ekwe omume nke zuru ike itinye n'ọrụ. Na nghọta ya, e nwere mgbe a eke ọnụego nke na-enweghị ọrụ, na-alụ ọgụ nke bụ isi. Economists-arụ ụka na n'ikpeazụ Phillips usoro anya dị ka a vetikal ogologo akara, na-atụghị ekwe omume nke ndị dị otú ahụ a onu ka stagflation. Ya mere, naanị irè iwu nke ala bụ a jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye na ego ọkọnọ.