Ecumenical Onyeisi - aha nke Primate nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Constantinople.

Ecumenical Onyeisi - Primate nke Chọọchị Constantinople. Kemgbe ụwa, ọ na-atụle onye mbụ n'etiti ahaghị nke Primates nke ụka. Gịnị ka nke a pụtara, na otú e akụkọ a, na-ekwu mgbe e mesịrị. Ugbu a anyị na-ahụ si onye anyagbu nna ochie. Ya mere, October 22, 1991 utu aha a e ọdịda Bartholomew m (na ụwa Dimitrios Arhodonis), a makwaara dị ka Ya Divine Ịdị nsọ bụ Achịbishọp nke Constantinople (ochie aha obodo nke New Rome).

nna ochie

Nke a aha e hiwere ya mgbe, na Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium, obodo ghọrọ isi obodo nke Constantinople. First Ecumenical Onyeisi Acacius (472-489) e akpọ mgbe Fourth Ecumenical Council (451, Chalcedon). Mgbe ahụ na ndị na-achịkwa 9, 17 na 28 a na-akpọsa alaeze-n'obosara ikike nke New Bishop nke Rome, na mkpa ka na-ahụ nke abụọ ọnọdụ mgbe Rome.

Site na njedebe nke VI na narị afọ na ọrụ nke aha mechara kweta ma na obodo na na Ecclesiastical omume nke Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium. Ma popu nke Rome 28 nke iwu na-adịghị nakweere. Ọ bụ naanị na njikọ na otu na na VII Ecumenical Council (1438-1445 gg.) Rome akpatre etinye n'azụ ha na akụkụ nke abụọ nke Patriarchate nke Constantinople.

Onyeisi ndị bishọp na Russia

Ma na 1453, Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium dara mgbe a nọchibidoro Constantinople site Turkish agha. Na nke a, na Ecumenical onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Constantinople, bụ ike ịnọgide na-enwe ya ọnọdụ dị ka onye ndú nke Christian ụwa, kama ọ na-ama adị n'okpuru ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman. Kpọrọ, ọ nọgidere na isi nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Russia, ma nnọọ na-adịghị ike na-agwụ na ihe onwunwe ụgbọelu, mgbe onyeisi ndị bishọp e guzobere Russian State (1589). N'oge ọchịchị nke Boris Godunov, dị ka anyị maara, mbụ nna ochie na Russia ghọrọ a Job (1589).

Mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ, ndị Ottoman Alaeze Ukwu kwụsịrị ịdị adị. Na 1923, Constantinople kwụsịrị ịbụ isi obodo, na 1930, renamed na Istanbul (Istanbul).

Race maka ike

Ná mmalite 1920, bishọp nke Constantinople na ime ya gburugburu amalite na-etolite a echiche nke ihe niile chọọchị Ọtọdọks n'Ógbè Ndị Juu kwesịrị n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-erube isi onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Constantinople. Ya mere, otú ọ, dị ka Greek J.Randall nzukọ a na-akpọ Phanariotes, ugbu a nwere a n'ọkwá nke nsọpụrụ, na ike, n'ihi ya, ọ nwere ike itinye onu na ndị esịtidem omume nke ọ bụla ọzọ ụka. Echiche a ozugbo doro ugboro ugboro nnyocha na a na-akpọ "ọwụwa anyanwụ popery." Otú ọ dị, de facto omume e mma site chọọchị.

Ecumenical Onyeisi Bartholomew m: biography

Bartholomew nke Greek agbụrụ onye a mụrụ na February 29, 1940, Turkish n'àgwàetiti Imbros Zeytinli Village-Kay. Mgbe-emecha akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Istanbul, o wee na-amụ na Theological School nke Council of Chalcedon, na 1961 a họpụtara a dikọn. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-eje ozi ruo afọ abụọ na Turkish agha.

Site 1963 1968 - ezie na-amụ na ndị Pontifical Oriental Institute na Rom, mgbe ahụ na-amụ na University of Munich na Switzerland. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-akụzi n'ụlọ ndị Pontifical Gregorian University, ebe ọ natara a doctorate na nkà mmụta okpukpe.

Na 1968, ndị emume mere na ndị okenye, nke e gara site na Onyeisi Athenagoras I. Na 1972, ama n'okpuru Onyeisi Demetrius, a họpụtara Administrator nke nna ụlọ ọrụ.

Na 1973 ọ nọ na-na-nsọ Bishop nke Metropolitan nke Philadelphia, na na 1990 ghọrọ Metropolitan nke Chalcedon. Site na 1974 ruo mgbe e chiri ya eze na nna ochie bụ onye òtù nke Synod na Synod a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kọmitii.

Na October 1991, ọ hoputara ka ndị Ecumenical onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Constantinople chọọchị. The e chiri Kraịst eze na November 2 na afọ.

Bartholomew na ROC

Mgbe ichi Ecumenical onyeisi Bartholomew m na 1993. Russian Onyeisi nleta. Mgbe gbawara n'etiti na Russia ke 1922 (mgbe Constantinople ha ebere Ecclesiastical omempụ, ọ bụghị ndị mejupụtara Church) a pụtara igbaze ná mmekọrịta ha. Karịsịa na ROC ọzọ kewaa, na-akwado Ukrainian ọchịchị, mgbe ọ na a onwe-kwusara Kiev Patriarchate, gawa site Filaret. Ma na nke a oge Bartholomew m akwado mejupụtara ya Beatitude Metropolitan Vladimir nke Kiev (Sabodan).

Na 1996, e nwere a nkọ esemokwu na Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church. Moscow adịghị ghọtara mejupụtara Ọdịdị nke ahụ Church nke Constantinople Patriarchate na Estonia. Bartholomew aha maka a ka a nọ na wepụrụ ọbụna si diptychs nke ROC.

nzukọ

Na 2006, igabiga esemokwu ọnọdụ na Diocese of Sourozh MP na British n'Àgwàetiti. N'ihi ya, Bishop Basil, mbụ ya njikwa, natara n'ime Church of Constantinople, ma ozugbo si ebe ahụ pụọ dị ka ezi ya ịlụ nwunye.

Na 2008, na nsọpụrụ nke 1020th ncheta nke Baptism nke Russia, Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko a na-eche ihu ọma Onyeisi Bartholomew ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na e nwere onye na-akpakọrịta Ukraine ụka n'otu obodo, ma adịghị natara ya.

Na 2009, Moscow Onyeisi Kirill gara ukara obibi nke onyeisi ndị bishọp nke Constantinople. N'oge okwu atụlewo ọtụtụ dị mkpa, mgbe Bartholomew kwere nkwa ghara igbochi na chọọchị ọnọdụ kere Ukraine.

Mgbe ahụ, na 2010, ọ bụ nke abụọ egwuregwu ke Moscow, ebe ọ na-atụle isiokwu ndị Great Orthodox kansul. Bartholomew na-akpọ Obi Abụọ kwere ekwe nke Ukraine laghachi mejupụtara Church.

Bartholomew nna ochie mmekọrịta Roman Catholic Church

Na 2006 Bartholomew kpọrọ m ka m Istanbul Pope Benedict XVI, na nzukọ wee ebe. Ecumenical onyeisi Chọọchị Ọtọdọks ụka kwara arịrị na abụọ ụka na-ka na-adịghị ejikọrọ.

Na 2014, nzukọ nke nna ochie na Pope Francis ada itie ke Jerusalem. Ọ e were dị ka a mkparitauka onwe, ukwuu n'ime ekenịmde ke anyagbu nghazi, n'ihi na nke na ọ na-now ukwuu katọrọ.

The ijuanya eziokwu nke a nzute bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na pope Francis na ịdị umeala n'obi-iriba-ama susuo aka nke nna ochie, bụ ndị, n'aka nke ya, nsọpụrụ na emede zara Phillips osculation.

Ecumenical Onyeisi: ndepụta

Ndị nna ochie bụ nke ọhụrụ oge:

• Dorofei nke Prussia (1918-1921 gg.);
• Meletii IV (1921-1923 gg.);
• Gregory VII (1923-1924 gg.);
• Constantine VII (1924-1925 gg.);
• Vasily III (1925-1929 gg.);
• Photios II (1929-1935 gg.);
• Benjamin (1936-1946 gg.);
• Maxim V (1946-1948 gg.);
• Athenagoras (1948-1972 gg.);
• Demetrius m (1972-1991 gg.);
• Bartholomew m (1991).

ọgwụgwụ

N'ihi na n'oge na-adịghị, na June 2016, uche ngafe Ukwu Pan-Orthodox Council, nke ga-atụle ihe dị mkpa nke na - na àgwà nke Orthodox Church ọzọ Christian ụka. Ebe o nwere ike ịbụ a otutu dị iche iche esemokwu na nghọtahie. N'ihi na ugbu a, ihe niile Orthodox umu-nne, na-ejide na-eche, dị ka ọ na-akpọ, nke asatọ Ecumenical Council. Mgbe ndị dị otú ahụ a definition ga-abụ na ihe ọjọọ, n'ihi na ọ dịghị ụka n'ụkpụrụ iwu tụlere ya agaghị, n'ihi na ihe niile a na-ama kpebiri, na ihe ọ bụla ikpe-apụghị gbanwere.

Ikpeazụ Ecumenical Council ẹkenịmde ke Nicaea na 787 AD. Ma mgbe ahụ, e nwere ndị Catholic ubahade, nke na 1054 mere na a na Kraịst na chọọchị, mgbe ahụ, kpụrụ Western (Catholic) si n'etiti ndị Rom na ndị Eastern (Orthodox) hiwere na Constantinople. Mgbe dị a gbawara n'etiti Ecumenical Council a priori agaghị ekwe omume.

Ma ọ bụrụ na ha chọrọ iso ndị Catholic Church na Orthodox, ọ ga-eme nanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-echegharị na-ebi ndụ dị ka n'ụkpụrụ iwu nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks, na ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe. A na-emetụta ndị ọzọ chọọchị dị iche iche, gụnyere schismatic Kiev Patriarchate, nke, n'ihi na ya so, na-eche ka ude na-akpakọrịta.